Status
Please wait ...
Gene information
General information
TC032990
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC013897,TC013896 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007420.3: 414874..431199
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032990
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

    • {{ goTerm.term }}
      ({{ goTerm.evidence }}){{ goTerm.evidenceTooltip }}
      {{goTerm.showAll ? '[-]' : '[+]'}}
      Status: {{ goTerm.status }}
      Evidence: {{ goTerm.evidence }} ({{ goTerm.evidenceTooltip }})
      Reference: {{ goTerm.referenceText }}
      Quotation: {{ goTerm.quotation }}
      Submitter: {{ goTerm.name }}

    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
    {{ blurIdResult }}
    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
      {{ unavailableText }}

    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_05519

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 30.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50 embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 30.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 57.14% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Adult morphology
    legs partiallypigmentation/tanning decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3


    metathoracic leg tarsus irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2

    Fertility
    mature egg deposition 2 number 2nd lateral oviduct: number 1st lateral oviduct: blocked - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
    iBeetle screen iB_05520

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 40.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    previtellogenic egg chamber not present - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5

    vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5

    vitellogenic egg chamber structure irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032990 RA
      MLEPYAPSS IWLVVVGFV IAFILAFGI GANDVANSF 
GTSVGSKVL TIVQACCLA TVFEVAGAI LIGYKVSDT 
MRKGILDIK VYNDAEVEL MLGSLSALT SSAAWLMVA 
TFFKLPISG THSIVGATV GYSLVARGT RGVHWGTLA 
KIVGSWFIS PVLSGVTSV CILLIIKYL ILSKPDPLE 
AGLFSLPLF YSFTILVNV FSIVHDGPK LLYMDNIPF 
WLATTISLS IAFLTMIFI WLVVVPWQR RKIKADLLA 
EKPTVNFNI GESTDTSPE GSPRKSNRN STALSERQL 
TVISESTEL QAMENKKTA AKYIFPLQT NDNKNGYMP 
AKETEIHTR PKTLKLVES TNEVNPTLS PSSSGVPLI 
INKNTRTQS DQGMCALDI KDNESTLVE NKSVSKLFS 
FLQVLTAMF GSFAHGGND VSNAIGPLV TLWLIYTEG 
TVHQKSETP LYILLFGGF GISVGLWLW GRRVIQTIG 
EDLTTITPS TGFTIEIGA AFTVLLASK IGIPISTTH 
CKVGSVVFV GYFSSSKKG VDWSLFRNI ISAWLITVP 
IAALLSAAT MFLLRYIVL D
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032990 RA
      atgttggaa ccctacgcc cccagttcg atatggctt 
gtggtggta ggattcgta atcgccttc atcctggcc 
ttcggcatc ggagccaac gacgtcgcc aactccttt 
gggaccagc gtgggctcc aaagtcctc accatagtc 
caggcgtgc tgtttggcc acggttttc gaagtggcc 
ggtgctatt ctcataggt tacaaggtc tcggacacc 
atgaggaag ggcatcctg gatatcaaa gtgtacaat 
gacgccgaa gtcgagctt atgttgggc tctctgagc 
gctttgaca tcgagtgcc gcctggctg atggtcgca 
acgttcttc aagttgccc atttcaggg actcacagc 
atcgtgggc gcgacggtg gggtacagt ctcgtcgcc 
agggggacc aggggcgtg cactggggc acgcttgcc 
aaaattgtg gggtcctgg tttatctcc ccggtgctg 
agtggtgta acttcagtc tgcattttg ttaattata 
aagtacttg attttatcg aaacctgat cctctcgaa 
gcaggtctc ttctcgttg ccccttttt tacagtttt 
acgatatta gttaacgtt ttttccatc gtacacgat 
ggtcctaaa ttgctctac atggacaac ataccgttt 
tggttggcg actaccata agtctttcc atcgccttt 
ctcacaatg attttcatc tggttggtg gtagttcct 
tggcagaga cggaaaatc aaagctgat ttgttagcc 
gagaaaccg actgttaat ttcaacatt ggcgagtct 
acagatacg tcacctgag ggcagtcca cgaaaatcg 
aatcgcaac tcaacggct ttatctgaa cgtcaatta 
accgtaata tccgaaagt accgaactt caagccatg 
gaaaataaa aaaacggcc gctaaatac atcttccca 
ctgcaaacc aatgataac aaaaatggt tacatgccg 
gctaaagag actgaaatc cacaccaga cctaagact 
ttaaaactg gtcgaaagt acaaacgaa gtgaaccca 
actctgtct ccaagctcg agtggagtt cccttaatt 
attaataaa aatactaga acacaaagt gaccaagga 
atgtgtgct ttagatatc aaagataac gaaagcact 
ctcgttgaa aataaaagc gtctccaag ttgttcagt 
tttttgcaa gttttaact gccatgttt ggtagcttt 
gctcatgga ggaaatgat gtcagtaac gcaataggc 
cctttagta actttatgg ctcatctat accgaggga 
acagtgcac caaaaatcg gagactcct ctctacatc 
ttgctgttt ggagggttt ggaatttca gtcggattg 
tggctttgg gggaggaga gttatacaa acgattggg 
gaagatttg accacgata accccctca actggtttt 
acgattgaa atcggtgca gcttttaca gtattacta 
gccagcaaa atcggaata cccatctcg accacccac 
tgtaaagtc ggatcagtt gttttcgtc ggttatttc 
agttcttcg aaaaaagga gtagattgg agtctattt 
aggaacatc atctcagct tggttgata acagtgccc 
attgcagct ttactctct gctgcaacc atgtttctt 
ctacgttac attgttttg gattaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032990 RA
      tgacgaaat ccgccgtcg tctccgaca cagggaagc 
tctaaaagc tgctctcac tccgcatga tgagtgtcc 
aaaaagcct agccaacaa cttcaccac ctccaatca 
actcagaag aatgttgga accctacgc ccccagttc 
gatatggct tgtggtggt aggattcgt aatcgcctt 
catcctggc cttcggcat cggagccaa cgacgtcgc 
caactcctt tgggaccag cgtgggctc caaagtcct 
caccatagt ccaggcgtg ctgtttggc cacggtttt 
cgaagtggc cggtgctat tctcatagg ttacaaggt 
ctcggacac catgaggaa gggcatcct ggatatcaa 
agtgtacaa tgacgccga agtcgagct tatgttggg 
ctctctgag cgctttgac atcgagtgc cgcctggct 
gatggtcgc aacgttctt caagttgcc catttcagg 
gactcacag catcgtggg cgcgacggt ggggtacag 
tctcgtcgc cagggggac caggggcgt gcactgggg 
cacgcttgc caaaattgt ggggtcctg gtttatctc 
cccggtgct gagtggtgt aacttcagt ctgcatttt 
gttaattat aaagtactt gattttatc gaaacctga 
tcctctcga agcaggtct cttctcgtt gcccctttt 
ttacagttt tacgatatt agttaacgt tttttccat 
cgtacacga tggtcctaa attgctcta catggacaa 
cataccgtt ttggttggc gactaccat aagtctttc 
catcgcctt tctcacaat gattttcat ctggttggt 
ggtagttcc ttggcagag acggaaaat caaagctga 
tttgttagc cgagaaacc gactgttaa tttcaacat 
tggcgagtc tacagatac gtcacctga gggcagtcc 
acgaaaatc gaatcgcaa ctcaacggc tttatctga 
acgtcaatt aaccgtaat atccgaaag taccgaact 
tcaagccat ggaaaataa aaaaacggc cgctaaata 
catcttccc actgcaaac caatgataa caaaaatgg 
ttacatgcc ggctaaaga gactgaaat ccacaccag 
acctaagac tttaaaact ggtcgaaag tacaaacga 
agtgaaccc aactctgtc tccaagctc gagtggagt 
tcccttaat tattaataa aaatactag aacacaaag 
tgaccaagg aatgtgtgc tttagatat caaagataa 
cgaaagcac tctcgttga aaataaaag cgtctccaa 
gttgttcag ttttttgca agttttaac tgccatgtt 
tggtagctt tgctcatgg aggaaatga tgtcagtaa 
cgcaatagg ccctttagt aactttatg gctcatcta 
taccgaggg aacagtgca ccaaaaatc ggagactcc 
tctctacat cttgctgtt tggagggtt tggaatttc 
agtcggatt gtggctttg ggggaggag agttataca 
aacgattgg ggaagattt gaccacgat aaccccctc 
aactggttt tacgattga aatcggtgc agcttttac 
agtattact agccagcaa aatcggaat acccatctc 
gaccaccca ctgtaaagt cggatcagt tgttttcgt 
cggttattt cagttcttc gaaaaaagg agtagattg 
gagtctatt taggaacat catctcagc ttggttgat 
aacagtgcc cattgcagc tttactctc tgctgcaac 
catgtttct tctacgtta cattgtttt ggattaaga 
cactagtag ctaaatcaa cagataata caggatggc 
gcaaaagta tgttttcaa tttaaactg ggaaaaaca 
aattaattt gtaaataaa ctagatttt ctggtttaa 
ggatatact actcggaca cagctttaa aataaattc 
agtttataa aaatttgct actctatcc gtctcttat 
aataaaaat ctttttgga attgcaaac aaccccttt 
gggaaaatg aaaactcca ctacaatca attataagg 
ttgatgaat ttctagtac aaatatatt tatataaaa 
ata

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY