Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031594 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NW_015451355.1: 0..2873
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
      		TC031594
      Gene ontology

      GO terms for Tribolium

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      There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


      GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

      Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


      Gene
      {{ goGene }}
      The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
      GO ID *
      {{ blurIdResult }}
      The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
      Evidence
      {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
      The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
      Reference *
      {{ blurReferenceResult }}
      The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
      Quotation
      If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
      Name
      You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
      Email
      We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
      Publish name
      If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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      * : mandatory fields
      For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
      iBeetle screen iB_07654

      Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

      iB sequence
      Phenotype after pupal injection
      Usually 10 injected animals

      Pupal injection procedure

      Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

      3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

      9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

      11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

      Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

      13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
      The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

      14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
      Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

      15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
      Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

      22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
      Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

      Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

      larval pantagmatic defects
      At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
      empty eggs
      Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
      strong defects
      L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
      strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
      No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
      cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
      Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
      cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
      At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
      number of eggs on slide
      affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
      For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
      total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
      Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
      inside-out
      The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
      starved
      Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
      eclosion not fulfilled
      The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
      Please see the help page for more information
      Metamorphosis and survival

      Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 20.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

      adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (9 dpi)
      Days post injection

      Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
      number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

      embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

      affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
      Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
      number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
       embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
      affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
      Phenotype after larval injection
      Usually 10 injected animals

      Larval injection procedure

      Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

      11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

      16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

      19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

      22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

      41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

      Terms used in the larval injection procedure

      pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
      At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
      pupal molt not fulfilled
      The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
      eclosion not fulfilled
      The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
      starved
      Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
      Metamorphosis and survival

      Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
      Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

      RNAi sequence
      Primers
      Left: Right:
      Protein sequence
      • >TC031594 RA
        MNKNSHDDN PYGVTASVA APVRTRRDV QSHTGNSRA 
SGTLQCSRP TRSNRNITS TSVNESSTS SDESGTFSE 
SPRRLALPN RRAPPLGNV RRRKKWSSD DNSDLLRAY 
LRATKYDTC KFGFRKRML IEWRLMRPE SVLTENQLA 
TQLTSIKRN NLVPEIITQ TIRTEEMER MRRETDNSN 
TIKTNNDTE NAEINVENE QPQIDKEEQ IETTRMDQE 
IETKRTELI NEDKIRIIN HFEVLKLSY QDTEANHRP 
SLRKIKPNK KVHTLLQYL NNYIRESTT DADFPNIEA 
VQTIVYCVA RAVTEEVVP EQPGERTIN KPSEVKVPK 
WKERIEKKI NRIRSTLNK INDWKKNKG GRKLRKEVK 
SIMKSMNLK MNDEHLDRN LAVKINEMK QKIAVFGKK 
LRRYNLSHK RKTQNKLFS KNEKTFYAS LNNTTTTPS 
TSNTVPIGE LEEFWRNIW KNKGDHKKE APWIVEEKQ 
RMNETPGME SCNITITDV HEVVRKLHN WKAPGPDKI 
QNFWWKNLT AVHSYLVRH INNIIEHPE ETPQFITLG 
ITYMKAKSE DLSKPQNYR PITCLNTLY KIITSLLAN 
KIDNHVDEN QILTEEQKG CRRKTQGCK EQLIIDGII 
ANEAKKRHR NVSVAWLDY QKAFDSVPH SYLIDVLNI 
YKVNGKIVN FLQHCMKSW RTQLLVNND RKTSVKTNP 
IPIESGIFQ GDSLSPILF IICLNPLSR LLQSSNLGY 
KLKGSSTQR LSHLLYVDD AKLYAENEQ DLGKLLTIT 
KTFSENIRM KFGYDKCAK IIYKKGKKT TSQNIEHLN 
IKELDDTEK YKYLGLDQH LIRDTKELK DKTEKKLHT 
RINKILNTS LNGKNKVKA VNTWAIPTI TYTFRNRYD 
SKPNPSHKC VSHQTLPTT TIRRKRTLE LGTPLEETN
      CDS sequence
      • >TC031594 RA
        atgaataaa aattcgcat gatgataat ccatacggc 
gtgacggcg agtgtggct gctcccgtt cggacacgt 
cgtgatgtt cagtcacac actggaaac agtagagcg 
agtggtact ctccagtgt tcacggccc acaagatcg 
aatcggaac ataacatct acttctgtc aatgagtca 
agcacatcc tcggatgag tcgggcaca ttctcagaa 
tccccaagg agactggcc ctccccaat aggagagcc 
cctccttta ggaaacgta agacgacgc aagaaatgg 
agtagtgac gataatagt gacctccta agagcgtac 
ctccgagca acaaaatat gacacgtgc aaattcgga 
ttcaggaaa cgtatgctg attgaatgg agattgatg 
agaccagaa agtgtacta actgaaaac caactagca 
acacaactg acatcaatc aaaagaaat aacttagta 
ccagagatc ataacacaa accatcaga actgaggaa 
atggaaaga atgagaaga gaaaccgat aattccaac 
actattaaa acaaacaat gatacagaa aatgctgag 
ataaatgtc gagaatgaa caaccacag atagataaa 
gaagaacaa atagaaaca acaagaatg gaccaagaa 
atagaaact aaaagaaca gaattaata aatgaagat 
aaaatccga attattaac cattttgaa gtcttgaaa 
ctctcctat caagacaca gaagctaat cacagaccc 
agcttgaga aaaataaaa ccaaacaag aaagtacat 
acacttctt caatactta aacaactat attcgtgag 
agtaccact gacgctgac tttccgaac atcgaagca 
gtgcagaca atcgtctat tgtgtagca agagcagtc 
acagaagaa gtagtacca gagcaacca ggagagaga 
acgataaac aaaccctct gaagtgaaa gtaccaaaa 
tggaaagaa agaatagag aagaaaatc aacagaata 
cggagcaca ctcaacaag ataaacgac tggaaaaag 
aacaaaggt ggacgaaaa ctgagaaag gaagtaaaa 
tcaattatg aagagtatg aacctaaag atgaatgac 
gaacatctt gacagaaac ttagcagta aaaataaat 
gagatgaaa cagaaaata gcagtattt ggaaagaag 
ttacgaaga tacaactta agtcacaaa agaaaaaca 
cagaacaaa ctcttctca aaaaatgaa aaaacattc 
tatgcatct ctaaacaac acaacaaca actcccagt 
acatcgaac acagtaccc attggagag cttgaagag 
ttctggcga aacatctgg aaaaacaaa ggggaccat 
aaaaaagaa gcaccatgg attgtagag gaaaaacaa 
agaatgaat gaaacacct ggaatggaa tcatgcaac 
atcacaata accgatgta catgaagtt gtccggaaa 
ctacacaat tggaaagca cccggccct gacaaaatc 
cagaacttc tggtggaaa aacttaacg gcagtacac 
tcatatcta gtacgacac ataaacaac atcattgaa 
cacccagaa gaaacacca caattcatc acactaggg 
ataacatat atgaaagca aaaagcgaa gatctttct 
aaacctcaa aactacaga cccataact tgtttgaac 
accctatac aaaatcata acatcactg ctcgcaaac 
aagatcgac aaccatgta gacgaaaat caaattcta 
acagaagaa caaaagggc tgtagacgg aagacccag 
gggtgcaaa gagcaattg attatagat ggcataatc 
gccaatgaa gcaaagaaa agacataga aatgtaagt 
gtagcctgg cttgactac caaaaagcc ttcgactct 
gtacctcat tcatactta atcgacgta cttaacatc 
tacaaagtc aatggcaaa attgttaac tttctccaa 
cattgcatg aagtcatgg cgaacacaa ctcttagtc 
aataatgac cgaaaaaca tccgtgaaa accaaccca 
attccgatt gaaagtggc atcttccaa ggagactcc 
ttgagccct atcttgttc ataatctgc ctaaatcca 
ctctcaaga ctgcttcaa tcctctaac cttggctac 
aaactaaaa ggctcatca acacaacga ctcagccac 
ctcttgtac gtcgacgat gccaagtta tatgcagaa 
aacgaacaa gatctcgga aaactgctc accatcaca 
aaaacattc agtgagaac atccgtatg aaatttgga 
tatgacaag tgtgccaag atcatctac aaaaaaggg 
aaaaaaacg accagccag aacattgaa cacctcaac 
atcaaggaa ttggacgac actgaaaag tacaaatac 
ttaggactg gaccaacat ctaatacga gacacaaaa 
gaactgaaa gataaaaca gagaagaaa ctacataca 
agaataaac aagatccta aacacaagt ctgaatgga 
aaaaacaaa gtgaaagcc gtaaacacc tgggcaata 
ccaacaata acctacaca tttaggaac cgatatgac 
agcaaaccg aatccatca cacaaatgc gtcagtcat 
cagactcta cctaccacg acgatccgg aggaagagg 
actcttgaa cttggaaca cctctggaa gaaactaac 
taa
      mRNA sequence
      • >TC031594 RA
        acaccacca aacaccaaa aaagcaaaa tgaataaaa 
attcgcatg atgataatc catacggcg tgacggcga 
gtgtggctg ctcccgttc ggacacgtc gtgatgttc 
agtcacaca ctggaaaca gtagagcga gtggtactc 
tccagtgtt cacggccca caagatcga atcggaaca 
taacatcta cttctgtca atgagtcaa gcacatcct 
cggatgagt cgggcacat tctcagaat ccccaagga 
gactggccc tccccaata ggagagccc ctcctttag 
gaaacgtaa gacgacgca agaaatgga gtagtgacg 
ataatagtg acctcctaa gagcgtacc tccgagcaa 
caaaatatg acacgtgca aattcggat tcaggaaac 
gtatgctga ttgaatgga gattgatga gaccagaaa 
gtgtactaa ctgaaaacc aactagcaa cacaactga 
catcaatca aaagaaata acttagtac cagagatca 
taacacaaa ccatcagaa ctgaggaaa tggaaagaa 
tgagaagag aaaccgata attccaaca ctattaaaa 
caaacaatg atacagaaa atgctgaga taaatgtcg 
agaatgaac aaccacaga tagataaag aagaacaaa 
tagaaacaa caagaatgg accaagaaa tagaaacta 
aaagaacag aattaataa atgaagata aaatccgaa 
ttattaacc attttgaag tcttgaaac tctcctatc 
aagacacag aagctaatc acagaccca gcttgagaa 
aaataaaac caaacaaga aagtacata cacttcttc 
aatacttaa acaactata ttcgtgaga gtaccactg 
acgctgact ttccgaaca tcgaagcag tgcagacaa 
tcgtctatt gtgtagcaa gagcagtca cagaagaag 
tagtaccag agcaaccag gagagagaa cgataaaca 
aaccctctg aagtgaaag taccaaaat ggaaagaaa 
gaatagaga agaaaatca acagaatac ggagcacac 
tcaacaaga taaacgact ggaaaaaga acaaaggtg 
gacgaaaac tgagaaagg aagtaaaat caattatga 
agagtatga acctaaaga tgaatgacg aacatcttg 
acagaaact tagcagtaa aaataaatg agatgaaac 
agaaaatag cagtatttg gaaagaagt tacgaagat 
acaacttaa gtcacaaaa gaaaaacac agaacaaac 
tcttctcaa aaaatgaaa aaacattct atgcatctc 
taaacaaca caacaacaa ctcccagta catcgaaca 
cagtaccca ttggagagc ttgaagagt tctggcgaa 
acatctgga aaaacaaag gggaccata aaaaagaag 
caccatgga ttgtagagg aaaaacaaa gaatgaatg 
aaacacctg gaatggaat catgcaaca tcacaataa 
ccgatgtac atgaagttg tccggaaac tacacaatt 
ggaaagcac ccggccctg acaaaatcc agaacttct 
ggtggaaaa acttaacgg cagtacact catatctag 
tacgacaca taaacaaca tcattgaac acccagaag 
aaacaccac aattcatca cactaggga taacatata 
tgaaagcaa aaagcgaag atctttcta aacctcaaa 
actacagac ccataactt gtttgaaca ccctataca 
aaatcataa catcactgc tcgcaaaca agatcgaca 
accatgtag acgaaaatc aaattctaa cagaagaac 
aaaagggct gtagacgga agacccagg ggtgcaaag 
agcaattga ttatagatg gcataatcg ccaatgaag 
caaagaaaa gacatagaa atgtaagtg tagcctggc 
ttgactacc aaaaagcct tcgactctg tacctcatt 
catacttaa tcgacgtac ttaacatct acaaagtca 
atggcaaaa ttgttaact ttctccaac attgcatga 
agtcatggc gaacacaac tcttagtca ataatgacc 
gaaaaacat ccgtgaaaa ccaacccaa ttccgattg 
aaagtggca tcttccaag gagactcct tgagcccta 
tcttgttca taatctgcc taaatccac tctcaagac 
tgcttcaat cctctaacc ttggctaca aactaaaag 
gctcatcaa cacaacgac tcagccacc tcttgtacg 
tcgacgatg ccaagttat atgcagaaa acgaacaag 
atctcggaa aactgctca ccatcacaa aaacattca 
gtgagaaca tccgtatga aatttggat atgacaagt 
gtgccaaga tcatctaca aaaaaggga aaaaaacga 
ccagccaga acattgaac acctcaaca tcaaggaat 
tggacgaca ctgaaaagt acaaatact taggactgg 
accaacatc taatacgag acacaaaag aactgaaag 
ataaaacag agaagaaac tacatacaa gaataaaca 
agatcctaa acacaagtc tgaatggaa aaaacaaag 
tgaaagccg taaacacct gggcaatac caacaataa 
cctacacat ttaggaacc gatatgaca gcaaaccga 
atccatcac acaaatgcg tcagtcatc agactctac 
ctaccacga cgatccgga ggaagagga ctcttgaac 
ttggaacac ctctggaag aaactaact aaactgaaa 
ctgcaagaa tctgaagac ccatattac acatatgta 
ccacaacca gtcattgaa acagacagc tggaaagtg 
tactgggac atcacga

      If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
      Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

      The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY