Status
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Gene information
General information
TC032646
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC002473,TC002475 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 27699219..27759382
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032646
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_08051

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 30.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 larval musculature pattern irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    larva complete everted (inside-out) - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    Comment: In most of the cases,  hind gut of larvae are outside.
    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032646 RA
      MSPYSRYRP LPGSDGISV LQTPPGCRP TPPTACRFL 
RWISKFSPQ PVNKQTLGV LDMTATENT IRFSVHTLD 
KATKAKVTL ENYYTNLIA QHVERKQRL AKLEESLKD 
DSLSEEQKH EKRLQHAQK ETEFLRLKR SRLGVEDFE 
PLKVIGRGA FGEVRLVQK KDTGHVYAM KILRKADML 
EKEQVAHVR AERDILVEA DHQWVVKMY YSFQDPINL 
YLIMEFLPG GDMMTLLMK KDTLSEEFT QFYIAETAL 
AIDSIHKLG FIHRDIKPD NLLLDAKGH LKLSDFGLC 
TGLKKSHRT DFYRDLSQA KPSDFIITS SPMDSKRRA 
ESWKKNRRA LAYSTVGTP DYIAPEVFL QTGYGPACD 
WWSLGVIMY EMLIGYPPF CSENPQDTY RKVMNWRET 
LVFPAEVPI SEEAKDTII KFCCEAERR LGSQKGIED 
LKIIPFFRG VDWEHIRER PAAIPVEVK SIDDTSNFD 
DFPDVKLEI PSAPMPQDG EVNYKDWVF INYTFKRFE 
GLTQRGTPT KK
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032646 RA
      atgtcacca tacagtcgg taccggcct ttgccgggc 
tctgacggg atttcggtg cttcagaca ccaccagga 
tgtaggccg acgccaccg acggcctgt cgcttcctc 
aggtggata tctaagttc agtccgcaa ccggtgaac 
aaacagact ttaggggtc ctggacatg actgccacg 
gagaataca atccgtttc agtgtccac accctggac 
aaagccacc aaagctaaa gtcacccta gaaaattac 
tacacaaat ctcatagcc cagcatgtg gagcgaaaa 
caaaggcta gcgaagctc gaagaatcc ttgaaagac 
gacagcctc tccgaagag cagaagcat gagaagcgc 
ctccagcac gcccaaaaa gaaacggaa ttcctccga 
ctgaagcgc tctcgtctc ggtgtcgaa gacttcgaa 
ccgttgaaa gtaatcggt cggggagct ttcggcgaa 
gtccgcctg gtccagaaa aaggacacc ggtcacgtc 
tacgccatg aagatcctc cgtaaagcc gacatgctc 
gaaaaggag caagtggcg cacgtgcga gccgaacgc 
gacatcctt gtcgaagcc gaccaccag tgggtggtc 
aaaatgtat tatagtttt caagatccg atcaatttg 
tatttgatt atggagttt ttgcctggc ggtgatatg 
atgacgctg ttgatgaaa aaagacacg ttgtcggag 
gaatttacg cagttctat atcgccgaa acggcacta 
gctatagat tcgatacat aagctcggg tttatccat 
cgagatata aagccggat aacttgctg ttggatgcg 
aaagggcat ttgaaattg tccgatttc ggactgtgt 
acgggactg aaaaagtcg cacaggacg gatttttat 
cgggatctg agtcaggcc aagccgtcg gattttata 
ataacctct agtccgatg gatagtaaa cgtcgtgcc 
gaaagttgg aagaaaaac cgacgagcg ctggcttac 
agcaccgtc ggaacgcct gattatatc gcccccgaa 
gtgttcctt caaaccggc tacggtccg gcgtgtgat 
tggtggtcg ttaggcgtc atcatgtac gaaatgttg 
atcggttat ccgccgttc tgttccgaa aatcctcaa 
gacacttat cgcaaagtg atgaactgg agagagacg 
cttgtcttt cccgccgaa gttccgatc tctgaagag 
gccaaagat actattatt aagttttgc tgtgaagcc 
gaacgaagg ttgggctca cagaagggt atagaagat 
ttgaaaata attcccttc tttcgggga gttgactgg 
gaacatatt agggaaagg ccagccgcg atacctgta 
gaagttaag tcgatagat gatacgtcg aatttcgac 
gatttccca gacgtcaag cttgaaatt ccttctgcg 
cctatgcct caggacggt gaggtcaac tacaaagac 
tgggtgttc atcaactac acgttcaag cggttcgaa 
ggtctgacg caaagaggg accccaaca aaaaaataa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032646 RA
      cgatttgct tcgcgtttt gctctgtcg tcgctcgtg 
caacaggtg aacatgtgc ttgaatgat cgcgcgaga 
taaataaat caatccacg aattgattc ttctttccc 
caacttgga gttacagtg ttacggtgg ttgtttgtt 
tgattgagg tggtgatgt gaagttttt tgatgtcac 
catacagtc ggtaccggc ctttgccgg gctctgacg 
ggatttcgg tgcttcaga caccaccag gatgtaggc 
cgacgccac cgacggcct gtcgcttcc tcaggtgga 
tatctaagt tcagtccgc aaccggtga acaaacaga 
ctttagggg tcctggaca tgactgcca cggagaata 
caatccgtt tcagtgtcc acaccctgg acaaagcca 
ccaaagcta aagtcaccc tagaaaatt actacacaa 
atctcatag cccagcatg tggagcgaa aacaaaggc 
tagcgaagc tcgaagaat ccttgaaag acgacagcc 
tctccgaag agcagaagc atgagaagc gcctccagc 
acgcccaaa aagaaacgg aattcctcc gactgaagc 
gctctcgtc tcggtgtcg aagacttcg aaccgttga 
aagtaatcg gtcggggag ctttcggcg aagtccgcc 
tggtccaga aaaaggaca ccggtcacg tctacgcca 
tgaagatcc tccgtaaag ccgacatgc tcgaaaagg 
agcaagtgg cgcacgtgc gagccgaac gcgacatcc 
ttgtcgaag ccgaccacc agtgggtgg tcaaaatgt 
attatagtt ttcaagatc cgatcaatt tgtatttga 
ttatggagt ttttgcctg gcggtgata tgatgacgc 
tgttgatga aaaaagaca cgttgtcgg aggaattta 
cgcagttct atatcgccg aaacggcac tagctatag 
attcgatac ataagctcg ggtttatcc atcgagata 
taaagccgg ataacttgc tgttggatg cgaaagggc 
atttgaaat tgtccgatt tcggactgt gtacgggac 
tgaaaaagt cgcacagga cggattttt atcgggatc 
tgagtcagg ccaagccgt cggatttta taataacct 
ctagtccga tggatagta aacgtcgtg ccgaaagtt 
ggaagaaaa accgacgag cgctggctt acagcaccg 
tcggaacgc ctgattata tcgcccccg aagtgttcc 
ttcaaaccg gctacggtc cggcgtgtg attggtggt 
cgttaggcg tcatcatgt acgaaatgt tgatcggtt 
atccgccgt tctgttccg aaaatcctc aagacactt 
atcgcaaag tgatgaact ggagagaga cgcttgtct 
ttcccgccg aagttccga tctctgaag aggccaaag 
atactatta ttaagtttt gctgtgaag ccgaacgaa 
ggttgggct cacagaagg gtatagaag atttgaaaa 
taattccct tctttcggg gagttgact gggaacata 
ttagggaaa ggccagccg cgatacctg tagaagtta 
agtcgatag atgatacgt cgaatttcg acgatttcc 
cagacgtca agcttgaaa ttccttctg cgcctatgc 
ctcaggacg gtgaggtca actacaaag actgggtgt 
tcatcaact acacgttca agcggttcg aaggtctga 
cgcaaagag ggaccccaa caaaaaaat aaaccgcac 
ttttatgtg cgccaacaa atcggcagt taatcgcgc 
tataacgag cacttattt ttaggaaat atcgtgaaa 
aaccacacc agagtgctt cgattatga ttttctcgt 
cttttcaat aactgtacc tatcccgta gttattttc 
taaaaataa gtaactttg tgtattata ggtctgaag 
cagttttca cactgtttg ctttgagct gtgagaagc 
tacgtatct tttgttgta tttacactg atatctcgt 
taacttgtg ttattgtaa atattacga aaatgacga 
attgttagt acaaaattg ttgcgaaac tactgccaa 
ttatttatg tgatgatgt gttgcttcg agggcgggc 
ggtccgagg gatattttt gtacctaat gattttttc 
cctatcatt ttaaataca acagaagat ttttgtgta 
tatgttatt ttttgttta ttgttacaa agtgatacg 
tttattatt tacttgttt ttttattta tagacaatg 
tatttcttg atcgcgcgt caagaacta ttttgtata 
actcgtgaa ggacatgaa ctaattaca ctttttaca 
ccttcatga ttctgtcag tgagatcat atttttgca 
attttttat ttcaagacg aacgagcgt agtctagta 
ggcgggttt agtaatttt cgatcagag tgacctgcg 
acgtttgac aggcagtac cgccaactg tgtttcaag 
gttcatggc cactctgat cattttatt agttgtttt 
gttccaaag aagcacata tgaacaatt gtttttcac 
taaccaatt agattttgt ggaagtgta tgtgtagtt 
ttgcaaaca tatcgagca gttttttgg ctgttaaac 
agtctggtg tgtatgtga ggcagttgg tagacttgg 
aaattttat agaaagtat taatgttaa gcttgtagc 
tctctatgc acctttttt tttcaaatt cgtttaact 
ggtgcaaat tagctagat tatttgtct gatttgtta 
tttattaca ttggtctcg ctaacagga cttgtacat 
aatatattt acttccaaa aatgtgtat aacaaagtt 
tattaaact atgtgcttt aac

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY