Status
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Gene information
General information
TC032174
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC001112 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 11152852..11175574
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032174
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
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    Email
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    Publish name
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_07879

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 40.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032174 RA
      MERMESLSD PALCLQDLV TGVTTSSAN SDMHGVHHL 
HDSVSSAVS VSSAITGIM SGASASVLG HHVTSHEPP 
HHHGVVPHT PSLHHEPLE KLKRVWAET GDFRDAHSG 
MSGSTMDHP QLPFPTAAR NSRTRDRKG SRSLSDPIK 
TESGVGVDS TDGDDGKND KKTKRQRRQ RTHFTSQQL 
QELEATFAR NRYPDMSTR EEIAMWTNL TEARVRVWF 
KNRRAKWRK RERNAMNAM NAAAEFKTG FGTQFNGLM 
PTFGDTDTL YSSYSYNNW ATKVPSPLG TKPFWSVVP 
PNHHQSPVN CFNAATSVA AASMSGAAG TMLPGGMSS 
GLTSTPTAV APQPCPYTT PANPYSMYH HRAATEPCS 
AMSSSIASL RLKAKQHTG FVGYSSVSP VRSSSAGLS 
ACQYAGSGI GVGERPG
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032174 RA
      atggagcgg atggaatcg ctgtctgat cccgcattg 
tgcctccaa gacctagtg acgggcgtg acaacatcc 
tcggcgaac tccgacatg cacggggtc caccacctg 
cacgactcc gtcagctcg gccgtttcg gtgagctca 
gcgatcacc ggaatcatg agcggggct tcggcctcc 
gtgctgggc caccacgtc acctcgcac gagccgccg 
caccaccac ggagtggtg ccccacacg ccgtccctc 
caccacgag cccttggag aagctgaaa cgtgtttgg 
gccgagacc ggagatttc cgcgacgcc cattccgga 
atgtcagga tctaccatg gaccaccct caactgcct 
tttcccacc gccgcgagg aacagtcga acgagagac 
cggaaaggc agcagatcg ttgtccgac cccatcaaa 
acagagtcg ggggtaggt gtggattcg acggatggc 
gacgatggg aaaaatgac aagaaaacg aaacggcag 
cggaggcaa agaacacac ttcactagt cagcagctg 
caagagctg gaagcgact tttgcccgg aatcggtat 
ccggacatg agtaccaga gaagagatt gcgatgtgg 
acgaatttg accgaagcg agagtgagg gtgtggttc 
aaaaaccgc cgcgccaag tggcggaaa cgcgaacgc 
aacgccatg aacgcaatg aacgccgcc gccgagttc 
aaaactggc ttcgggacg caattcaac ggcttgatg 
cccactttc ggcgacacc gacaccctc tactcctcc 
tacagctac aacaactgg gcgacgaag gtgcccagc 
cccctcggc accaagccc ttctggtcg gtggtgccg 
cccaaccac caccagagc cccgtgaac tgcttcaac 
gccgccacg tcggtggcg gcggcctcc atgtcgggg 
gcggcgggc accatgctc cccggcggc atgagctcg 
gggctgacc agcactccg acggccgtg gccccccag 
ccgtgcccc tacaccacc cccgccaac ccctactcc 
atgtaccac cacagggct gcgacggag ccctgcagc 
gccatgtcc tccagcata gcatcgctg aggctcaag 
gcgaagcag cacactggc tttgtgggg tattcgagt 
gttagtccg gtgaggtcg tcttcggca gggctgtca 
gcgtgccag tatgcggga agcgggata ggggtgggt 
gagaggcct ggctga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032174 RA
      cgcgttggg aagtggccc agattacag agactttgc 
agtatcaag tcctaaccc gatatctgt acggccgct 
aagcgctta agacttttt aatactttc ataggattt 
cgtgaaaac cgccctgca tttgcagtg gcagtgatt 
tgtaagata ttaacggcg cggacaaac ggtttcatg 
acaaggatt ttcgagtgg atgatcgcg gatttattt 
atgtttttc cggtgtttt attgagatt ttcgggagt 
gctgaaagg actgtgata gatttgtga ttcgacgat 
ttcgtcctg gacatcgca cgaggattc taacaggtg 
gcacacatc agcggcgat gttatcgac ctagacgtc 
gtgcagtaa accctcgaa aaaataatt tgatcgcgc 
gcgcgtgca ttccaactt aaatcctgt aataactca 
aatggagcg gatggaatc gctgtctga tcccgcatt 
gtgcctcca agacctagt gacgggcgt gacaacatc 
ctcggcgaa ctccgacat gcacggggt ccaccacct 
gcacgactc cgtcagctc ggccgtttc ggtgagctc 
agcgatcac cggaatcat gagcggggc ttcggcctc 
cgtgctggg ccaccacgt cacctcgca cgagccgcc 
gcaccacca cggagtggt gccccacac gccgtccct 
ccaccacga gcccttgga gaagctgaa acgtgtttg 
ggccgagac cggagattt ccgcgacgc ccattccgg 
aatgtcagg atctaccat ggaccaccc tcaactgcc 
ttttcccac cgccgcgag gaacagtcg aacgagaga 
ccggaaagg cagcagatc gttgtccga ccccatcaa 
aacagagtc gggggtagg tgtggattc gacggatgg 
cgacgatgg gaaaaatga caagaaaac gaaacggca 
gcggaggca aagaacaca cttcactag tcagcagct 
gcaagagct ggaagcgac ttttgcccg gaatcggta 
tccggacat gagtaccag agaagagat tgcgatgtg 
gacgaattt gaccgaagc gagagtgag ggtgtggtt 
caaaaaccg ccgcgccaa gtggcggaa acgcgaacg 
caacgccat gaacgcaat gaacgccgc cgccgagtt 
caaaactgg cttcgggac gcaattcaa cggcttgat 
gcccacttt cggcgacac cgacaccct ctactcctc 
ctacagcta caacaactg ggcgacgaa ggtgcccag 
ccccctcgg caccaagcc cttctggtc ggtggtgcc 
gcccaacca ccaccagag ccccgtgaa ctgcttcaa 
cgccgccac gtcggtggc ggcggcctc catgtcggg 
ggcggcggg caccatgct ccccggcgg catgagctc 
ggggctgac cagcactcc gacggccgt ggcccccca 
gccgtgccc ctacaccac ccccgccaa cccctactc 
catgtacca ccacagggc tgcgacgga gccctgcag 
cgccatgtc ctccagcat agcatcgct gaggctcaa 
ggcgaagca gcacactgg ctttgtggg gtattcgag 
tgttagtcc ggtgaggtc gtcttcggc agggctgtc 
agcgtgcca gtatgcggg aagcgggat aggggtggg 
tgagaggcc tggctgaga gcacgatct ggccttggt 
ggcccaatt aaaacacga agaccaaga cgattgata 
agataagta cggttaaac aaacacgaa gttaggtgt 
ttgcgaatg ataaggggg taaaatggc aggcggatt 
ccattacgc ggatatttc gccaaagaa ttcgctaat 
ttgctaagg cgcaattaa ttcagaaca tattgtttt 
aaacgaggc agcaattta ataaagcgc gatacaatg 
aatcaaatt aaaattttc aaatgagtg caaatgtga 
aaaatttgc tttgaatat ttaagtacc aaaaaagac 
cgatttctt gaaaactaa ctgagaagt tcttcacta 
aatatgaaa gaccagtgg ttcgttggt tcttcagtt 
tgttaatta tctttacga tctttaagc tttaaaaat 
ttttttctt ttgctcttt taaaatatt tttaatgcc 
gctgtacct cgttttcag ttcgtttaa actacaagt 
tagaccatt cgaattttt gtgtttgtt actataaat 
aacgagttt tttttataa gtattttat tgttatact 
gcagttaga aaattgtta atcaacaag gtttttgtt 
accaatcat tgtagaaaa atttatttt ttatttttt 
tataatgta cataactcc tttctgcag taaagcatt 
cagctgcct cacaaaaat gagatcatt ttggtaatt 
ttattaaat aaagtataa ctttacac

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY