Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031545
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC010765 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007416.3: 4938956..4941736
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031545
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_10954

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Adult morphology
    abdominal odoriferous glands potentially content darker - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (13 dpi)
    Days post injection


    Fertility
    eggs lost during procedure: potentially due to defects in egg-shells egg-morphology or egg-size, (13 dpi)eggs lost during procedure: potentially due to defects in egg-shells egg-morphology or egg-size, (14 dpi) mature egg deposition blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: 4 number 2nd lateral oviduct: 3 - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3
    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20 embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20
     embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031545 RA
      MFSWLTRDN NKTEVYENV VEGLKTIYK NKLLPLEQH 
YQFHDFHSP QLEDSDFDA KPMILLVGQ YSTGKTTFI 
KYLLERDFP GIRIGPEPT TDRFIAVMY DDKEGIIPG 
NALVVDPKR QFRPLGKFG NAFLNRLQC SLVNSPVLQ 
NISIIDTPG ILSGEKQRV DRGYDFTGV LEWFAERVD 
RIILLFDAH KLDISDEFR RSIEALRGH DDKIRIVLN 
KADMIDHQQ LMRVYGALM WSLGKVLQT PEVARVYIG 
SFWDQPLRY DVNRRLFED EKQDLFKDL QSLPRNAAL 
RKLNDLIKR ARLAKVHAY IISELRKEM PSVFGKDSK 
KKELIKSLG AIYERLQKE HQISPGDFP EIKKMQEIL 
ANQDFTKFH PLKPKLLEI VDRMLADDI ANLMAKIPL 
EEVNNTETT GNVKGGAFV NVEDTVSPF GYKKGEGID 
AGAGEIDWI VNREKAKYD QIFDQIASA DGKVTGMAA 
KSEMVKSKL PNSVLSKIW KLADVDKDG MLDNEEFAL 
AMHLINIKI DGNDLPSEL PNHLLPPSK R
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031545 RA
      atgtttagt tggttaaca agagacaat aataaaacc 
gaagtgtac gaaaatgtg gtcgaagga cttaagacc 
atttacaaa aataagcta ttgcctttg gagcagcat 
tatcagttc cacgacttt cactcgccc cagcttgag 
gattccgac ttcgatgcg aagccgatg atactatta 
gttggtcag tattcaacc ggaaagact acgtttatc 
aaatacctc ctcgagcga gacttcccg gggatccgg 
atcgggccc gagcccacc acagacagg ttcatagct 
gttatgtac gacgataag gagggaata atcccaggg 
aatgccctc gtcgtcgac cccaaaaga cagttccgg 
ccgctcggc aagttcggg aacgccttc ctgaaccgc 
ctgcaatgc tccctggtc aactccccg gtcctgcag 
aacatttcc atcatcgac acccccggg atcctctcc 
ggggagaag cagcgcgtc gaccgaggc tacgacttc 
acgggggtc ctggagtgg ttcgccgag agggtggac 
aggataatc ctgctgttt gacgctcac aaattggac 
atatctgac gaattcagg cgttcaatt gaagccttg 
cgtgggcat gatgacaaa atccggatt gttcttaac 
aaggctgat atgattgac caccagcag ctcatgcgg 
gtctacgga gcgctgatg tggtcccta ggcaaagtc 
ctgcaaacc cccgaagtc gccagagtc tacatcggc 
tctttctgg gaccaaccg ctccgctac gacgtcaat 
cgacggctg ttcgaagac gagaagcag gatttattc 
aaagactta cagtctctg cccaggaac gccgctctg 
cgaaaactt aacgactta atcaagcgg gcgagactg 
gccaaagtg cacgcctac atcatctcc gagcttcgc 
aaggaaatg ccctccgtc tttggcaag gactcgaaa 
aagaaagaa ctgatcaag agtctaggg gcgatctat 
gaaaggctg caaaaggag caccagatt tcgcccggg 
gatttcccc gaaattaag aaaatgcaa gagatttta 
gccaatcaa gacttcacc aagttccac cccctcaag 
cctaaactg ctggaaatc gtcgatcgg atgctagcc 
gacgatatc gctaatctg atggcgaaa ataccattg 
gaggaagtc aataatacc gaaacaacg ggcaatgtc 
aaaggtggg gcctttgtt aacgtggag gacaccgtg 
tcaccgttt gggtacaaa aagggagaa gggattgat 
gccggagcc ggcgaaatt gactggatc gtcaatagg 
gaaaaggcg aaatacgac caaattttc gatcaaatt 
gccagcgct gatggcaaa gtcacagga atggctgcg 
aaatccgaa atggttaag tcgaagctg cccaattcc 
gtgttgagt aagatatgg aagctggcc gatgttgat 
aaagacgga atgttggat aatgaggag ttcgcacta 
gcaatgcac ttgataaac ataaaaatc gacggaaac 
gatttacca tcagaatta ccaaatcac ctattacca 
ccatcaaaa cgttaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031545 RA
      gtagagata tgtcactcc gcccgttta gagagcatt 
tcaagttat ttattagtt aagcagtgg tataacctg 
tgtcaaaat gtttagttg gttaacaag agacaataa 
taaaaccga agtgtacga aaatgtggt cgaaggact 
taagaccat ttacaaaaa taagctatt gcctttgga 
gcagcatta tcagttcca cgactttca ctcgcccca 
gcttgagga ttccgactt cgatgcgaa gccgatgat 
actattagt tggtcagta ttcaaccgg aaagactac 
gtttatcaa atacctcct cgagcgaga cttcccggg 
gatccggat cgggcccga gcccaccac agacaggtt 
catagctgt tatgtacga cgataagga gggaataat 
cccagggaa tgccctcgt cgtcgaccc caaaagaca 
gttccggcc gctcggcaa gttcgggaa cgccttcct 
gaaccgcct gcaatgctc cctggtcaa ctccccggt 
cctgcagaa catttccat catcgacac ccccgggat 
cctctccgg ggagaagca gcgcgtcga ccgaggcta 
cgacttcac gggggtcct ggagtggtt cgccgagag 
ggtggacag gataatcct gctgtttga cgctcacaa 
attggacat atctgacga attcaggcg ttcaattga 
agccttgcg tgggcatga tgacaaaat ccggattgt 
tcttaacaa ggctgatat gattgacca ccagcagct 
catgcgggt ctacggagc gctgatgtg gtccctagg 
caaagtcct gcaaacccc cgaagtcgc cagagtcta 
catcggctc tttctggga ccaaccgct ccgctacga 
cgtcaatcg acggctgtt cgaagacga gaagcagga 
tttattcaa agacttaca gtctctgcc caggaacgc 
cgctctgcg aaaacttaa cgacttaat caagcgggc 
gagactggc caaagtgca cgcctacat catctccga 
gcttcgcaa ggaaatgcc ctccgtctt tggcaagga 
ctcgaaaaa gaaagaact gatcaagag tctaggggc 
gatctatga aaggctgca aaaggagca ccagatttc 
gcccgggga tttccccga aattaagaa aatgcaaga 
gattttagc caatcaaga cttcaccaa gttccaccc 
cctcaagcc taaactgct ggaaatcgt cgatcggat 
gctagccga cgatatcgc taatctgat ggcgaaaat 
accattgga ggaagtcaa taataccga aacaacggg 
caatgtcaa aggtggggc ctttgttaa cgtggagga 
caccgtgtc accgtttgg gtacaaaaa gggagaagg 
gattgatgc cggagccgg cgaaattga ctggatcgt 
caataggga aaaggcgaa atacgacca aattttcga 
tcaaattgc cagcgctga tggcaaagt cacaggaat 
ggctgcgaa atccgaaat ggttaagtc gaagctgcc 
caattccgt gttgagtaa gatatggaa gctggccga 
tgttgataa agacggaat gttggataa tgaggagtt 
cgcactagc aatgcactt gataaacat aaaaatcga 
cggaaacga tttaccatc agaattacc aaatcacct 
attaccacc atcaaaacg ttaaataat accatcatc 
cacaagtgc tatatatta attgcatta tctgtgtgc 
ctcttaagt caagaatgt acaaatttt aggagaaac 
attgatttt cttgattcc gaaaccaaa aaatagttt 
tgttagttt tctatcttt atattgcaa taacgtaat 
gtggccaca acaatacta ctgctatct aacatgaac 
atgtgataa aatgctgta tatatttgt attatataa 
taatgataa atgacattt atttaagtc aacctattc 
ttacgactt cacatctgt tgtattagt ttcattgtt 
actgttttg taataggca cttgaggaa tttacacat 
tgttgtacg agtatttaa tttaataaa atattttag 
ttgag

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY