Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031655
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC001815,TC001816 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NW_015450299.1: 3410..11559
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031655
    iBeetle screen iB_07724

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 70.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult nutritional state bad (cachectic) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031655 RA
      MEPSSSKVY KIKCCVPGC NDTTSKRHR FPKDVDLCN 
SWVQNIGCP KLSTLSTAE LYNKFVCDI HFEEYYRVP 
GTKRGLRKD AIPSLQLSR LGKEVEVSL SAVMVEPLP 
GTSKDLDST QVVLQDVQS STSGTSPAT REEVFTPPN 
LPTKSSDGR KRHGILQAV GARRAKDLT PRCKKFYAL 
VGKWARQTA VKQHRIRNL TNRLREAEK VEKNYGQCE 
ECVKMLTHS DGDIPMAVI EARQYRLST FTKPGSYLT 
NLVSQYKAF ARSLKGAQK IKPKYGATT VEKLDNSSA 
PPSSTPTYF EKNKGLVAR SHLIKTWTT TISSIQDKF 
INKRNVFWA SSGVAASSV VVEPIPEPP PVPPEAAET 
VSEIVSQVN ALGEPTFAS LGLGGKTPV GIAQTCFEY 
LHINLGVPW WEAIVIGTL VIRICLFPL VIIAQRNAA 
KMNNYMPQL QAIQLKMTE ARQSGNQLE VARYSQELM 
IFMKEKQLN PLKNMIVPL AQMPVFVSF FMALREMSN 
VPIESLRTG GLWWFTDLT VPDQYFLMP LITSATLFA 
TIELGTDTA KLSSQNLQT MKYVLRAVP VIVLPFTIN 
FPGAILCYW VSSNFISLL QVGFLKIPK VRNFFKIEP 
MVTHKNLPM KPKGFTEGL KDSWTNLKI TRELEERQR 
IDEMQFQKA GRGPIVKTY KYDPTKQTS SAISAKKR
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031655 RA
      atggagcct tcttcttca aaagtgtat aaaattaag 
tgctgtgta ccaggttgt aatgataca accagtaag 
cgacatcgt tttcctaaa gacgtcgat ttgtgcaat 
tcttgggta caaaatatt ggttgtccg aaactatcc 
actttatca acagcagag ctttacaac aagtttgtg 
tgtgatata cattttgaa gagtattac cgggtacct 
ggtacgaag agggggcta cggaaggac gccattcca 
agcctgcaa ttatctagg ctgggcaag gaggtggag 
gtgagcttg tcagctgtt atggtagag cctttgcct 
gggacttca aaagatcta gattctaca caagttgtt 
ctgcaagat gtccaatcg tccacgtca ggtacatct 
ccagccaca agagaagaa gtttttact cctcctaat 
cttccaacg aaatcttca gatggtaga aagcggcat 
gggatatta caagctgta ggtgcaagg cgagccaag 
gatttaact ccaaggtgc aaaaagttt tatgcgctc 
gttggcaag tgggctcgg caaactgct gtaaaacaa 
cacaggata cgcaactta acgaaccga ttgcgagaa 
gcggaaaaa gttgaaaaa aactatggc caatgtgaa 
gaatgtgtc aagatgctg acacattct gatggtgac 
attccgatg gcagtaatt gaagccaga cagtaccgc 
ctgtcaact ttcacaaag cctggaagc tatttaaca 
aacttagtc tcgcaatat aaagccttc gctaggtcc 
ctcaagggg gcacagaaa attaaaccc aagtatggg 
gccacaaca gttgaaaaa ctcgacaat tctagtgcg 
cccccttca tcaaccccc acctacttc gaaaaaaac 
aaagggctt gtagctagg tcccacttg attaaaaca 
tggaccacg acaatttcc tcaattcag gacaagttt 
attaacaag aggaacgta ttttgggct tccagtggt 
gtggcagcg tcgtcagtg gtcgtagag ccgatccct 
gagccccca ccggtgccc cccgaagcc gcagagaca 
gtttcggaa atagtcagt caagtgaat gcgttaggt 
gagcccact tttgcctcc ttggggctg gggggcaag 
acaccggtc gggatcgca cagacgtgc ttcgagtac 
ctccatata aatctgggg gtgccgtgg tgggaggca 
atagtcata ggaacgcta gttattcgc atttgtttg 
tttcctttg gttataata gcgcagaga aatgcggct 
aaaatgaac aattacatg ccacagctg caggcaatt 
cagctgaag atgaccgaa gctagacag tcagggaat 
cagttggag gtggcgaga tattcgcaa gagttgatg 
atttttatg aaggagaaa cagttgaat ccgcttaaa 
aatatgata gtgcctcta gcacagatg cccgttttc 
gtgtcattt ttcatggct ttgagggag atgtccaat 
gtcccgatt gagagcttg aggacaggg gggctgtgg 
tggtttact gatttgaca gttcctgat cagtatttt 
ttgatgcct ctgatcaca agtgccaca ctttttgcc 
acaattgag ttgggtaca gatacagcg aaactgtca 
tcacagaat ttgcaaacg atgaaatac gtgttgagg 
gccgttcct gtaattgtc cttcccttc acaattaat 
tttccgggg gctattttg tgctattgg gtgtcttcg 
aattttatt tcgttgctc caagttgga tttttgaaa 
attccaaaa gtgaggaat tttttcaaa attgagcca 
atggtcacg cataagaat ttgccaatg aagcccaaa 
gggttcacg gagggcttg aaggattcg tggactaac 
ttaaaaatc acacgcgaa ttggaggaa cgtcaaaga 
atagacgaa atgcaattt caaaaagct ggacgtggc 
cccattgtc aagacttac aaatacgac ccaacaaaa 
cagacttca tcggcgatt agtgccaaa aaacggtaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031655 RA
      taattgatg gagccttct tcttcaaaa gtgtataaa 
attaagtgc tgtgtacca ggttgtaat gatacaacc 
agtaagcga catcgtttt cctaaagac gtcgatttg 
tgcaattct tgggtacaa aatattggt tgtccgaaa 
ctatccact ttatcaaca gcagagctt tacaacaag 
tttgtgtgt gatatacat tttgaagag tattaccgg 
gtacctggt acgaagagg gggctacgg aaggacgcc 
attccaagc ctgcaatta tctaggctg ggcaaggag 
gtggaggtg agcttgtca gctgttatg gtagagcct 
ttgcctggg acttcaaaa gatctagat tctacacaa 
gttgttctg caagatgtc caatcgtcc acgtcaggt 
acatctcca gccacaaga gaagaagtt tttactcct 
cctaatctt ccaacgaaa tcttcagat ggtagaaag 
cggcatggg atattacaa gctgtaggt gcaaggcga 
gccaaggat ttaactcca aggtgcaaa aagttttat 
gcgctcgtt ggcaagtgg gctcggcaa actgctgta 
aaacaacac aggatacgc aacttaacg aaccgattg 
cgagaagcg gaaaaagtt gaaaaaaac tatggccaa 
tgtgaagaa tgtgtcaag atgctgaca cattctgat 
ggtgacatt ccgatggca gtaattgaa gccagacag 
taccgcctg tcaactttc acaaagcct ggaagctat 
ttaacaaac ttagtctcg caatataaa gccttcgct 
aggtccctc aagggggca cagaaaatt aaacccaag 
tatggggcc acaacagtt gaaaaactc gacaattct 
agtgcgccc ccttcatca acccccacc tacttcgaa 
aaaaacaaa gggcttgta gctaggtcc cacttgatt 
aaaacatgg accacgaca atttcctca attcaggac 
aagtttatt aacaagagg aacgtattt tgggcttcc 
agtggtgtg gcagcgtcg tcagtggtc gtagagccg 
atccctgag cccccaccg gtgcccccc gaagccgca 
gagacagtt tcggaaata gtcagtcaa gtgaatgcg 
ttaggtgag cccactttt gcctccttg gggctgggg 
ggcaagaca ccggtcggg atcgcacag acgtgcttc 
gagtacctc catataaat ctgggggtg ccgtggtgg 
gaggcaata gtcatagga acgctagtt attcgcatt 
tgtttgttt cctttggtt ataatagcg cagagaaat 
gcggctaaa atgaacaat tacatgcca cagctgcag 
gcaattcag ctgaagatg accgaagct agacagtca 
gggaatcag ttggaggtg gcgagatat tcgcaagag 
ttgatgatt tttatgaag gagaaacag ttgaatccg 
cttaaaaat atgatagtg cctctagca cagatgccc 
gttttcgtg tcatttttc atggctttg agggagatg 
tccaatgtc ccgattgag agcttgagg acagggggg 
ctgtggtgg tttactgat ttgacagtt cctgatcag 
tattttttg atgcctctg atcacaagt gccacactt 
tttgccaca attgagttg ggtacagat acagcgaaa 
ctgtcatca cagaatttg caaacgatg aaatacgtg 
ttgagggcc gttcctgta attgtcctt cccttcaca 
attaatttt ccgggggct attttgtgc tattgggtg 
tcttcgaat tttatttcg ttgctccaa gttggattt 
ttgaaaatt ccaaaagtg aggaatttt ttcaaaatt 
gagccaatg gtcacgcat aagaatttg ccaatgaag 
cccaaaggg ttcacggag ggcttgaag gattcgtgg 
actaactta aaaatcaca cgcgaattg gaggaacgt 
caaagaata gacgaaatg caatttcaa aaagctgga 
cgtggcccc attgtcaag acttacaaa tacgaccca 
acaaaacag acttcatcg gcgattagt gccaaaaaa 
cggtaaaat ttgttacgg atttaggta aacaaataa 
ataatttag ttttat
    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY