Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031157
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC013145,TC013146 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007420.3: 13230082..13256368
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031157
    iBeetle screen iB_05390

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 40.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    beetle stock: bad (increased lethality), adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    beetle stock: bad (increased lethality),
    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality late (L7) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031157 RA
      MRSGPPTLR QHFRLQQHF NAPQQTHTD SNNNSPAYN 
FHLQNKCTV LVQGEVSSA PLVAASAQP SAPTSPQSS 
MLLLQTQTP FGSSSFADL LSAPFSDDP SSVLPPEDL 
DPFPDVALQ SQPASPAPL PSFQETYSV RYNAPFKMD 
EECFNVSYH HPPHHVSAP HHYDYQQLQ YTASSPYYP 
PPQTCSPGF DTLISQETY SLPAYQTAT SELHVSTAL 
SPRQRRASL PLQRSESTS SSESPKLRM PGPSASSSA 
ASSPGGIAE PPSKGPTPP SPSQLCAVC GDTAACQHY 
GVRTCEGCK GFFKRTVQK GSKYVCLAD KACPVDKRR 
RNRCQFCRF QKCLAVGMV KEVVRTDSL KGRRGRLPS 
KPKSPQESP PSPPVSLIT ALVRAHVDT TPDLANLDY 
SQYLEPSPI EPVISEAEK IQQFYTLLT TSVDVIKNF 
ADKIPGFQE LCPEDRELL FQSASLELF VLRLAYRTH 
PNDTKLTFC NGVVLDKQQ CQRSFGDWL HAIMEFCSS 
LMAMEIDIS AFACLCALT LITERHGLK EPHRVEQLQ 
MKIISSLRD HVTYNAEAQ RKAHYFSRL LGKLPELRS 
LSVQGLQRI FYLKLEDLV PAPPLIEKM FVASLPF
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031157 RA
      atgcgctca ggtcctccg actctacgg cagcacttc 
aggcttcag caacacttt aacgcgccg caacagacg 
cacactgac tccaacaac aactcgccc gcatataac 
ttccatctt cagaacaag tgtacagtg ttagtacag 
ggcgaagtc tcaagtgcc cccctggtg gcggcgagc 
gcgcagcct tccgcccca actagtccc cagtcaagt 
atgctcctg ctccagaca cagaccccg tttggctcg 
agcagtttc gcggatctg ctgagtgcg cccttttcg 
gacgacccg agcagcgtc ttgccccct gaagacctc 
gaccccttc ccggacgtc gccctacag tcgcagccg 
gcctctccg gcgccgctt cccagcttc caggagacc 
tactcagtc cgttacaac gctccgttc aaaatggac 
gaagaatgc ttcaacgtc tcctaccac cacccccca 
caccacgtc tccgcgccg caccattac gactaccaa 
caacttcaa tacaccgct tccagccct tactacccg 
cccccgcag acctgcagt cccggcttc gacaccctc 
atctcccaa gaaacctac tccctccca gcctaccaa 
accgccacg tcggaactc cacgtcagc accgcttta 
agcccccgc caacgtcgc gcctctttg cccctccaa 
cgctccgaa agcaccagc agcagcgag agccccaaa 
ctccggatg cccggaccc tccgccagc tcctcggcg 
gcgagttcc cccggaggc atcgccgag ccgccctcc 
aaaggcccc acacccccg tccccatcc caactctgc 
gccgtctgc ggcgacacc gccgcctgc cagcactac 
ggcgtccgc acctgcgag ggctgcaag ggcttcttc 
aaacgcacc gtccagaaa ggctccaag tacgtgtgt 
ctcgccgac aaggcctgc cctgtggac aagaggcgg 
cggaaccgg tgccagttc tgccgcttc cagaagtgt 
ctcgccgtg gggatggtc aaggaggtc gtccggacg 
gactccctg aagggcagg agaggcaga ctgccgtcg 
aaacccaag tctccgcag gaatcacca ccgagtcct 
cccgtctca ctcatcaca gctttagtt cgcgcacat 
gtcgacacc acccctgat ctcgctaat ttagactac 
tcgcaatac ctagagccc agtccgatc gagccggtc 
atctccgaa gccgagaag atccagcag ttctacacc 
ctgctgacc acctcggtg gacgtgatc aagaacttc 
gccgacaag atccccggc ttccaggag ctgtgtccc 
gaagaccgg gagctcctg ttccagtcc gcctctctg 
gagctgttc gtcctccgg ctggcttac cgcacgcac 
ccgaacgac accaaactg acgttctgc aacggcgtc 
gtgctggac aagcagcag tgtcaaagg tccttcggt 
gattggttg catgccatc atggagttc tgcagcagc 
ttgatggcc atggagatt gatatttcg gcgttcgcc 
tgtctgtgt gcactcacc ctcatcacc gagcggcac 
ggtctgaag gagccccac cgtgtggag cagctccaa 
atgaagata atctcctcg ctgagggat catgtgacg 
tacaacgcg gaggcgcag aggaaggcg cactacttt 
agccggcta ttgggcaaa ctgccggag ctgaggtcc 
ttgagcgtg caaggactg cagaggatc ttttacctg 
aagctggaa gacttggtc ccggcccct cccctcatc 
gagaagatg ttcgtagct agcctacct ttctaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031157 RA
      gtgcgtatc tcgcaagaa gttggaccg caagcagca 
aagtgcaag aagtgcatc gcttcgcgg actgaaata 
gtattggtt tcagcgcga cgcggtttc agtgagctt 
tgtggtgga gtgatcttg ccgttatta tgcttgttt 
tatgaagat actgttcgc agtggattc gcctgaaac 
gaaggaagg cgcgcgctc ttctaccaa ttcaccgga 
gtcctcgct ccgggagtc gccaggtga tttgttcga 
tgttggtag ttgatgctc acttttgtc cgcctgctg 
tgttttttc gttgtttat gcatgtgga ctagagact 
agtttagag gattattgc gatgcaacc gttacgaga 
tgcgctcag gtcctccga ctctacggc agcacttca 
ggcttcagc aacacttta acgcgccgc aacagacgc 
acactgact ccaacaaca actcgcccg catataact 
tccatcttc agaacaagt gtacagtgt tagtacagg 
gcgaagtct caagtgccc ccctggtgg cggcgagcg 
cgcagcctt ccgccccaa ctagtcccc agtcaagta 
tgctcctgc tccagacac agaccccgt ttggctcga 
gcagtttcg cggatctgc tgagtgcgc ccttttcgg 
acgacccga gcagcgtct tgccccctg aagacctcg 
accccttcc cggacgtcg ccctacagt cgcagccgg 
cctctccgg cgccgcttc ccagcttcc aggagacct 
actcagtcc gttacaacg ctccgttca aaatggacg 
aagaatgct tcaacgtct cctaccacc accccccac 
accacgtct ccgcgccgc accattacg actaccaac 
aacttcaat acaccgctt ccagccctt actacccgc 
ccccgcaga cctgcagtc ccggcttcg acaccctca 
tctcccaag aaacctact ccctcccag cctaccaaa 
ccgccacgt cggaactcc acgtcagca ccgctttaa 
gcccccgcc aacgtcgcg cctctttgc ccctccaac 
gctccgaaa gcaccagca gcagcgaga gccccaaac 
tccggatgc ccggaccct ccgccagct cctcggcgg 
cgagttccc ccggaggca tcgccgagc cgccctcca 
aaggcccca cacccccgt ccccatccc aactctgcg 
ccgtctgcg gcgacaccg ccgcctgcc agcactacg 
gcgtccgca cctgcgagg gctgcaagg gcttcttca 
aacgcaccg tccagaaag gctccaagt acgtgtgtc 
tcgccgaca aggcctgcc ctgtggaca agaggcggc 
ggaaccggt gccagttct gccgcttcc agaagtgtc 
tcgccgtgg ggatggtca aggaggtcg tccggacgg 
actccctga agggcagga gaggcagac tgccgtcga 
aacccaagt ctccgcagg aatcaccac cgagtcctc 
ccgtctcac tcatcacag ctttagttc gcgcacatg 
tcgacacca cccctgatc tcgctaatt tagactact 
cgcaatacc tagagccca gtccgatcg agccggtca 
tctccgaag ccgagaaga tccagcagt tctacaccc 
