eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still pupa)

antenna orientation bent

larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna size shortened

elytra partially structure blistered

antenna orientation bent

larva lethality

larval musculature sometimes thinner

Muscles show normal shape at their attachement sites and are only thinner " in the middle" of the muscles. Effect seems to be strongest in all cases in the longitudinal dorsal muscles.

larval musculature partially not present

in cases where nearly all muscles are missing, the defect is probably secundary due to the death of the larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

antenna orientation bent

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna orientation bent

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected


egg production: number >150% of expected

No phenotype!

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


adult lethality

larva lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

larva lethality

thorax sometimes partially not present

head appendages random not present

head appendages shortened

legs segment shortened

head mostly not present

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


egg chamber irregular

No individual egg chamber present!

ovariole shape rounded

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

legs orientation irregular

antenna bent

elytra blistered

larva lethality

urogomphi size decreased

leg musculature mostly not present

larval musculature mostly not present

larval musculature partially rounded

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

labrum size decreased

mandible potentially transformed

mandible not present

maxilla number increased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

dorsal thoracic muscles irregular

maxilla sometimes not present

head bristle irregular

head capsule mostly not present

larva cuticle dorsal not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

head & thorax cuticle dorsal irregular

prothoracic leg not present

legs pretarsus bent

legs segment potentially fused

head appendages position irregular

head appendages sometimes shape irregular

head appendages random not present

head capsule size decreased

abdomen segment number decreased

legs segment shortened

effect is clearly stronger in the T3 legs than in the others

head capsule mostly not present

larva constricted


larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature irregular

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

No phenotype!

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larval musculature irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

tropharium shape irregular

vitellarium circumference decreased

vitellogenic egg chamber mostly not present

previtellogenic egg chamber number decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eyes sometimes shape irregular

Omatidia affected, but defect not clearly visible. Gena affected.

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber degenerated

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

tropharium irregular

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


No phenoype!

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

egg chamber potentially fused

egg chamber shape rounded

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)


ovary without detectable defects

elytra irregular

Necrotic urogomphi still attached to the adult abdominal segment.

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

urogomphi structure necrotic

elytra size elongated

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

thorax partially not present

head capsule mostly not present

head & thorax irregular

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


mature egg deposition 2 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

larva lethality early (L5/6)

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


flagellomeres slightly number decreased

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

bristle partially remaining

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

egg chamber sometimes potentially fused

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

egg chamber number decreased

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


ovariole not present

tropharium decreased

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)


larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

wings blistered

wings not closed

wings irregular

adult lethality

elytra surface irregular

wing veins potentially not present, surface smoothed (secondary defect?)

larva lethality

wings blistered


larva lethality early (L5/6)

head capsule size decreased

abdomen segment number decreased

head irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

elytra distal colour irregular

larva lethality early (L5/6)

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

vitellogenic egg chamber partially degenerated

egg chamber number decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

about 50%

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

bristle remaining

larva dorsal not closed

larva segment partially not present

gut remaining

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

very few

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

50-60%, eggs potentially smaller

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

mature egg not present

yolk late structure irregular

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

egg production: number <50% of expected


pronotum surface irregular


larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

abdomen segment number decreased

head appendages sometimes partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult colour darker

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult cuticle darker


pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva lethality


ovariole not present

just a small remnant of some ovarioles is left, terminal filaments are there

elytra wing veins slightly pattern irregular

elytra slightly surface irregular

elytra blistered

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

thorax & abdomen dorsal not closed

abdomen everted (inside-out)

larva everted (inside-out)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

urogomphi distal colour darker

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


elytra slightly partially blistered


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

procephalic head not present

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality


oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median slightly broader

larva lethality

larval musculature ventral partially not present

Dorsal musculature seems to be less affected.

larval musculature lateral partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

head appendages partially sometimes not present

thorax dorsal not closed

thorax segment dorsal partially fused

head decreased

larva dorsal not closed

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not completely molted

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality

abdomen dorsal not closed

hindgut number increased

hindgut protruding

pygopodium mostly not present

abdomen segmentation/division irregular

urogomphi number increased

abdomen segment number increased

Two posterior termini (marked by urogomphi) are present with the hindgut often protruding. The segments in between have abdominal identity and may be part of two opposing abdomina. Segmentation is generally disturbed.

thorax not present

head not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality early (L5/6)


adult lethality immediately after eclosion

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

larval musculature sometimes partially not present

larval musculature sometimes thinner

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

legs shortened

wings size decreased

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

female genital lobes orientation irregular

legs sometimes shape irregular

legs sometimes shortened

eyes slightly shape irregular

dorsal part seems to be smaller

antenna shortened

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

female genital lobes shortened

wings shortened

head orientation irregular

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

ovary size decreased

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

egg chamber number decreased

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

wings not closed

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

wings shortened

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

yolk pattern irregular

egg chamber sometimes structure irregular

ovary size decreased

adult lethality

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands shape irregular

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

abdominal odoriferous glands size decreased

abdominal odoriferous glands irregular

prothoracic odoriferous glands potentially irregular

head posterior potentially surface irregular

Animals show a ring, a collar of flour around their posterior head at the border to the pronotum. Maybe due to altered secretion of prothoracic stink glands!?

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality

tropharium size decreased

egg chamber not present

ovary size decreased


adult lethality

adult lethality

prosternum posterior decreased

metasternum orientation irregular

pronotum surface irregular

elytra proximal potentially blistered

elytra proximal shape rounded

elytra partially blistered

hindwing folding irregular

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

elytra dorsal not closed

gula surface irregular

adult lethality

elytra proximal blistered

procephalic head slightly thinner

the head just posterior to the labrum is not as broad as usual

pupa slightly size decreased

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

head decreased

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

larva lethality late (L7)

all animals died shortly after/during a molt

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

egg size decreased

tropharium structure irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber early degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly not present

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

abdomen gin-trap setae not present

abdomen seta dorsal not present

pupa bristle number decreased


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

ovary size decreased

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

yolk partially structure irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber potentially degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

abdomen tergum surface irregular

number of sensory organs slightly decreased

pronotum surface irregular

number of sensory organs decreased


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs potentially shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

tropharium structure irregular

egg chamber not present

adult lethality

egg chamber potentially degenerated

egg chamber mostly not present

tropharium potentially degenerated

ovary shape irregular

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

larva segment partially not present

larval musculature partially not present

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


legs slightly shortened

legs slightly orientation irregular

larva lethality

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

head appendages random partially not present

Procephalic head is often not present.

abdomen segment number decreased

legs partially sometimes not present

head decreased

larva random constricted

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber early degenerated

ovary size decreased

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

abdominal odoriferous glands content fragmented


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

abdominal odoriferous glands shape irregular

elytra symmetry decreased

elytra shape irregular

larva lethality

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


female genital lobes orientation irregular

wings partially potentially necrotic

legs orientation irregular

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not completely molted

urogomphi orientation irregular

wings shortened

pupa slightly shape irregular

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larval musculature sometimes partially thinner

larval musculature sometimes partially not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality early (L5/6)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


elytra partially blistered

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

wings slightly dorsal not closed

adult lethality

labrum size decreased

mandible potentially transformed

mandible not present

maxilla number increased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva segment sometimes partially not present

cuticle everted (inside-out)

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands irregular

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

legs podomer potentially fused

abdomen segment number decreased

legs shortened

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva cuticle thinner

larva partially not present

larva seta thinner

larva bristle thinner

Bristles are only visible in higher magnifications

larva cuticle potentially thinner

larva everted (inside-out)

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature slightly thinner

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

very few

egg production: number <50% of expected


tropharium shortened

vitellogenic egg chamber mostly fused

vitellogenic egg chamber shape irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late number decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber potentially not present

vitellarium size decreased

egg shell potentially decreased

egg shape irregular

Particle size of the whole clutch is smaller than usual. Eggs seem to be there, but they appear dried out.

egg production: number

egg number is questionable

elytra distal slightly colour darker

larva lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg chamber partially fused

egg chamber partially degenerated

mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

mature egg deposition 2 >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg chamber slightly number decreased

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

egg chamber number decreased

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly not present

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva cuticle thinner

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature potentially degenerated

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

head partially not present

larva appendages shape irregular

usually the head appendages and the prothoracic legs are affected

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

very few

adult lethality


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

about 60-70% ?

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva appendages shape irregular

larva appendages shortened

larva shape irregular

thorax & abdomen partially dorsal not closed

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

head capsule size decreased

abdomen segment number decreased

head shape irregular

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

about 50%

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

metathoracic leg femur shortened

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

metathoracic leg femur shape irregular

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

wings slightly shape irregular

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


larva lethality

adult lethality


ovariole not present

Just 2 or 3 epithelial pockets are visible where one would expect the half ovaries. No terminal filaments or any other ovariole-specific structures are visible. No signs of true lateral oviducts are detectable.

ovary size decreased

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median sometimes split

egg chamber not present

adult lethality

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

larva cuticle mostly not present

larva cuticle thinner

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature partially degenerated

larval musculature thinner

larval musculature partially not present

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

ovary without detectable defects

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

head appendages position irregular

larva appendages partially irregular

head appendages sometimes fused

head shape irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

abdominal odoriferous glands content not present

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


antenna distal sometimes not present

legs distal sometimes colour lighter

legs tarsus distal sometimes not present

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

elytra dorsal not closed

antenna distal sometimes colour lighter

adult lethality

adult lethality


antenna distal sometimes not present

legs distal sometimes colour lighter

elytra dorsal not closed

antenna distal sometimes colour lighter

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

head partially not present

head & thorax partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs potentially shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

egg chamber potentially degenerated

egg chamber mostly not present

tropharium potentially degenerated

ovary shape irregular

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pronotum surface irregular

sensory organ distribution is irregular, some patches without any sensory organs

adult cuticle colour darker

larva lethality

larva cuticle thinner

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

most of the embryos seem to die during late embryonic development. for  many of them ist is not clearly visible if they already secrete a  cuticle.

larval musculature partially spotted

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature thinner

larval musculature potentially fluorescence decreased

fluorescence is lower, either due to not fully developed musculature or to lethality

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

very few

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

two or three of the beetles look like they were severly damaged by the injection process

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva appendages size decreased

larva appendages shape irregular

larva dorsal not closed

head capsule shape irregular

head capsule size decreased

head & thorax partially not present

abdomen segmentation/division increased

the abdominal segment bounderies are more prominent than normal

head partially not present

thorax & abdomen partially circumference decreased

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larval musculature pattern irregular

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

scutellum slightly irregular

elytra surface irregular

elytra dorsal not closed

abdominal segment 7 sternum surface irregular

mesonotum surface with protrusion

the developing scutellum is bulged

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

tropharium structure irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly not present

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

egg chamber number decreased

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

head capsule size decreased

abdomen segment number decreased

thorax & abdomen partially not present

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

larva appendages irregular

larva appendages shortened

thoracic legs seem to be more affected than head appendages

posterior terminus sometimes remaining

head shape irregular

larva dorsal not closed

head sometimes partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber stage sequence irregular

mature egg not present

vitellogenic egg chamber not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

posterior terminus irregular

legs distal sometimes not present

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment number decreased

legs podomer partially potentially fused

legs pretarsus not present

larva potentially dorsal not closed

in many cases difficult to see, because far most larvae lie on their sides. but most of the larvae where it is possible to see show show dorsal closure defects.

abdomen tracheal opening sometimes size increased

mesothoracic tracheal opening size increased

larva dorsal bent

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature mostly fluorescence not present

larval musculature potentially partially degenerated

larval musculature partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

very, very few

adult lethality

egg chamber stage sequence irregular

egg chamber shape rounded

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber shape irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber orientation irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber number decreased

mature egg not present

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

posterior terminus irregular

legs distal sometimes not present

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment number decreased

legs pretarsus not present

larva potentially dorsal not closed

larva dorsal bent

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

very, very few

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality

posterior terminus irregular

legs distal sometimes not present

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment number decreased

legs pretarsus not present

larva potentially dorsal not closed

larva dorsal bent

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

very, very few

adult lethality

head appendages random not present

abdomen segment number decreased

legs podomer shortened

head capsule mostly not present

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

posterior terminus irregular

legs distal sometimes not present

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment number decreased

legs podomer partially potentially fused

legs pretarsus not present

larva potentially dorsal not closed

abdomen tracheal opening sometimes size increased

mesothoracic tracheal opening size increased

larva dorsal bent

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature mostly fluorescence not present

larval musculature potentially partially degenerated

larval musculature partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

very, very few

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna orientation bent

larva lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber stage sequence irregular

mature egg not present

vitellogenic egg chamber not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

posterior terminus irregular

legs distal sometimes not present

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment number decreased

legs pretarsus not present

larva potentially dorsal not closed

larva dorsal bent

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

very, very few

adult lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

vitellogenic egg chamber shape rounded

previtellogenic egg chamber mostly not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

egg chamber stage sequence irregular

egg chamber shape rounded

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber shape irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber orientation irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber number decreased

mature egg not present

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva segment partially not present

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

about 50%


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs tarsomere potentially fused

antenna

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

legs distal necrotic

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

2 of the 4 pupae were more or less cannibalized and so not fully analyzable

wings shortened

head orientation irregular

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

prothoracic odoriferous glands partially content darker

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content darker

abdominal odoriferous glands colour irregular

colour red

egg chamber mostly not present

adult lethality

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva dorsal not closed

head capsule size decreased

abdomen partially constricted

head shape irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

vitellogenic egg chamber late number increased

vitellogenic egg chamber partially degenerated

ovaries look like potential held-eggs

vitellogenic egg chamber late rounded

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellogenic egg chamber degenerated

egg chamber number decreased

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber late sometimes degenerated

abdominal odoriferous glands content not present

odoriferous glands partially content darker

vitellogenic egg chamber late number decreased

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median slightly thinner

wings slightly shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


intercoxal process A3 position dorsalized

intercoxal process T3 slightly shortened

elytra slightly surface irregular

slightly wrinkled

larva lethality

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

eyes colour irregular

some of the usually black appearing outer ommatidia lack color

elytra distal orientation irregular

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

wings shortened

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva lethality

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

egg chamber shape irregular

yolk structure irregular

at least the black content of the prothoracic glands can be emitted (see left animal)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

larva cuticle thinner

abdomen partially not present

larva appendages shortened

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


egg chamber not present

tropharium size decreased

in 2 of 3 cases the remaining tropharia seemed to be devoid of any germ-line sells

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

abdominal odoriferous glands content not present

ovary size decreased

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality

urogomphi irregular

mesothoracic tracheal opening size increased

larva appendages shortened

larval musculature pattern irregular

there were only two embryos on the slide

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

tropharium slightly shape irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

very few

egg production: number <50% of expected

very few

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

head partially not present

antenna not present

antenna shortened

antenna irregular

antenna can be malformed, shortened or bent. flagellum is very often missing. mandibles can also be missing in rare cases.

abdomen partially not present

head shape irregular

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature pattern irregular

larval musculature partially random not present

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

larva sometimes everted (inside-out)

legs sometimes number decreased

thorax & abdomen sometimes not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

head partially not present

antenna not present

antenna shortened

antenna irregular

abdomen partially not present

head shape irregular

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber structure irregular

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

gula surface irregular

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


larva lethality


larva lethality

head appendages shortened

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

adult lethality


head and leg defects cannot be accurately scored because of the metamorphosis block related irregularities

wings blistered

some show blisters, not present in pupal stage

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as pupa)

wings shape irregular

maxillary palp slightly size increased

wings median blistered

more proximal blister looks like in the hindwing

wings distal blistered

blisters are at defined positions and of similar size

elytra anterior rim broader

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles need term slightly shortened

legs orientation irregular

probably secondary effect

antenna orientation irregular

probably secondary effect

pupal molt not completely molted

elytra shape irregular

wing margin shape irregular

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs orientation irregular

elytra partially distal blistered

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles potentially shortened

elytra shortened

antenna orientation irregular

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

legs pretarsus bent

legs tibiotarsus potentially fused

legs femur potentially fused

legs slightly shortened

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

legs trochanter size decreased

legs pretarsus position irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

Just 8 larvae on slide, but all show the leg phenotype.

egg production: number <50% of expected

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

Dead animals lost.

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

adult lethality

adult lethality

Dead animals lost.

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

wings partially not present

potentially due to cannibalism and dryout

legs potentially shortened

legs potentially shape irregular

difficult to analyze because animals were dead for a while and dried out

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

wings shortened

antenna shortened

head & thorax colour spotted

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

egg chamber structure irregular

egg chamber mostly decreased

adult lethality


adult lethality

tropharium size decreased

egg chamber mostly not present

wings dorsal not closed

previtellogenic egg chamber pattern irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

ovary size decreased


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head appendages random not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

posterior terminus shape irregular

posterior terminus not present

abdomen segment shape irregular

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

abdomen segment random number decreased

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva appendages shape irregular

larva appendages shortened

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva lethality

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


ovariole not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

elytra distal colour decreased

wings slightly dv-orientation irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


flagellomeres slightly number decreased

elytra blistered

flagellomeres shape irregular

wings potentially shortened

wings dv-orientation irregular

head slightly orientation irregular

elytra blistered

legs tibia slightly broader

legs femur broader

funicle shortened

legs tarsomere sometimes number decreased

legs tarsomere sometimes shortened

elytra dorsal not closed

flagellomeres number decreased

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

tropharium sometimes shape irregular

egg chamber number decreased

egg chamber mostly not present

adult lethality

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

adult lethality

elytra distal colour lighter

elytra surface irregular

elytra dorsal not closed

hindwing folding irregular

elytra shortened

legs slightly shortened

prosternal process shortened

flagellomeres partially fused

prothorax slightly size decreased

antenna shortened

flagellomeres number decreased

legs slightly shortened

wings shortened

antenna shortened

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality


larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


abdominal odoriferous glands potentially content not present

in some glands, some small remnants of dark material are present

abdominal odoriferous glands size decreased

just 4 animals were dissected

prothoracic odoriferous glands potentially partially necrotic

prothoracic odoriferous glands partially colour darker

prothoracic odoriferous glands colour darker

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


darker color in one animals stink glands is a result of denaturation due to dissection buffer

abdomen slightly shortened

mesothoracic leg femur slightly shortened

elytra distal not closed

elytra shortened

wings shortened

antenna slightly orientation irregular

probably secondarily

head slightly orientation irregular

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

embryonic tissue strongly fragmented (crumbs)

serosa degenerated

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

tropharium irregular

egg chamber not present

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


tropharium size decreased

tropharium structure irregular

cells are smaller (not polyploid?!) and fewer

egg chamber not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

cuticle everted (inside-out)

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

Fluorescent spots/tube-like structure present.

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

larva random partially not present

larva dorsal not closed

larva everted (inside-out)

appendages sometimes partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larval musculature pattern irregular

ovary without detectable defects

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

adult lethality

legs shape irregular

head & thorax segment partially random not present

legs segment partially not present

head & thorax & abdomen segment partially random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality

head decreased

larva segment decreased

head partially remaining

cuticle remnants cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

adult lethality


larva lethality


larva lethality

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation but polarity

cuticle everted (inside-out)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

yolk fragmented

vitellogenic egg chamber degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber early shape irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

egg chamber not present

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

vitellogenic egg chamber size irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber shape irregular

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber late number decreased

ovary without detectable defects

adult lethality


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head appendages shape irregular

antenna antennal flagellum decreased

abdomen segment number decreased

head size decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

abdominal odoriferous glands partially not present

abdominal odoriferous glands content irregular

fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

abdominal odoriferous glands shape irregular

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

urogomphi proximal broader

pupa bristle sometimes elongated

especially the posterior and median gin trap seta, a dorsolateral bristle at the abdomen and bristles at the terminus

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands partially slightly colour darker

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

head partially decreased

thorax & abdomen & terminus segment partially number decreased


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

abdomen segment number decreased

head & thorax slightly decreased

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

abdomen segment number decreased

procephalic head irregular

larva random constricted

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

adult lethality

abdomen partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

hindgut protruding

cuticle potentially everted (inside-out)

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation but polarity

antenna not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

abdomen segment partially number decreased

head partially remaining

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


adult lethality

hindwing irregular

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

labrum ectopically present

procephalic appendages not present

head not present

head appendages shape irregular

abdomen segment number decreased

head partially decreased

larva random constricted

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


vitellarium degenerated

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellogenic egg chamber sometimes potentially degenerated

egg chamber number decreased

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands colour darker

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head appendages shortened

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larval musculature dorsal random not present

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg production: number <50% of expected


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg chamber shape irregular

egg chamber size irregular

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

ovary size decreased

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head complete not present

head capsule dorsal decreased

larval musculature pattern irregular


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva cuticle dorsal not closed

larva appendages shape irregular

larval musculature dorsal dorsoventral-axis irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


thorax & abdomen sticky

abdomen bristle partially not present

head bristle mostly decreased

larva lethality early (L5/6)

elytra surface irregular

hindwing irregular

elytra blistered

wings not closed

mature egg deposition 2 >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


vitellogenic egg chamber degenerated

adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg chamber shape irregular

egg chamber size decreased

egg chamber number increased

adult lethality


wings not closed

wings shortened

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva segmentation/division irregular

larva random constricted

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


elytra distal colour decreased

not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

ommatidia irregular

ommatidia irregular

eyes decreased

eyes decreased

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellogenic egg chamber late complete not present

previtellogenic egg chamber complete not present

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg chamber number decreased

egg chamber complete not present

ovary size decreased

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality


vitellarium decreased

ovary without detectable defects

adult lethality

eyes not present

wings shortened

antenna orientation irregular

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva segment partially random decreased

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

adult lethality

adult lethality


wings slightly shortened

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva everted (inside-out)

abdomen partially everted (inside-out)

larva cuticle bent

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature dorsal potentially pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

legs tarsus potentially fused

antenna shortened

eclosion not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

female genital lobes decreased

wings not closed

antenna shortened

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

abdomen partially remaining

head partially remaining

cuticle remnants cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva anterior partially decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

abdominal odoriferous glands content not present

egg chamber not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

wings orientation irregular

wings shortened

larva lethality early (L5/6)

tropharium structure irregular

ovary size decreased

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

adult lethality


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


wings potentially shortened

wings not closed

larva lethality early (L5/6)

tropharium irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

ovary without detectable defects

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands colour darker

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

egg chamber mostly not present

adult lethality

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)


not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not completely molted

larva lethality late (L7)

tropharium pattern irregular

egg chamber potentially fused

adult lethality

ovary potentially size decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber position irregular

previtellogenic egg chamber number increased

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

mature egg not present

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


adult lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber potentially degenerated

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not completely molted

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen segment number decreased

larva appendages slightly shortened

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


egg chamber number decreased

vitellarium irregular

Egg-chambers potentially fused (2 of 4

tropharium shortened

hindwing irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva ventral random not closed

larva ventral random not closed

mandible not present

labium not present

larva segment partially random decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

larva lethality early (L5/6)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality early (L5/6)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


club colour lighter

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality


odoriferous glands partially colour not present

odoriferous glands size decreased

vitellogenic egg chamber late sometimes number increased

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct:

tropharium size decreased

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

egg size decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)


adult lethality

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality

labium not present

thorax partially not present

thorax potentially fused

head partially not present

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

larval musculature fluorescence not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

abdominal odoriferous glands content darker

abdominal odoriferous glands content decreased

abdominal odoriferous glands size decreased

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

elytra not closed

wings shortened

larva lethality

head capsule mostly not present

head & thorax partially irregular

abdomen not present

larva partially dorsal not closed

head appendages shape irregular

head appendages orientation irregular

abdomen shortened

legs sometimes shape irregular

head appendages size decreased

thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality


larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

egg chamber complete not present

vitellarium shortened

vitellarium thinner

ovary size decreased

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

abdomen partially # of remaining segments  remaining

larva everted (inside-out)

only 4 larvae inside-outed on the slide

appendages partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

only 5 eggs with remnants on the slide

> 100 empty eggs on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva everted (inside-out)

only 4 larvae inside-outed on the slide

appendages partially remaining

only 5 eggs with remnants on the slide

> 100 empty eggs on slide

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna orientation bent

larva lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

vitellogenic egg chamber shape rounded

vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased

previtellogenic egg chamber mostly not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

adult lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

vitellogenic egg chamber potentially number increased

No. of nucleus has increased in vitellogenic & previtellogenic egg chamber.

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

abdominal odoriferous glands secretion color darker


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs segment distal potentially fused

abdomen segment number decreased

legs segment shortened

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality

abdominal odoriferous glands colour darker

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


abdominal odoriferous glands partially structure not present

abdominal odoriferous glands size increased

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

elytra dorsal not closed

larva lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

larva cuticle dorsal irregular

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

cuticle everted (inside-out)

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

100 % of the larvae were alive (muscles weak contracting), but not hatched (althogh muscle pattern looks as in wildtype larvae)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

No scorable phenotype!

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality