adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

head & thorax partially not present

larva dorsal not closed

appendages sometimes partially remaining

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

thorax & abdomen partially not present

larva dorsal not closed

larva appendages shape irregular

antenna shortened

head shape irregular

larva appendages shortened


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

adult lethality

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

head & thorax & abdomen segment shape irregular

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands partially colour darker

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

wings potentially slightly not closed

wings surface rough

wings not closed

wings potentially slightly shortened

larva lethality early (L5/6)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands content darker

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

head shape irregular

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

larva appendages shortened

larva appendages shape irregular

abdomen partially not present

head partially not present

thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

Maybe about 60%

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

antenna shape irregular

antenna irregular

antenna partially not present

head partially not present

head & thorax partially not present

larval musculature potentially degenerated

larval musculature not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

larva complete everted (inside-out)

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

mandible not present

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

larva lethality

head size decreased

thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

head shape irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 60%

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

head & thorax partially not present

labium not present

head shape irregular

The labium seems to be the most affected head part.

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

larval musculature partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

very few

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

adult lethality

wings orientation irregular

wings blistered

wings irregular

larva lethality early (L5/6)

vitellarium irregular

egg chamber potentially ectopically present

The egg chambers seem to be restricted to the anterior of the ovarioles. The vitellarium is usually empty.

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

ovary shape irregular

tropharium complete not present

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

antenna decreased

maxillary palp decreased

wings not present

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

Labium and T1 might be the most often affected segments.

posterior terminus sometimes partially remaining

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality

larva dorsal not closed

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


below the larval cuticle pupal (gin traps) and adult (abdominal sternites) structures are visible

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg chamber ectopically present

vitellarium mostly not present

tropharium sometimes slightly shortened

tropharium structure irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

legs shape irregular

abdomen partially not present

legs shortened

appendages sometimes partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

legs partially orientation irregular

head orientation irregular

larva lethality

egg chamber complete not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eyes surface opaque

the eyes are partially covered with a sheet exept for median line

wings ventral not closed

legs orientation irregular

wings orientation irregular

female genital lobes rounded

wings shortened

antenna orientation irregular

larva lethality

ovary without detectable defects

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

larva cuticularisation decreased

larva everted (inside-out)

larva appendages shape irregular

larva circumference irregular

larva shape irregular

legs shortened

larva dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly not present


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

larva lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%


abdominal odoriferous glands slightly content darker

pupa bristle thinner

pupa bristle shortened

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

egg potentially sticky

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

ovary without detectable defects

adult lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

some hatched Larvae, maybe between 50 and 60%

egg production: number >150% of expected

Probably more feces.

adult lethality


elytra blistered

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median ap-orientation irregular

elytra blistered

larva lethality

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands mostly content not present

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median slightly broader

larva lethality

larval musculature potentially degenerated

larval musculature partially not present

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

abdomen gin-traps orientation irregular

probably secondarily due to the swollen abdomen

hindwing proximal slightly blistered

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

abdomen circumference increased

dorsal thoracic muscles mostly not present

animals are about to die and muscles may be affected in this respect; musculature was imaged 1 d later than scheduled

elytra blistered

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

abdomen partially not present

abdomen partially constricted

abdomen partially everted (inside-out)

larva appendages shape irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

vitellogenic egg chamber late sometimes number increased

mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct:

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber potentially degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber partially structure irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late number decreased

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


abdominal odoriferous glands mostly content not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

ovipositor protruding

larva lethality

adult lethality

vertex triplet seta partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

legs shape irregular

legs shortened

antenna shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

tropharium structure irregular

vitellarium shortened

egg chamber mostly not present

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

legs pretarsus partially not present

larva appendages shortened

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult nutritional state

larva lethality

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


yolk shiny

not as opaque in lateral illumination as usual

yolk structure irregular

Yolk seems to be more granular than usual

yolk sometimes mostly not present

mature egg slightly size decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

yolk cells look slightly unusual. They appear to be a bit too transparent.

3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct:

yolk structure irregular

The yolk in the early vitellogenic egg chambers looks slightly irregular.

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

head appendages position irregular

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


larva lethality

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva appendages shape irregular

legs podomer potentially fused

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

thorax & abdomen partially not present

head & thorax partially not present

abdomen segment number decreased

legs sometimes shape irregular

head shape irregular

appendages random remaining

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


pupal molt not completely molted

larva lethality

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality


wings ectopically present

abdomen dorsal potentially necrotic

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna irregular

abdomen dorsal spotted

dark spots are located at/associated with the dorsal vessel, because they move following the contractions of the heart

legs irregular

female genital lobes not present

wings irregular

antenna shortened

The animals show an incomplete pupal molt in a phenotypic series, ranging from larvae with wing anlagen to nearly wildtypic pupae. Legs and antennae show intermediate phenotypes (shortened; partially larval, partially pupal like), wings are variably well developed and genital palps are only present in the most pupal-like animals.

egg chamber mostly not present

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva dorsal not closed

thorax & abdomen partially not present

abdomen segment number decreased

abdomen partially not present

legs shape irregular

appendages random remaining

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

head shape irregular

head partially not present

head size decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


adult lethality

elytra wing veins slightly irregular

pupa bristle number decreased

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

legs podomer potentially fused

legs tibiotarsus potentially swollen

abdomen partially not present

legs shape irregular

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

prosternal process slightly shortened

wings slightly shortened

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

vitellogenic egg chamber late sometimes number increased

vitellogenic egg chamber late sometimes rounded

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

egg production: number <50% of expected


previtellogenic egg chamber mostly not present

egg chamber number decreased

tropharium structure irregular

big vacuole-like structures in the posterior part, no nuclei visible in there

tropharium shape irregular

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

egg chamber not present

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

pronotum surface irregular

pronotum with several symmetric, distinct depressions

head dorsal posterior surface irregular

head with distinct depression

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

tropharium structure irregular

egg chamber number decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

wings potentially blistered

animals are dead, dried out and therefore not fully analyzable

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

tropharium structure irregular

egg chamber mostly not present

adult lethality

larva number hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

egg chamber mostly not present

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg chamber slightly number decreased

Very late vitellogenic egg chambers are mostly not present. But in general the ovaries look quite normal.

abdomen sometimes number decreased

thorax segment mostly number decreased

larva potentially everted (inside-out)

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva dorsal not closed

larva appendages shape irregular

abdomen partially not present

thorax & abdomen partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

larva lethality

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva appendages shortened

larva appendages shape irregular

abdomen segment number decreased

larva dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt not completely molted

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larva lethality


ovariole sometimes mostly not present

ovariole shape irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber early ectopically

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

vitellarium mostly not present

tropharium mostly not present

vitellogenic egg chamber early number increased

tropharium shape rounded

tropharium size decreased

ovariole mostly not present

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

elytra distal width decreased

wings shape irregular

elytra distal thinner

wings orientation irregular

wings slightly shortened

larva lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

animals cannibalized and not fully analyzable

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


ovariole shape irregular

one ovariole-like structure remains at each lateral oviduct, some cells are visible, but no typical ovariole structures are identifiable, some yolk might be localized in these structures

ovariole mostly not present

ovary size decreased

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

larva appendages shape irregular

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

previtellogenic egg chamber mostly not present

vitellogenic egg chamber late rounded

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

vitellogenic egg chamber late number increased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median slightly split

adult lethality


legs orientation irregular

wings ventral not closed

wings shortened

antenna shortened

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


prosternal process slightly shape thinner

prosternal process slightly size decreased

elytra wing veins decreased

wing veins are less prominent, fewer sensillae and their pattern is disturbed

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

female genital lobes rounded

head orientation irregular

legs femur shape irregular

legs orientation irregular

abdomen gin-traps shortened

elytra blistered

antenna orientation irregular

maxilla orientation irregular

legs trochanter size decreased

legs coxa size decreased

legs shortened

labium proximal decreased

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

leg musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

elytra not closed

elytra surface irregular

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality

head & thorax & abdomen segment number decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

larva median decreased

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)


adult lethality

head & thorax & abdomen random not present

abdomen partially shape irregular

larva partially dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

Around 30% of larvae are affected.

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva dorsal irregular

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

In strong cases head or thoracic segments are completely not present.

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

adult lethality

adult lethality


mature egg deposition 3 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


female genital lobes shortened

head appendages random position irregular

head appendages random shape irregular

head & thorax segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

adult lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

elytra not closed

female genital lobes rounded

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber late mostly not present

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eyes irregular

ommatidia number decreased

ommatidia partially fused

eyes size decreased

antenna orientation irregular

labial palp not fused

elytra shortened

head orientation irregular

egg chamber number decreased

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


elytra not closed

adult lethality

elytra elongated

adult lethality

previtellogenic egg chamber potentially not present

egg chamber potentially number decreased

adult lethality


larva lethality

egg chamber mostly not present


adult lethality

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)


egg chamber number decreased

egg chamber potentially fused

egg chamber shape irregular

adult lethality


larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

elytra surface irregular

elytra not closed

elytra shortened


adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

abdomen constricted

abdomen segment number decreased

urogomphi mostly not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs shortened

antenna orientation irregular

abdomen gin-traps size decreased

elytra shortened

labrum shortened

pupa bristle number decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


abdomen gin-traps shortened

elytra elongated

abdomen segment ventral ectopically structure

Each abdominal segment shows a pygopodium-like structure on the ventral side.

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

adult lethality


elytra orientation irregular

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

legs shortened

elytra blistered

antenna size shortened

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

elytra partially blistered

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality


elytra not closed

prosternal process potentially shortened

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

longitudinal dorsal thoracic muscles potentially irregular

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

elytra shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


oblique dorsal thoracic muscles median potentially broader

egg production: number <50% of expected


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

abdomen segment number decreased

posterior terminus shape irregular

abdomen irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

abdomen segment number decreased

posterior terminus shape irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content darker

abdominal odoriferous glands mostly content decreased

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

elytra partially blistered

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


urogomphi potentially structure multiplied

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


antenna shortened

antenna size shortened

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

elytra shortened

flagellomeres number decreased

labrum size decreased

legs shortened

antenna orientation irregular

female genital lobes slightly shortened

dorsal thoracic muscles irregular

Pupal musculature like that of a younger pupa. To be rechecked.

elytra shortened

labial palp not fused

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


antenna shortened

antenna size shortened

adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

elytra shortened

flagellomeres number decreased

labrum size decreased

legs shortened

antenna orientation irregular

female genital lobes slightly shortened

dorsal thoracic muscles irregular

elytra shortened

labial palp not fused

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

egg chamber not present

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

egg chamber not present

adult lethality


mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

abdomen segment potentially partially fused

abdomen segment shape irregular

abdomen segment slightly number decreased

antenna complete not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


ovariole number irregular

egg chamber number decreased

vertex triplet vertex triplet ventral potentially position irregular

vertex triplet vertex triplet ventral potentially not present

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

abdomen everted (inside-out)

legs shape irregular

abdomen dv-orientation irregular

abdomen circumference irregular

legs partially fused

The leg pairs are partially fused together, mostly affected is the metathoracic leg pair.

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


mature egg not present

To be repeated due to preparation errors.

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


mature egg not present

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

elytra size shortened

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality


mature egg not present

egg chamber partially not present

previtellogenic egg chamber late potentially not present

previtellogenic egg chamber early potentially not present

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

head orientation irregular

labial palp not fused

elytra shortened

thorax & abdomen partially not present

abdomen segment number decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg chamber not present

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

antenna sometimes necrotic

labrum shortened

antenna shortened

eyes necrotic

dorsal thoracic muscles mostly not present

No muscle pattern due to necrosis observed in pupa.

elytra elongated

head necrotic

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

thorax & abdomen segment random not present

abdomen circumference irregular

larva ventral potentially not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

hindwing slightly necrotic

elytra dorsal not closed

adult lethality

longitudinal dorsal thoracic muscles broader

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles potentially rounded

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles split

dorsal thoracic muscles fragmented

dorsal thoracic muscles irregular

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


elytra potentially surface irregular

elytra dorsal not closed

prosternal process potentially shortened

longitudinal dorsal thoracic muscles not present

Eye and mandible well-developed unlike muscle pattern.

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles shortened

vitellogenic egg chamber late number increased

lateral oviduct potentially irregular

mature egg deposition blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

Mature eggs seem to be stored in the egg chamber and not able to get into oviduct.Potentially held egg.

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva partially dorsal not closed

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

elytra not closed

elytra shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

tropharium potentially structure irregular

vitellogenic egg chamber late potentially degenerated

previtellogenic egg chamber late degenerated

previtellogenic egg chamber early not present

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


head orientation irregular

legs shortened

antenna shortened

labrum shortened

labial palp sometimes not fused

elytra not present

dorsal thoracic muscles irregular

antenna orientation irregular

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 4 5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality


mature egg not present

previtellogenic egg chamber not present

vitellogenic egg chamber not present

larva lethality

abdomen segment potentially fused

posterior terminus irregular

larva everted (inside-out)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

egg chamber mostly not present

egg chamber number decreased

adult lethality


legs podomer size shortened

head capsule not present

larva circumference irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

pygopodium not present

urogomphi not present

legs number increased

Mostly two additional pair of legs.

legs podomer shape rounded

head appendages shape rounded

head appendages size shortened

larva bristle random not present

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

abdomen number decreased


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

larva potentially everted (inside-out)

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

head & thorax & abdomen segment mostly partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality


vertex triplet vertex triplet posterior potentially not present

abdomen partially circumference irregular

head seta partially irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

egg chamber not present

adult lethality

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)


adult lethality

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


elytra sometimes blistered

elytra shortened

adult lethality


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles shortened

longitudinal dorsal thoracic muscles sometimes irregular

longitudinal dorsal thoracic muscles median thinner

dorsal thoracic muscles thinner

oblique dorsal thoracic muscles distal orientation irregular

adult lethality


fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

female genital lobes slightly shortened

head & thorax segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

elytra shortened

adult lethality

wings size decreased

larva lethality late (L7)

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality


adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


elytra shortened


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

elytra dorsal not closed

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


elytra need term surface irregular

legs colour lighter

legs tibia sometimes not present

legs tarsus sometimes not present

antenna distal colour lighter

larva lethality


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


elytra dorsal not closed

elytra blistered


adult lethality

larva lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)


adult lethality


elytra dorsal not closed

hindwing necrotic

elytra surface irregular

labrum size decreased

mandible potentially transformed

mandible not present

maxilla number increased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


pupal molt not completely molted

pupal molt delayed (still prepupa)


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva segment number decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

club partially fused

scutellum flattened

wings not closed

flagellomeres number decreased

wings orientation irregular

wings shortened

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva partially ventral not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

vitellarium shortened

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)


larva lethality early (L5/6)

larva partially everted (inside-out)

larva everted (inside-out)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

prothoracic odoriferous glands darker

adult lethality


larva lethality early (L5/6)

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

larva lethality

posterior terminus present

abdomen segment number decreased

antenna not present

head & thorax & abdomen segment number decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

motility decreased

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

lateral oviduct irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


mesobasisternum shape irregular

mesothorax coxa orientation irregular

the coxae and the posterior mesobasisternum are slightly extruding to the ventral side, making the posterior process of the mesobasisternum being disconnected from the T3-intercoxal process

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

labrum size decreased

abdomen posterior everted (inside-out)

antenna everted (inside-out)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality early (L5/6)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50%

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva lethality

larva segment partially not present

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

abdominal odoriferous glands less secretion


larva lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs


larva lethality late (L7)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


mesothoracic leg tarsomere number decreased

gena size decreased

eyes shape irregular

prothoracic leg tarsomere number decreased

flagellomeres number decreased

urogomphi distal colour darker

posterior terminus potentially partially cuticularisation accelerated

posterior terminus partially colour darker

gena size decreased

eyes shape irregular

eyes potentially size decreased

female genital lobes rounded

wings shortened

elytra potentially slightly blistered

pupa bristle potentially number decreased

female genital lobes size decreased

elytra surface irregular

surface smoothened, wing veins missing

wings orientation irregular

antenna shortened

pupa seta thinner

and the cuticular structures at the bristle/seta base is smaller

abdomen gin-traps mostly not present

dorsal thoracic muscles potentially number increased

maybe the inner oblique muscles and the longitudinal muscles are just split

legs orientation irregular

head orientation irregular

pupa bristle thinner

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

larva lethality

larva segment partially not present

larva appendages shortened

thorax & abdomen segment dorsal potentially fused

abdomen posterior circumference decreased

head appendages random partially not present

thorax & abdomen dorsal not closed

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


mandible size decreased

eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed)

legs tibia potentially fused

legs femur potentially fused

legs coxa not present

legs tibia shortened

legs femur shortened

mandible size decreased

mandible distal not present

legs tibia shortened

female genital lobes mostly not present

legs femur shortened

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa)

pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa)

larva lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

egg production: number no/almost no eggs


abdominal odoriferous glands need term content decreased

abdominal odoriferous glands partially content darker

adult lethality

abdomen partially remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

labrum size decreased

mandible potentially transformed

mandible not present

maxilla number increased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


elytra dorsal not closed

elytra surface irregular

pupal molt not fulfilled (died with pupal and larval features)

abdomen posterior orientation irregular

posterior right side twisted dorsally

elytra shortened

adult lethality immediately after eclosion

larva lethality late (L7)

pronotum slightly anteroposterior-axis shortened

head slightly orientation irregular

head size decreased

wings orientation irregular

wings shortened

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

abdomen posterior circumference decreased

abdomen everted (inside-out)

larva appendages shape irregular

abdomen posterior partially everted (inside-out)

larva appendages shortened

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

There is a small number of some other defects such as whole larvae inside-out, cuticle crumbs, thorax dorsal not closed.

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult nutritional state

eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

thorax partially not present

abdomen decreased

thorax irregular

head complete not present

head & thorax partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


abdominal odoriferous glands mostly content not present

fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring)

abdominal odoriferous glands content not present

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

motility decreased

beetles tend to lie ventral side up, fall easily and hardly can turn round

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

motility decreased

larva lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality late (L7)

larva lethality

vitellogenic egg chamber late not present

ovary size decreased

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

larva lethality late (L7)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

all partially cannibalized, no exact examination possible

elytra blistered

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

adult lethality

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg production: number <50% of expected


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

pupal molt delayed (still larva)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg production: number <50% of expected

gena triplet gena triplet dorsal number increased

vertex triplet vertex triplet posterior not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


larva lethality


larva lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


eclosion delayed (still pupa)

larva lethality

larva segment partially not present

head appendages random partially not present

larva partially everted (inside-out)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

previtellogenic egg chamber partially not present

vitellogenic egg chamber complete not present

tropharium degenerated

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


adult lethality

adult lethality


abdomen segment number decreased

thorax segment number decreased

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


abdomen musculature partially not present

larval musculature differentiation incomplete

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


abdomen bristle dorsal partially not present

dorsal ridge row partially not present

Maxilla escort bristles are sometimes partially missing

head bristle pattern irregular

thorax & abdomen bristle partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen musculature partially irregular

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number >150% of expected

Maybe more feces than usual

Potentially higher amount of feces leading to increased volume in well.


adult lethality


larva mostly everted (inside-out)

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


leg musculature femural musculature mostly not present

the muscles in the coxa are present in all cases

leg musculature tb1-ptar1 not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


larval musculature slightly fluorescence decreased

adult lethality


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

head partially remaining

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature fluorescence not present

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


adult lethality


posterior terminus not present

abdomen mostly not present

metathorax not present

thorax & abdomen partially not present

larval musculature irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


head partially everted (inside-out)

larva complete everted (inside-out)

adult lethality


cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larval musculature irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


thorax & abdomen & terminus partially not present

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


egg chamber ectopically present

tropharium partially degenerated

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

antenna sometimes remaining

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


thorax & abdomen segment partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


abdomen segment number decreased

thorax segment number decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature ventral thinner

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head size decreased

head appendages partially not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head & thorax & abdomen segment number decreased


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

adult lethality


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

thorax & abdomen segment number decreased

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected


abdomen complete not present

abdomen partially constricted

abdomen partially not present

metathorax not present

labrum bent

larval musculature irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


abdomen not present

abdomen segment number decreased

metathorax not present

head mostly remaining

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


head complete not present

head & thorax partially not present

cuticle remnants

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

head partially remaining

larval musculature irregular

adult lethality


larval musculature fluorescence decreased


cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

thorax & abdomen & terminus segment mostly number decreased

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality


head & thorax not present

larva cuticle dorsal irregular

larva appendages rounded

appendages sometimes partially remaining

abdomen segment number decreased

larva appendages shortened

posterior terminus remaining

larval musculature irregular


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen constricted

abdomen segment number decreased

abdomen segment anterior potentially not present

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

thorax & abdomen partially not present

larval musculature irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


legs podomer potentially fused

legs shape irregular

abdomen posterior constricted

abdomen partially not present

thorax partially not present

Many cases where meso- and metathorax seem to be absent, while the prothorax is still present.

thorax & abdomen partially not present

larval musculature partially ectopically present

larval musculature irregular

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

legs shortened

abdomen segment number decreased

legs irregular

head partially not present

larval musculature partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen segment number decreased

larva appendages shortened

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen segment number decreased

legs podomer potentially fused

head & thorax partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

vitellogenic egg chamber late number increased

The "held egg" ovary also showed the accumulation of potentially mature eggs in some of the ovarioles

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 5 >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva complete circumference irregular

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


head sometimes partially remaining

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdomen segment number decreased

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


abdomen segment number decreased

thorax segment number decreased

head appendages random partially not present

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


abdomen segment number decreased

thorax segment number decreased

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

head & thorax & abdomen segment number decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

abdomen not present

metathorax not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

adult lethality


adult lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

antenna sometimes present

labrum present

abdomen segment partially present

thorax segment partially not present

maxilla present

larva segment partially present

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation but polarity

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality

mature egg deposition 2 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

egg production: number no/almost no eggs


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva posterior partially not present

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:


cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larva anterior partially decreased

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva segment partially random not present

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


adult lethality


abdomen partially everted (inside-out)

thorax partially remaining

abdomen segment number decreased

head remaining

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality immediately after eclosion

pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

adult lethality


larva dorsal not closed

abdomen segment sometimes potentially fused

larva segment sometimes partially not present

abdomen segment number decreased

head appendages sometimes partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

abdominal odoriferous glands shape irregular

abdominal odoriferous glands content decreased

abdominal odoriferous glands anterior partially content darker

odoriferous glands colour darker

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

adult lethality


larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

egg chamber sometimes fused

ovary without detectable defects

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

about 50-60%

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva constricted

thorax & abdomen partially not present

about 30%

abdomen segment number decreased

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

larval musculature potentially partially degenerated

larval musculature partially not present

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

about 50%


mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 4 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

egg production: number <50% of expected

almost exactly 50%

adult lethality


labrum irregular

about 50-60%

labrum split

labrum position irregular

head irregular

procephalic head mostly not present

larva constricted

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

maybe about 50%

adult lethality


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

serosa degenerated

embryonic tissue strongly fragmented (crumbs)

adult lethality


head partially not present

prothorax not present

head irregular

head & thorax partially not present

bristle remaining

cuticle remnants without visible segmentation, differentiation or axis

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

probably about 50 or 60%


legs shape irregular

head shape irregular

labrum position irregular

larva partially fragmented

larva constricted

in most but not all cases the anterior abdomen is constricted.

abdomen segment number decreased

legs sometimes shortened

antenna antennal flagellum not present

larval musculature pattern irregular

larval musculature fluorescence decreased

embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched


cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

larva partially everted (inside-out)

head partially remaining

egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


adult lethality


head partially remaining

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


larva segment random not present

legs shortened

head & thorax & abdomen partially not present

cuticle random remaining

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized


larva appendages shape irregular

larva dorsal bent

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


larva segment not present

abdomen segment number decreased

legs partially shortened

in most cases the metathoracic legs are shortened

larva constricted

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number no/almost no eggs

adult lethality


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

egg chamber not present

labrum size decreased

mandible potentially transformed

mandible not present

maxilla number increased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva everted (inside-out)

larva partially everted (inside-out)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

abdominal odoriferous glands colour darker

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected


head seta partially irregular

head capsule potentially decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

ovary swollen

adult nutritional state potentially bad (cachectic)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality

egg chamber degenerated

vitellogenic egg chamber shape rounded

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected


posterior terminus not present

abdomen segment random number decreased

head & thorax & abdomen random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


larva partially dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


head & thorax partially irregular

Defects potentially due to: partially dorsal not closed.

larva partially dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

eclosion

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality

adult lethality


head & thorax & abdomen shape irregular

legs shape irregular

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


adult lethality

mature egg deposition >5 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:


larva dorsal partially not closed

head & thorax & abdomen segment partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


abdominal odoriferous glands potentially content not present

abdominal odoriferous glands content darker

mandible not present

legs pretarsus shape broader

legs shape irregular

mandible decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

abdominal odoriferous glands darker

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)


larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


adult lethality


adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 2 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

adult lethality

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


head & thorax & abdomen appendages random shape irregular

cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments

embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva potentially dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


mandible segment not present

labium segment not present

maxilla segment not present

labrum shape irregular

antenna shape irregular

metathorax segment not present

prothorax segment not present

abdomen number decreased

thorax segment number decreased

gnathum segment not present

head & thorax segment partially not present

Generally, Antenna with some shape irregularity is present . Most of the time labrum like structure is also present.Genrally, prothorax segment is absent but sometimes both prothorax & metathorax segments are absent. Sometimes legs structure are irregular.

cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

thorax musculature not present

head musculature not present

larval musculature mostly not present

larval musculature random pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


head & thorax irregular

head appendages partially not present

abdomen segment number decreased

abdomen irregular

head capsule decreased

head & thorax partially not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

vertex triplet anterior not present

head appendages orientation irregular

antenna shape irregular

labrum size decreased

labrum not present

head shape irregular

head size decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue potentially present, no cuticle, no fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


larva partially dorsal not closed

head segment random not present

head & thorax segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

adult lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

ovary without detectable defects

mature egg deposition 3 blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: number 2nd lateral oviduct:

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


larval musculature fluorescence decreased

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


legs tibiotarsus size decreased

Femur and tibiotarsus potentially fused.

legs femur size decreased

legs tibiotarsus shape irregular

antenna flagellum not present

legs femur shape irregular

antenna pedicellus not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected


head & thorax & abdomen shape irregular

head appendages random not present

head & thorax & abdomen segment random not present

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality


abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present

adult lethality

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


affected eggs/embryos/larvae

embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features)

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


posterior terminus irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched many (ca. 70-100 %)


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


egg production: number <50% of expected

adult lethality


adult lethality


vertex triplet vertex triplet ventral not present

antenna antennal flagellum not present

head appendages shape irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

ovary without detectable defects

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number <50% of expected

egg production: number no/almost no eggs


adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)

adult lethality

adult lethality

eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa)


embryo/egg with muscle fluorescence/pattern, but not hatched (pot. late embryonic lethality)

affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide

adult lethality


head not present

procephalic head not present

antenna not present

adult lethality

adult lethality immediately after eclosion


embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation


embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence

larval musculature pattern irregular

embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)


larva partially dorsal not closed

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larval musculature pattern irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number few (< 50 %) hatched

Defects potentially due to problems with dorsal closure.Head is more often affected than thorax.

head appendages shape irregular

larva everted (inside-out)

head appendages orientation irregular


larval musculature irregular

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


adult lethality

adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


The head is more often affected than thorax.

affected eggs/embryos/larvae


adult lethality

ovary without detectable defects

egg chamber degenerated


adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality

adult lethality


adult lethality

adult nutritional state bad (cachectic)

adult lethality


adult lethality

affected eggs/embryos/larvae

larva number hatched none (< 10 %)