tgctgacca cctcggtgg acgtgatca agaacttcg 
ccgacaaga tccccggct tccaggagc tgtgtcccg 
aagaccggg agctcctgt tccagtccg cctctctgg 
agctgttcg tcctccggc tggcttacc gcacgcacc 
cgaacgaca ccaaactga cgttctgca acggcgtcg 
tgctggaca agcagcagt gtcaaaggt ccttcggtg 
attggttgc atgccatca tggagttct gcagcagct 
tgatggcca tggagattg atatttcgg cgttcgcct 
gtctgtgtg cactcaccc tcatcaccg agcggcacg 
gtctgaagg agccccacc gtgtggagc agctccaaa 
tgaagataa tctcctcgc tgagggatc atgtgacgt 
acaacgcgg aggcgcaga ggaaggcgc actacttta 
gccggctat tgggcaaac tgccggagc tgaggtcct 
tgagcgtgc aaggactgc agaggatct tttacctga 
agctggaag acttggtcc cggcccctc ccctcatcg 
agaagatgt tcgtagcta gcctacctt tctaaattg 
ttagttgat atttttcga aacgtgata aactcttct 
atgtgattt gttaaatag gtcgtacgt attagtctt 
tcccgaggg cgagggaac tgcccgaaa atccggtca 
cggcctaaa aaagacgct tttttggga cgatgatgg 
tggggctgg tggactttc gggcagttt cgccagatt 
tcgaattat gttgagaac ttttggtgt tgcagttct 
tgtgcacga tagacacct tttccactt tgagaaaca 
cgtcactgt aacctacta tcgatgttt tttacgttt 
tttgtaaaa attattgtt gcttactct cgtaggctt 
agttcaacc tattgatgt ttgctgttt ctagtgctc 
gggcactca gaactcgat tctgatggt cacaatttt 
tctttgtga cgaactata ttttgaata cgcgaccaa 
gagaacgaa cctgaagat aatactcta agagcagaa 
acttatgtt acaacttta cgtgataaa gatagttag 
ggttatagt aatatattg taagctttt attattttt 
tcaatgtta ccactacac aatcgtgtg gaaccacta 
atatatgcg atataccta gtcaaggca ctgtacata 
cttaaaaaa atattttat ttacacaaa aagaattct 
atattttaa tagttatgt aataaatta cctgtcggg 
agttacctg caactattt aatttttat attcgcttt 
atttgtgta tttttatat gaaactaaa gaatagtcg 
agagctttc cccttgtaa atgttgacc aaaattgta 
gaattgatt cctagtttg agggggttt tactaattt 
cgcgctagt taccagtcg acttgagaa ttaaatgtg 
ccatttcat atctataat ttcatatca acaactgcc 
ttggatcgt aacggatgg actgaaaag agagttacc 
tgaaggaat ggtcgatat ttgggtgtt acctgcacc 
tttattctt taaaaaact tacaccgtc cgcttataa 
tattatagt cttaaagaa aatatacaa gagctttag 
ttgatgtcc ttttcgcac taacggctt cgttcaagg 
aatttaaga aaataattt attgtaaat aagatgcta 
atatagaga tataattgc tattttttt agcatacgg 
ttcgggcaa acgggaacc ttgcaatat tcgtcatct 
ctagaattt tgtacctgc tttatttct atctgtttt 
gtatatttt ggagaaaat atgtgtact taatcgacg 
atcgctatg gattatttt ccaaaaaga actttttta 
ccatgttat aggcattaa tactttttt ttgataggt 
taaccacct atcgtactt aaagcacaa cttgttaac 
tacatttta taaatttat tattgacat gaaacttgc 
cattaaatg ccagttttt acttgctgt attgactag 
attagattt tttaagttt taaattatg ttagatata 
gttaccaac aaatcctat attctacag ctctgtaga 
ttatgtgta atcgtatgt gttagtttt tacctgatt 
ctatcgaaa agtaatgat atacttaag tgaacaatt 
actacagca attatttcg cagatttag atatatcat 
tataatgta tttaaccat ttacagttt acttattta 
tcatatcat tgcctttta cctttttct ttttgttag 
gtatatgaa atatattgt aacaatttt atttgattt 
aataaaagt tatgaagta ac
    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY