Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031511
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC013568 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007416.3: 3568778..3575742
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031511
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_05455

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031511 RA
      MKCISVLLF ITIFGGTWR LGRPTCVLE SDFGFTLNC 
AFKKSGLFR VRNLGGVKA HIGLGFSVG DELGFKESL 
SNVENNRRR SAQASRLQA ELIQAQQKM KAENQIRAR 
SPADLPKKS ALPTIPPFK PIPPAPERP DAPKSGIPT 
PAVMGIAVP AYNPMPSPI SRLSAGPAL PEPSKPKVM 
AVVVPMNKV QPSDKLSST NFALRTLPS PNNELPPPS 
TSSSVQALL AANNITEDM LQNALLQRQ QMLAKTRPT 
TTTPKTSVV GNKYANSVG KVMNAPKEY YPVGYDKNF 
DDNFASRVE LPETSFYCG DQKHFPGLY ADEDLGCMV 
FHVCALTDD GLIMKSFLC PESTLFDQT ILKCNWWFY 
VDCKNSKKL YDSNIPISK SYQLMKALT FFSGYKKDS 
ATTPKSKDK D
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031511 RA
      atgaagtgt atcagtgta ttgttgttt ataactata 
tttggcggc acatggcgg ctaggccga ccgacctgc 
gttttggaa tcagatttc ggatttacc ctcaactgt 
gcttttaag aaatctggc ctgtttcga gttagaaat 
cttggtggt gtcaaggct cacataggc ctgggtttt 
agtgtcgga gatgagcta gggtttaaa gaatctctt 
tctaatgtc gagaacaat agaagacga tcggcccaa 
gcgtctcgt ttgcaggcc gagctgatt caagcccag 
caaaaaatg aaggctgag aatcagatt cgagcgcgt 
tcgccagcc gatcttccg aaaaaatcg gctttgccc 
acgatcccg ccgttcaag cccataccc ccggccccg 
gagcgcccg gacgccccc aagtcagga atcccgacc 
ccggctgtg atgggcatt gcagtgccc gcgtacaac 
cccatgcct tcccccatt tcgcggctc tcagcggga 
cccgccctg cccgagccc tccaagccc aaagtgatg 
gcggtcgtc gtcccaatg aacaaagtg caaccaagt 
gataaatta agtagtaca aattttgca ttaaggacg 
ctgccctcg cccaacaac gagctgccg cccccatct 
acctcaagc tccgtgcag gcgctcctg gcggcgaac 
aacatcacc gaagacatg ctgcagaac gccctgctg 
cagaggcag caaatgctg gccaagaca agaccgacc 
acaaccact ccaaaaaca agtgtagtc ggcaataag 
tatgccaac agcgtcgga aaagtcatg aatgcgccc 
aaggaatat tatccggtg gggtatgat aagaacttt 
gacgacaat ttcgcctca agggtcgaa ctgccggaa 
acctccttt tactgcggg gaccagaaa cacttcccg 
ggtctctac gccgatgag gatctaggc tgcatggtg 
tttcacgtt tgcgcttta accgacgat ggtctgatt 
atgaagagc ttcctttgc ccggaatcc acattgttc 
gaccaaaca atactcaag tgcaattgg tggttttac 
gtcgattgc aaaaattcg aaaaaactc tacgactcg 
aatataccc atatcgaag agttatcag ctaatgaaa 
gcgctaaca ttcttctcc gggtacaaa aaagacagc 
gcgacgaca cccaaatcg aaagataaa gactga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031511 RA
      aaagaaggg ggtaaccat tcataccgt tactttgca 
gctgcactg ggtcaactt aacagtctt tccatcgac 
atctgaaga gcggagtcg aggtgtgcg agttggtgt 
ttagccgtc aaggtgctt cagtgcgtg tagtgaatg 
ttgttattt tactttgtg cggcaatga agtgtatca 
gtgtattgt tgtttataa ctatatttg gcggcacat 
ggcggctag gccgaccga cctgcgttt tggaatcag 
atttcggat ttaccctca actgtgctt ttaagaaat 
ctggcctgt ttcgagtta gaaatcttg gtggtgtca 
aggctcaca taggcctgg gttttagtg tcggagatg 
agctagggt ttaaagaat ctctttcta atgtcgaga 
acaatagaa gacgatcgg cccaagcgt ctcgtttgc 
aggccgagc tgattcaag cccagcaaa aaatgaagg 
ctgagaatc agattcgag cgcgttcgc cagccgatc 
ttccgaaaa aatcggctt tgcccacga tcccgccgt 
tcaagccca tacccccgg ccccggagc gcccggacg 
cccccaagt caggaatcc cgaccccgg ctgtgatgg 
gcattgcag tgcccgcgt acaacccca tgccttccc 
ccatttcgc ggctctcag cgggacccg ccctgcccg 
agccctcca agcccaaag tgatggcgg tcgtcgtcc 
caatgaaca aagtgcaac caagtgata aattaagta 
gtacaaatt ttgcattaa ggacgctgc cctcgccca 
acaacgagc tgccgcccc catctacct caagctccg 
tgcaggcgc tcctggcgg cgaacaaca tcaccgaag 
acatgctgc agaacgccc tgctgcaga ggcagcaaa 
tgctggcca agacaagac cgaccacaa ccactccaa 
aaacaagtg tagtcggca ataagtatg ccaacagcg 
tcggaaaag tcatgaatg cgcccaagg aatattatc 
cggtggggt atgataaga actttgacg acaatttcg 
cctcaaggg tcgaactgc cggaaacct ccttttact 
gcggggacc agaaacact tcccgggtc tctacgccg 
atgaggatc taggctgca tggtgtttc acgtttgcg 
ctttaaccg acgatggtc tgattatga agagcttcc 
tttgcccgg aatccacat tgttcgacc aaacaatac 
tcaagtgca attggtggt tttacgtcg attgcaaaa 
attcgaaaa aactctacg actcgaata tacccatat 
cgaagagtt atcagctaa tgaaagcgc taacattct 
tctccgggt acaaaaaag acagcgcga cgacaccca 
aatcgaaag ataaagact gatattttt aaaatttat 
ttttagaat aatcaattt ttgttaagt gttagcaag 
gagtcccta tagcaaata gtttgtttc ccaatcgga 
caccaattt attcacgtt acagtctaa ctggtttcc 
ccactttca cattaatga aagcatttg atttaaagc 
agatcaagc gaatcatca tattcatcc attgcttag 
aaaactaac agtttgcag ttgaacaga aaaactttc 
attgccttg aaaaatgaa aattgttaa ataacacgt 
gattttaag tattaatag actgtgagt tgccttctc 
cttgtttaa cctaagctc aatgtaaaa atctaagtc 
ttattattt attgttaca tagtggtta ttagatact 
tacttcgct aattaagat gtttatcgg atctaagaa 
taattagca tttttatag cattatata ctcgtctga 
ttgttttat ttgtaatgt ttggaaatg tccaagtgg 
ctctttacc cgtctagtg aatttttcg gccccctta 
cgcaaaaaa acgatcagt agcttaaat tttatttca 
tacatctag tcaaatatt tcatgtcag gcctaattt 
cagtaaata ttcttatct gtctggact gctaaatag 
ccactgcca ttgtgtatt cacgggggt acatgacaa 
ttttttatt tagatttat tataacgat atgaaatgg 
ttaggttcc tccaagaat gttttatcg tattgttat 
taccaaata tttatattt ttaattctc atgtttggg 
gagtttctg tgaatgttt gttaatact ttttgtata 
acggcattt tattgttgg taaataaat tatttatta 
catt

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY