Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031354
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC011285,TC011286 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007425.3: 2117833..2124427
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031354
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_08292

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50 larval musculature pattern irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    larval musculature fluorescence decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     larva segment central constricted - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    Comment: Constriction of abdomen segment is major phenotype but with this phenotype there is also head & thorax appendages shape irregular & larvae segements are randomly partially not present in all three tagmata.
    head shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    thorax shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031354 RA
      MCPLVFLFL ISVTTIREI FSQNLINED SSFLSQLFN 
VSINNIAAV ANGFSFINI PTDNVKFFL FERTSNQTI 
TLNRDDHLE HLVPSDPTI LITHGWTDQ ETASWIQDM 
AFLYHKKRN YNVIAVDWS IDADKNYIY SSSATQSVG 
IIIGAFLIQ VSKHVENFF EKVNLIGHS LGAQVVGFA 
GKYVENSTD SKLDRITGL DAASPLFET PILRPPELR 
LADSDANFV DLIHTALGV GVTTIREIF SQNLINEDS 
SFLSQLFNV SINNIAAVA NGFSFINIP TDNVKFLLF 
ERTSNQTIT LNHDDPLEH LVPSDPTIL ITHGWTDQG 
TASWIQDMA FLYHKKGNY NVIAVDWSI DADRNYIYS 
SSATQSVGI IIGAFLIQV SKKVDNFFE KVHLIGHSL 
GAQVVGFAG KYVENSTDS KLDRITGLD AASPLFETP 
ILRPPELRL ADTDASFVD LIHTALGVG YIGAFGTAD 
FYVNGGIIQ LNCTDDLTD IASCNHQSS HIYYSETIL 
ERKKYEATK CEDAVRFNL GLCDDNDNA YMGDEIEML 
KTLTCRSLT HRSSGYLTL LYKSKMSQN TVPVETSIR 
GKLSSELQT THLEVINES YMHNVPKGA ETHFKVVVV 
SEKFSDLPL IKRHRLVND ILKEELQSG VHALSIVAK 
TPSQWSSSE QIIEPSPNC RGGFGK
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031354 RA
      atgtgtcca ctggtattt ctcttcttg attagtgtg 
acaacaatt agggaaatt ttttcccaa aatttgatt 
aacgaagac tcctctttc ttgagccaa ctcttcaac 
gtttcgatc aacaacatc gcagctgtt gctaatggt 
ttttccttc atcaacatc ccaacagat aacgttaaa 
ttcttttta ttcgaacgc actagcaat caaactatc 
actctcaac cgtgacgac catctggag cacctagta 
ccatcagat ccgaccatt ttaataact catgggtgg 
acagatcag gaaacagca tcatggatc caagacatg 
gcatttttg taccataaa aaacgcaac tacaacgtt 
attgcagtg gactggtca atcgatgcc gacaaaaac 
tacatctac tcatcatca gcaactcaa tctgttggt 
atcattatt ggtgctttc ctaatccaa gtctcaaaa 
catgtggaa aactttttc gaaaaagtt aacttaatc 
gggcattct ttaggcgcc caagttgta ggatttgca 
ggaaagtac gtggaaaac tccacagat tccaaactt 
gatagaatc acgggttta gacgctgca agccccctt 
ttcgaaacc ccaattttg aggccccct gaactgcga 
ttggctgac agcgatgcc aattttgtt gatcttatt 
cacacagct ttaggagtt ggtgtgaca acaattagg 
gaaattttt tcccaaaat ttgattaac gaagactcc 
tcttttttg agccaactc ttcaacgtt tcgatcaac 
aacatcgca gctgttgct aatggtttt tccttcatc 
aacatccca acagataac gttaaattc cttttattc 
gaacgcact agcaatcaa actatcact ctcaaccat 
gacgaccct ctggagcac ttagtacca tcagatccg 
accatttta ataactcat gggtggaca gatcaggga 
acagcatca tggatccaa gacatggca tttttgtac 
cataaaaaa ggcaactac aacgttatt gcagtggat 
tggtcaatc gatgctgac agaaactac atctactca 
tcatcagca acccaatct gttggtatc attattggt 
gctttccta atccaagtc tcaaaaaaa gtggacaac 
tttttcgaa aaagttcac ctaattggg cattcttta 
ggtgcccaa gttgtagga tttgcagga aagtacgtg 
gaaaactcc acagattcc aaacttgat agaatcaca 
ggtctagac gctgcaagc ccccttttt gaaaccccc 
attttgaga ccccctgaa ctgcgattg gctgacacc 
gatgccagt tttgttgat cttattcac acagcttta 
ggggttggg tatattggg gcttttgga accgccgac 
ttctatgtc aatgggggt attattcaa ttaaattgt 
acagacgac ttgaccgat attgcgtct tgtaatcac 
cagagctca catatttac tattcggag acaatatta 
gagcgaaaa aagtacgaa gcaaccaaa tgtgaggat 
gctgtaagg tttaatttg gggttgtgt gacgataac 
gacaatgct tatatgggc gatgagatt gaaatgttg 
aaaacttta acgtgtcgc tcactcaca catcgatca 
tcaggttat ctaaccctg ctttacaaa tccaaaatg 
tcgcaaaat acagtccct gttgagact tcaattcgt 
ggaaaactc agttcagag ctacaaact acccacttg 
gaggtcatc aacgagtca tacatgcac aacgtgcct 
aaaggcgcc gagacacat ttcaaagtt gtggtggtc 
tctgagaaa ttttcagac ctgccttta atcaagaga 
cacagattg gtaaacgac attttaaag gaagaattg 
caaagtgga gtccatgct ctctcgatt gttgccaaa 
accccttca cagtggagc agcagtgag caaataatc 
gaacccagt cctaactgt aggggcggc ttcggcaaa 
tga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031354 RA
      gatgatatc tatgtttcg aatatttgt cagcggttt 
aattattac tacgcatgg aaaatttaa aatatattt 
taaccataa atcagaata tataaatta aaataaatt 
tttgccatt ttcgatgcg aattttatt tagttacct 
agaaaaagt tatgcaaag taaatcaaa acatgtaat 
aatatcgag aaacgtgca caatgtgtc cactggtat 
ttctcttct tgattagtg tgacaacaa ttagggaaa 
ttttttccc aaaatttga ttaacgaag actcctctt 
tcttgagcc aactcttca acgtttcga tcaacaaca 
tcgcagctg ttgctaatg gtttttcct tcatcaaca 
tcccaacag ataacgtta aattctttt tattcgaac 
gcactagca atcaaacta tcactctca accgtgacg 
accatctgg agcacctag taccatcag atccgacca 
ttttaataa ctcatgggt ggacagatc aggaaacag 
catcatgga tccaagaca tggcatttt tgtaccata 
aaaaacgca actacaacg ttattgcag tggactggt 
caatcgatg ccgacaaaa actacatct actcatcat 
cagcaactc aatctgttg gtatcatta ttggtgctt 
tcctaatcc aagtctcaa aacatgtgg aaaactttt 
tcgaaaaag ttaacttaa tcgggcatt ctttaggcg 
cccaagttg taggatttg caggaaagt acgtggaaa 
actccacag attccaaac ttgatagaa tcacgggtt 
tagacgctg caagccccc ttttcgaaa ccccaattt 
tgaggcccc ctgaactgc gattggctg acagcgatg 
ccaattttg ttgatctta ttcacacag ctttaggag 
ttggtgtga caacaatta gggaaattt tttcccaaa 
atttgatta acgaagact cctcttttt tgagccaac 
tcttcaacg tttcgatca acaacatcg cagctgttg 
ctaatggtt tttccttca tcaacatcc caacagata 
acgttaaat tccttttat tcgaacgca ctagcaatc 
aaactatca ctctcaacc atgacgacc ctctggagc 
acttagtac catcagatc cgaccattt taataactc 
atgggtgga cagatcagg gaacagcat catggatcc 
aagacatgg catttttgt accataaaa aaggcaact 
acaacgtta ttgcagtgg attggtcaa tcgatgctg 
acagaaact acatctact catcatcag caacccaat 
ctgttggta tcattattg gtgctttcc taatccaag 
tctcaaaaa aagtggaca actttttcg aaaaagttc 
acctaattg ggcattctt taggtgccc aagttgtag 
gatttgcag gaaagtacg tggaaaact ccacagatt 
ccaaacttg atagaatca caggtctag acgctgcaa 
gcccccttt ttgaaaccc ccattttga gaccccctg 
aactgcgat tggctgaca ccgatgcca gttttgttg 
atcttattc acacagctt taggggttg ggtatattg 
gggcttttg gaaccgccg acttctatg tcaatgggg 
gtattattc aattaaatt gtacagacg acttgaccg 
atattgcgt cttgtaatc accagagct cacatattt 
actattcgg agacaatat tagagcgaa aaaagtacg 
aagcaacca aatgtgagg atgctgtaa ggtttaatt 
tggggttgt gtgacgata acgacaatg cttatatgg 
gcgatgaga ttgaaatgt tgaaaactt taacgtgtc 
gctcactca cacatcgat catcaggtt atctaaccc 
tgctttaca aatccaaaa tgtcgcaaa atacagtcc 
ctgttgaga cttcaattc gtggaaaac tcagttcag 
agctacaaa ctacccact tggaggtca tcaacgagt 
catacatgc acaacgtgc ctaaaggcg ccgagacac 
atttcaaag ttgtggtgg tctctgaga aattttcag 
acctgcctt taatcaaga gacacagat tggtaaacg 
acattttaa aggaagaat tgcaaagtg gagtccatg 
ctctctcga ttgttgcca aaacccctt cacagtgga 
gcagcagtg agcaaataa tcgaaccca gtcctaact 
gtaggggcg gcttcggca aatgattgt agtacttga 
taacttaat tag

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY