Status
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Gene information
General information
TC032860
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC008254,TC008253 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007419.2: 7360134..7364074
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032860
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
    {{ blurIdResult }}
    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_08147

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 60.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     abdomen segment number decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    posterior terminus shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032860 RA
      MNWGYYSTS QKNCCLGMK DQKCMVPRG KSIGGSSAL 
NAVLYVRGN PQDYDRWEA LGNPGWSYK DVLPYFIKS 
ENSQIDGDP DYHGIGGFW NVEYSFPAS DLYENFIAA 
CDELNMTRL DYNGKGQIG TDRSQINIK HGKRQSLGT 
AFLDNARKR ANIDIITNA LVTKVIINP ESKEAQGVE 
FVTKEEKFA ATAVREVIL SAGAINSPQ ILMLSGVGP 
KKHLEELGI EVIEDLPVG ENLLEHPLF PGLVIQTNY 
TLPGTTMEI LLDQYLQGL GPLTSPAHV DSIGFLHTG 
DGPADLPTV EYLFIPPGG STLPILNRV YNYDDNLVY 
NFLSRINSR SDITVYLAL LHQKSKGRI TLQSTSPID 
FPLIDLNMF AEPEDVDNL IEGIEFVMN LTKTEAFKK 
INANLLNVP ICTEFTKYS KQYWECMIR QMAQTIYHA 
CGTTAMGPN KTSSVVDSN LKVHGIGKL RVVDAGVFP 
TTISGHTNA PAVMVAEKI ADVIKNEYG NPGWSYKDV 
LPYFTKSEN SQIDGDPDY HGIGGFWNV EYSFPASDL 
YENFITACD ELNMTRLDY NGKKQIGFD KSQINTKHG 
KRQSLGTAF LDNARKRKN IDVVTNALV TKIIINPQS 
KEAKGVEFV TKNKKYSAT ATAGAVNSP QILMLSGVG 
PKKHLEELG IEVIEDLPV GENLLDHPL FPGLVIQTN 
YTLPDTTIK MLLEQYLKG QGPLTSSML KTIAFIHTG 
DGPEDLPTV EYLFIPPSG PTQPILKRI YNYDVNLAL 
NFLSRINSR SDITVYLTL LHQKSKGRI TLQSKNPID 
FPLVDLNMF AEAEDIDNL IEGIEFVMN LTKTEAFKK 
INAKLLDVP ICSDFTKHS RQYWECMIR QMAQTIYHT 
CGTTAMGPN KTTSVVDRD LKVHGIGKL RVVSAAVFP 
TTISGHANA PAVMVAEKI ADAIKKEYA
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032860 RA
      atgaactgg ggatactac agcacgtct caaaaaaat 
tgttgtttg ggaatgaaa gatcagaaa tgtatggtc 
cctcgggga aaatcaata gggggtagc agtgcccta 
aatgctgtg ctctacgtt agggggaat ccgcaagat 
tatgaccgt tgggaagct ttaggaaac cctggatgg 
tcgtacaaa gacgtgctt ccatacttc atcaaatcg 
gaaaattcg caaattgac ggcgatccg gattatcac 
ggaatcgga ggattttgg aacgttgaa tattcattt 
ccagcctca gatctttat gaaaatttt atcgctgcg 
tgtgatgag ttaaatatg acacgtctt gattacaat 
gggaaagga caaatcggt actgatagg tcccaaatc 
aatattaaa cacgggaaa aggcaaagt ttgggtaca 
gctttcttg gacaatgcc cgaaaacgg gcaaacatt 
gatatcata actaatgcc ctagtgacc aaagttata 
ataaaccca gaaagcaaa gaagcacaa ggggttgaa 
tttgtcacc aaagaagaa aaattcgca gcaacggct 
gtcagagaa gtcatactt tcagcaggt gccataaat 
tcgccccaa attttaatg ctctcaggg gtaggtccg 
aaaaaacat ttagaagag ttgggtatt gaagtaatt 
gaagatttg ccagttggt gagaattta ctcgagcac 
ccccttttt cccggtctg gtaatacaa accaattac 
acgctccct ggtacaaca atggaaata ttacttgac 
cagtatttg caagggcta ggaccgttg acaagtccg 
gcccatgtg gacagcatc ggcttcctc cacactgga 
gacggccct gccgacctg cccactgtc gaatattta 
tttattcct cccggtggc tcaaccctc ccaatttta 
aaccgagtt tacaattac gacgacaac ctcgtctac 
aacttcttg agccgaatc aactcacgc agcgacatt 
acggtatat ttggccctc ttgcaccaa aaatccaaa 
ggaagaatc actttacaa tcaacgagt cccatcgat 
ttccctctc atcgacttg aacatgttt gcagagccc 
gaagacgtt gataattta attgaagga atcgagttc 
gttatgaac ttaacaaaa accgaagct ttcaaaaaa 
atcaatgcc aatctcctt aatgtaccg atttgtacg 
gagtttacc aagtattcg aaacaatac tgggagtgt 
atgattcgt caaatggca caaaccatc tatcatgca 
tgtggcaca acagcgatg ggaccgaat aaaacatct 
tccgttgtc gatagtaat ctaaaagtt catggaatt 
gggaagttg agggtggtg gatgctggc gtgttccca 
acaacaatc tcggggcac accaatgcg cccgctgtt 
atggttgca gagaaaatt gcagatgtt attaaaaac 
gaatacggt aacccaggt tggtcgtac aaagacgtg 
cttccatac ttcaccaaa tcggaaaat tcgcaaatt 
gacggcgat ccagattat cacggaatt gggggtttc 
tggaacgtt gaatattca tttccagct tcagatctt 
tatgaaaat tttatcact gcgtgtgat gagttaaat 
atgacacgt cttgattat aacggtaaa aaacaaatc 
ggttttgat aaatcacaa atcaataca aaacatggg 
aaaagacaa agtttgggt accgctttc ctagataat 
gcccgaaaa cggaaaaac atcgatgtc gtaactaac 
gctctagtg accaaaatt ataataaac ccacaaagt 
aaagaagca aaaggggtt gaatttgtc accaaaaac 
aaaaaatac tcggcaacg gcaacggca ggggcggta 
aattcgccc caaatctta atgttgtca ggggtaggt 
cccaaaaaa catttagaa gagttgggt attgaagta 
attgaggac ttgccagtt ggtgagaac ttactcgac 
catcccctt tttcccggt ctggtaata caaaccaat 
tacacactt cccgataca acaatcaaa atgttgcta 
gaacaatat ttaaaaggg caagggccg ttaacaagt 
tcaatgctg aaaaccatc gccttcatt cacactggg 
gacggtcct gaggacctc cccaccgtt gaatacttg 
tttattcct ccgagcggc cccactcag ccaatttta 
aaacgaatt tacaattac gacgtcaac ctcgccctc 
aacttcttg agcagaatc aactcacgg agcgacatt 
accgtatac ttgaccctc ttgcatcaa aaatccaaa 
gggagaatc actttacaa tcaaagaat ccaatcgac 
tttcctctc gtcgacttg aacatgttt gcagaagca 
gaagacatt gataattta attgaagga atcgagttc 
gttatgaac ttaacaaaa accgaagct ttcaaaaaa 
atcaatgcc aagctcctc gatgtaccc atttgtagc 
gactttacc aagcattcg agacaatac tgggagtgc 
atgattcgt caaatggca caaactatt tatcatacg 
tgtggcacc accgcaatg gggccaaat aagacaact 
tccgttgtc gatagagat cttaaagtc cacggaatt 
gggaagttg agggttgtt agtgccgca gtttttcca 
acgaccatt tcgggacac gcaaatgca cccgctgtt 
atggtcgca gagaaaatt gccgatgca attaaaaaa 
gaatacgct taa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032860 RA
      tcaaaccta attaccgaa cgaaatgct gaagcattt 
gtttaccag cttcaaatt caaataaaa caacggatt 
tgggaaatt atgacttta ttatagtgg gagctgggt 
cttcgggga gtgttttag caacaagac tcacagaga 
taagtgact ggaaaattc tcttgttgg aagcaggag 
gtgaagaag atgatttta gtaatattc ctgcagagc 
tcatgtttc ttcagctca gtgatatga actggggat 
actacagca cgtctcaaa aaaattgtt gtttgggaa 
tgaaagatc agaaatgta tggtccctc ggggaaaat 
caatagggg gtagcagtg ccctaaatg ctgtgctct 
acgttaggg ggaatccgc aagattatg accgttggg 
aagctttag gaaaccctg gatggtcgt acaaagacg 
tgcttccat acttcatca aatcggaaa attcgcaaa 
ttgacggcg atccggatt atcacggaa tcggaggat 
tttggaacg ttgaatatt catttccag cctcagatc 
tttatgaaa attttatcg ctgcgtgtg atgagttaa 
atatgacac gtcttgatt acaatggga aaggacaaa 
tcggtactg ataggtccc aaatcaata ttaaacacg 
ggaaaaggc aaagtttgg gtacagctt tcttggaca 
atgcccgaa aacgggcaa acattgata tcataacta 
atgccctag tgaccaaag ttataataa acccagaaa 
gcaaagaag cacaagggg ttgaatttg tcaccaaag 
aagaaaaat tcgcagcaa cggctgtca gagaagtca 
tactttcag caggtgcca taaattcgc cccaaattt 
taatgctct caggggtag gtccgaaaa aacatttag 
aagagttgg gtattgaag taattgaag atttgccag 
ttggtgaga atttactcg agcaccccc tttttcccg 
gtctggtaa tacaaacca attacacgc tccctggta 
caacaatgg aaatattac ttgaccagt atttgcaag 
ggctaggac cgttgacaa gtccggccc atgtggaca 
gcatcggct tcctccaca ctggagacg gccctgccg 
acctgccca ctgtcgaat atttattta ttcctcccg 
gtggctcaa ccctcccaa ttttaaacc gagtttaca 
attacgacg acaacctcg tctacaact tcttgagcc 
gaatcaact cacgcagcg acattacgg tatatttgg 
ccctcttgc accaaaaat ccaaaggaa gaatcactt 
tacaatcaa cgagtccca tcgatttcc ctctcatcg 
acttgaaca tgtttgcag agcccgaag acgttgata 
atttaattg aaggaatcg agttcgtta tgaacttaa 
caaaaaccg aagctttca aaaaaatca atgccaatc 
tccttaatg taccgattt gtacggagt ttaccaagt 
attcgaaac aatactggg agtgtatga ttcgtcaaa 
tggcacaaa ccatctatc atgcatgtg gcacaacag 
cgatgggac cgaataaaa catcttccg ttgtcgata 
gtaatctaa aagttcatg gaattggga agttgaggg 
tggtggatg ctggcgtgt tcccaacaa caatctcgg 
ggcacacca atgcgcccg ctgttatgg ttgcagaga 
aaattgcag atgttatta aaaacgaat acggtaacc 
caggttggt cgtacaaag acgtgcttc catacttca 
ccaaatcgg aaaattcgc aaattgacg gcgatccag 
attatcacg gaattgggg gtttctgga acgttgaat 
attcatttc cagcttcag atctttatg aaaatttta 
tcactgcgt gtgatgagt taaatatga cacgtcttg 
attataacg gtaaaaaac aaatcggtt ttgataaat 
cacaaatca atacaaaac atgggaaaa gacaaagtt 
tgggtaccg ctttcctag ataatgccc gaaaacgga 
aaaacatcg atgtcgtaa ctaacgctc tagtgacca 
aaattataa taaacccac aaagtaaag aagcaaaag 
gggttgaat ttgtcacca aaaacaaaa aatactcgg 
caacggcaa cggcagggg cggtaaatt cgccccaaa 
tcttaatgt tgtcagggg taggtccca aaaaacatt 
tagaagagt tgggtattg aagtaattg aggacttgc 
cagttggtg agaacttac tcgaccatc ccctttttc 
ccggtctgg taatacaaa ccaattaca cacttcccg 
atacaacaa tcaaaatgt tgctagaac aatatttaa 
aagggcaag ggccgttaa caagttcaa tgctgaaaa 
ccatcgcct tcattcaca ctggggacg gtcctgagg 
acctcccca ccgttgaat acttgttta ttcctccga 
gcggcccca ctcagccaa ttttaaaac gaatttaca 
attacgacg tcaacctcg ccctcaact tcttgagca 
gaatcaact cacggagcg acattaccg tatacttga 
ccctcttgc atcaaaaat ccaaaggga gaatcactt 
tacaatcaa agaatccaa tcgactttc ctctcgtcg 
acttgaaca tgtttgcag aagcagaag acattgata 
atttaattg aaggaatcg agttcgtta tgaacttaa 
caaaaaccg aagctttca aaaaaatca atgccaagc 
tcctcgatg tacccattt gtagcgact ttaccaagc 
attcgagac aatactggg agtgcatga ttcgtcaaa 
tggcacaaa ctatttatc atacgtgtg gcaccaccg 
caatggggc caaataaga caacttccg ttgtcgata 
gagatctta aagtccacg gaattggga agttgaggg 
ttgttagtg ccgcagttt ttccaacga ccatttcgg 
gacacgcaa atgcacccg ctgttatgg tcgcagaga 
aaattgccg atgcaatta aaaaagaat acgcttaat 
agtgttatt tattttaat aaagtatta atcttcaa

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY