Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031092
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC007728 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007419.2: 273119..275521
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031092
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
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    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
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    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_10690

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031092 RA
      MFVMFEDNF FQQYTPRLK SCGNVCTIL SVTLCFITV 
LTLLAIFAV DLTQKVHIV YIGGAAPKH ITNEKFLSV 
ALDASVIAN GFKHFDLKS EKVIKLMKA LSPAYLRIG 
GTMADRLIF STTESLHFK HLGPKVDGG ECSYEERYC 
DALNRPNFT MNSHEWLQL NELAQKTNL EIIFDLNSL 
RRFDDGAWD YTNAETLIR FSSQHNLNV NWELGNEPN 
AYRHQFDYE VQPAQLAHD FQTLRNILQ KYPLYQKSL 
VVGPDVTRP QNTNNQSRI YLSEFLKHG IDVIDAVTW 
HQYYFNGAT AKVGDFLDV RNFDVLQWQ IDTIKDIVH 
KEGVKKIWL GETSSAYGG GAPHLSNRY IATFLWLDK 
LGLAAKNGL DVVIRQSIY AGNYALINC YYNPSPDWW 
VSILYKKLV APKVVECRL GQSERVRLY CQCTPVKSY 
FDNKPSVTV FGLNLHNRK AKIRFEGIT PAKDLKVNA 
YVLTTVERI DSRFIFLNN RLLQLNETH DVPNLLPVT 
IPADPYVEM PPFSLGFWV VPITSNVLP YC
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031092 RA
      atgtttgtg atgtttgaa gacaacttt ttccagcaa 
tacacaccg agactgaag tcttgcgga aacgtttgc 
acaatcctt tccgtaacc ttatgtttt ataacagtt 
ttaacactc ctggcgata tttgcggtc gatttgacc 
caaaaagtc cacattgtt tatattggc ggagcggcc 
ccaaagcat atcaccaat gagaaattc ctaagtgtg 
gccctggac gcgtccgta atcgccaat gggttcaaa 
catttcgac ttgaaaagc gagaaagtg atcaaattg 
atgaaagcc ctctcgcct gcgtattta cgaattggg 
ggcacaatg gccgatcga ttgattttt tctacaacc 
gagtcactg catttcaaa cacttgggc cccaaagtt 
gacggtggt gaatgttcc tatgaggaa agatactgt 
gatgcttta aatcggcct aactttacg atgaattca 
cacgaatgg ttgcaattg aatgaattg gcccagaaa 
accaatctt gaaattatt tttgatttg aattcgttg 
aggcggttc gatgacggg gcttgggat tacacaaat 
gctgagacg ctgattcgg ttttcgagt caacacaat 
ctgaacgta aactgggag ttgggcaat gaacccaat 
gcttatcgc caccaattc gactacgag gtgcaacca 
gctcagttg gctcatgat tttcaaacc cttcgtaac 
attttacaa aaatatcca ctttaccaa aaatcactt 
gttgtgggt cctgatgtt acgcgaccc caaaacact 
aacaatcaa agtcgtatt tacttgtct gagttttta 
aaacatggc attgatgtg attgatgcg gtgacttgg 
catcaatat tattttaat ggtgcaact gcaaaagtt 
ggtgatttt cttgatgtt agaaatttt gacgtgctc 
caatggcaa atagatact atcaaggat attgtgcac 
aaagaaggt gtaaaaaaa atttggcta ggcgagact 
tcgtcagct tacggtggt ggtgctcct cacttatct 
aatcgctac attgcaact tttctctgg ttggacaag 
ttgggtttg gctgcaaaa aatggctta gatgtggtt 
ataagacag tcgatttat gcgggaaat tatgctttg 
attaattgt tattacaac ccttctcct gattggtgg 
gttagtatt ttgtataaa aaattagtg gcccccaaa 
gtggttgag tgtcgtttg ggacagtcg gagagagtg 
cgattgtat tgtcaatgt acaccggtt aaaagttat 
tttgataat aaaccatca gtcactgtt tttggcttg 
aatttgcac aatcgtaaa gccaaaatt cgattcgag 
ggaattaca ccggcaaag gatttgaaa gtcaatgct 
tatgttttg acgactgtt gaacggatt gattcaaga 
tttattttt ctaaataac cgtttgttg caactaaat 
gaaactcat gatgtgcca aatctactt ccagtcaca 
attccagct gatccctat gtggaaatg cctccgttt 
tcgttaggt ttttgggtg gttccgatt accagtaat 
gtgcttcct tattgttaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031092 RA
      tcacgtgtt ggtgcttgt gtttgagtt tttactgtg 
ttttttcgg gaaaatcaa tagaagagg aattcggaa 
acatcatgt ccagtgcca aattaccgg ctttcaaaa 
agtgaggtt gtgattaca aaaaccaac atgtttgtg 
atgtttgaa gacaacttt ttccagcaa tacacaccg 
agactgaag tcttgcgga aacgtttgc acaatcctt 
tccgtaacc ttatgtttt ataacagtt ttaacactc 
ctggcgata tttgcggtc gatttgacc caaaaagtc 
cacattgtt tatattggc ggagcggcc ccaaagcat 
atcaccaat gagaaattc ctaagtgtg gccctggac 
gcgtccgta atcgccaat gggttcaaa catttcgac 
ttgaaaagc gagaaagtg atcaaattg atgaaagcc 
ctctcgcct gcgtattta cgaattggg ggcacaatg 
gccgatcga ttgattttt tctacaacc gagtcactg 
catttcaaa cacttgggc cccaaagtt gacggtggt 
gaatgttcc tatgaggaa agatactgt gatgcttta 
aatcggcct aactttacg atgaattca cacgaatgg 
ttgcaattg aatgaattg gcccagaaa accaatctt 
gaaattatt tttgatttg aattcgttg aggcggttc 
gatgacggg gcttgggat tacacaaat gctgagacg 
ctgattcgg ttttcgagt caacacaat ctgaacgta 
aactgggag ttgggcaat gaacccaat gcttatcgc 
caccaattc gactacgag gtgcaacca gctcagttg 
gctcatgat tttcaaacc cttcgtaac attttacaa 
aaatatcca ctttaccaa aaatcactt gttgtgggt 
cctgatgtt acgcgaccc caaaacact aacaatcaa 
agtcgtatt tacttgtct gagttttta aaacatggc 
attgatgtg attgatgcg gtgacttgg catcaatat 
tattttaat ggtgcaact gcaaaagtt ggtgatttt 
cttgatgtt agaaatttt gacgtgctc caatggcaa 
atagatact atcaaggat attgtgcac aaagaaggt 
gtaaaaaaa atttggcta ggcgagact tcgtcagct 
tacggtggt ggtgctcct cacttatct aatcgctac 
attgcaact tttctctgg ttggacaag ttgggtttg 
gctgcaaaa aatggctta gatgtggtt ataagacag 
tcgatttat gcgggaaat tatgctttg attaattgt 
tattacaac ccttctcct gattggtgg gttagtatt 
ttgtataaa aaattagtg gcccccaaa gtggttgag 
tgtcgtttg ggacagtcg gagagagtg cgattgtat 
tgtcaatgt acaccggtt aaaagttat tttgataat 
aaaccatca gtcactgtt tttggcttg aatttgcac 
aatcgtaaa gccaaaatt cgattcgag ggaattaca 
ccggcaaag gatttgaaa gtcaatgct tatgttttg 
acgactgtt gaacggatt gattcaaga tttattttt 
ctaaataac cgtttgttg caactaaat gaaactcat 
gatgtgcca aatctactt ccagtcaca attccagct 
gatccctat gtggaaatg cctccgttt tcgttaggt 
ttttgggtg gttccgatt accagtaat gtgcttcct 
tattgttaa tttgtatat ttattgcct tttttataa 
taaattttt actaataat tgtttgatg taataaagt 
tgagtcgaa tttaacttc aaaggctct taaaaattg 
cgatctttg ccactttaa aatcactgg ctcaggatt 
cgtgcttga gtggatttt attaaactc caaattggc 
gatgattct tcgaaccta ctttcttat gcattattt 
attatgaga ataaaattg tagcgcaaa a
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