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Gene information
General information
TC010046 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007422.5: 9861704..9863151
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
      		TC010046
      Gene ontology

      GO terms for Tribolium

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      There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


      GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

      Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


      Gene
      {{ goGene }}
      The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
      GO ID *
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      The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
      Evidence
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      The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
      Reference *
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      The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
      Quotation
      If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
      Name
      You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
      Email
      We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
      Publish name
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      * : mandatory fields
      For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
      iBeetle screen iB_10493

      Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

      iB sequence
      Phenotype after pupal injection
      Usually 10 injected animals

      Pupal injection procedure

      Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

      3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

      9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

      11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

      Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

      13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
      The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

      14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
      Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

      15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
      Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

      22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
      Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

      Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

      larval pantagmatic defects
      At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
      empty eggs
      Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
      strong defects
      L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
      strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
      No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
      cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
      Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
      cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
      At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
      number of eggs on slide
      affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
      For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
      total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
      Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
      inside-out
      The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
      starved
      Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
      eclosion not fulfilled
      The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
      Please see the help page for more information
      Metamorphosis and survival

      Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

      adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
      Days post injection

      Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
      number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
       embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
      gena triplet number increased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

      head appendages shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

      head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

      legs shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

      thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
      abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
      affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
      Phenotype after larval injection
      Usually 10 injected animals

      Larval injection procedure

      Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

      11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

      16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

      19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

      22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

      41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

      Terms used in the larval injection procedure

      pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
      At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
      pupal molt not fulfilled
      The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
      eclosion not fulfilled
      The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
      starved
      Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
      Metamorphosis and survival

      Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
      Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

      RNAi sequence
      Primers
      Left: Right:
      Protein sequence
      • >TC010046 RA
        MLQEDSNGE ASFEIIDKK QDDASNDKT ESLSSVSSP 
YSIPSPGGV ALPGGNLLS NLPPPTNLP DFTLWQSQA 
IPAPTPLPP NIAPAATQA APAPVNVQP FPQTQFSAA 
IPPSKGVQH GPVPQTSAD AGQGGGGLI GWMKDAVSS 
GGILSKVAE KAKNSVDSL ITTLDPQMS EFIYSGGDV 
ELAVVSQDP DEVAPIREA IFSVFGKAW VNGISVKVD 
ERKHQAVGF EEGIKRAEE KLKAALNSS QVPTIAIEN 
ILLQQNDEW FDLSVLVLK DVEKKILLK TYTQTTPIP 
LDSFVKLAE KEMPSYAKG CDSTEKLLA AYLQVCKNN 
WQQGVSGVA RKETLFLAA RTLVTLYKN KITN
      CDS sequence
      • >TC010046 RA
        atgttacaa gaggactca aacggcgaa gcctcattt 
gaaataatc gacaagaag caggacgat gcctcgaat 
gacaagaca gaatctctg agtagcgtg tcatctccg 
tactcgata ccttcccca gggggtgtc gctctgccg 
ggtggaaat ttgctctcg aatttacca cctccgaca 
aatctccct gatttcaca ctgtggcag tctcaagca 
atcccagca cctacccct ttacctcca aacatcgcg 
cctgcggct acacaagcg gcccccgca ccggttaac 
gtccaaccg ttcccccaa acccagttt agtgctgcc 
ataccgccg agtaaaggt gttcaacat ggaccagtt 
ccccaaact agtgcagac gcaggacag gggggcggg 
ggactgata ggctggatg aaagatgca gtctccagc 
ggtggcata ttatcaaag gttgcggaa aaggcgaaa 
aactccgta gattcactc atcacaacc ctagaccca 
caaatgtcg gagttcatt tattctgga ggggacgtg 
gagcttgct gttgtatcg caagacccg gacgaagtc 
gcccccatt cgtgaggca attttttca gtatttggt 
aaagcttgg gtgaatggg attagcgtt aaagttgat 
gaaaggaaa caccaagct gtaggtttt gaagaaggg 
attaagagg gcggaagaa aagctaaaa gcggcgtta 
aactcgagt caagttcca acaattgct attgagaat 
attctttta caacaaaac gatgaatgg tttgactta 
agcgtctta gttttgaaa gatgtggag aaaaagatt 
ttgcttaaa acatatact caaacgaca ccaattccg 
cttgattct tttgtgaag ttggccgaa aaagaaatg 
cccagctat gcgaaaggg tgcgattca accgaaaaa 
ctactagcg gcgtattta caagtttgt aaaaataat 
tggcaacag ggggtgagt ggggttgct agaaaagaa 
accctattt ctagcagcg aggacactt gttactttg 
tataaaaac aaaatcact aattaa
      mRNA sequence
      • >TC010046 RA
        aatcagtaa aaagtaaat aaaatgtta caagaggac 
tcaaacggc gaagcctca tttgaaata atcgacaag 
aagcaggac gatgcctcg aatgacaag acagaatct 
ctgagtagc gtgtcatct ccgtactcg ataccttcc 
ccagggggt gtcgctctg ccgggtgga aatttgctc 
tcgaattta ccacctccg acaaatctc cctgatttc 
acactgtgg cagtctcaa gcaatccca gcacctacc 
cctttacct ccaaacatc gcgcctgcg gctacacaa 
gcggccccc gcaccggtt aacgtccaa ccgttcccc 
caaacccag tttagtgct gccataccg ccgagtaaa 
ggtgttcaa catggacca gttccccaa actagtgca 
gacgcagga caggggggc gggggactg ataggctgg 
atgaaagat gcagtctcc agcggtggc atattatca 
aaggttgcg gaaaaggcg aaaaactcc gtagattca 
ctcatcaca accctagac ccacaaatg tcggagttc 
atttattct ggaggggac gtggagctt gctgttgta 
tcgcaagac ccggacgaa gtcgccccc attcgtgag 
gcaattttt tcagtattt ggtaaagct tgggtgaat 
gggattagc gttaaagtt gatgaaagg aaacaccaa 
gctgtaggt tttgaagaa gggattaag agggcggaa 
gaaaagcta aaagcggcg ttaaactcg agtcaagtt 
ccaacaatt gctattgag aatattctt ttacaacaa 
aacgatgaa tggtttgac ttaagcgtc ttagttttg 
aaagatgtg gagaaaaag attttgctt aaaacatat 
actcaaacg acaccaatt ccgcttgat tcttttgtg 
aagttggcc gaaaaagaa atgcccagc tatgcgaaa 
gggtgcgat tcaaccgaa aaactacta gcggcgtat 
ttacaagtt tgtaaaaat aattggcaa cagggggtg 
agtggggtt gctagaaaa gaaacccta tttctagca 
gcgaggaca cttgttact ttgtataaa aacaaaatc 
actaattaa atatcgtac ttactggaa tataaaatt 
aatgatata actgttgca ttttattct agattttat 
ttaatgttc aaaattcat tttatcaat ataggcttt 
aataaataa ttgtagtat tg

      If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
      Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

      The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY