Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031250
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC011681,TC011680 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007424.3: 15120002..15122283
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031250
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_05079

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 20.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult nutritional state bad (cachectic) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 80.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 90.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 6 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection


    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    larva lethality late (L7) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (22 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (41 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031250 RA
      MSKLEPLQT LCKHTGRVW DVSWHPKGQ TFASCGEDK 
TIRIWSKDS DSKWSNKVI LTDGHKRTI REIAWSPCG 
NYLASASFD TTTCIWDKK SGEFECNAT LEGHENEVK 
SVSWSKSGR FLATCSRDK SVWIWEIAE EDEYDCAAV 
LSAHTQDVK KVVWHPHDD ILASASYDN TVKLFKEDQ 
SDNDWVCFA TLQGHESTV WSISWDKTG TRIVSCSDD 
ATLKIWQKG QNTEETWKC VCTMSGYHN RTIYDVSWN 
HSSDLIATA CGDDAIRIF KEEEGGDLE APTFSQVTC 
IERAHAQDV NCVAWNPLL SDILVSCSD DGEIKLRLA 
ALSRIKNYY STGPQMSVK EIVKTLQSY APLTLAESW 
DNVGLLVDP MTDKQVKTI LLTNDLTED VVNEAKNFQ 
AGLIISYHP NIFQGLKTV SDKTWKERI VIQCIRHEI 
AVYSPHTSW DCVEGGVND WLASAFAFK NIAPIKPLE 
NPRQGAGRI LTLDTPITV ETAVANVKK HVGVGHLRL 
ALARNKGLD ARIETVGLC AGSGASVLK GLTSDLYLT 
GEMSHHEVL DATQNGVHV ILCEHSNSE RGFLGRFQK 
QLSDLLQNS VNIIVSSVD KDPLIVV
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031250 RA
      atgtcaaag cttgagccc cttcaaact ttatgcaag 
cacacgggg cgcgtttgg gacgtgagt tggcacccg 
aaggggcaa acgttcgcc tcgtgtggc gaagacaag 
accatccga atctggtcg aaagactcg gactcgaag 
tggtcgaat aaagtaatt ctaaccgat ggccacaaa 
cgcacaatt cgggaaatt gcgtggtcc ccctgtggc 
aattacctc gcctcggcc tcctttgac accactacg 
tgcatttgg gacaagaaa tcgggcgag ttcgagtgc 
aatgccact cttgagggg cacgaaaat gaggttaag 
agtgtttcc tggtcgaag tcggggcga tttttggcc 
acttgtagc cgtgacaag tcggtttgg atttgggag 
attgccgag gaggatgag tatgattgc gcggccgtg 
ttgagtgcg cacacacag gatgtgaag aaagtcgtg 
tggcaccca catgacgat atcctcgcc tcggcctcc 
tacgacaac acggttaag ttgttcaaa gaggaccag 
tcagacaac gactgggtt tgttttgcc accttacag 
gggcacgag tcaacggtt tggagcata agttgggac 
aaaacgggg acaaggatt gtgtcgtgt agcgacgac 
gccacgttg aaaatctgg caaaagggc caaaatacg 
gaggaaacg tggaaatgt gtgtgtacc atgtcgggg 
taccacaac agaaccatc tatgacgtg tcttggaac 
cactcaagt gacttgatc gccaccgct tgcggtgac 
gacgctatc agaattttt aaagaggag gaagggggc 
gacttagag gcccccacg tttagccaa gtcacctgc 
attgagagg gcgcacgcc caggatgtc aactgcgtc 
gcctggaac ccccttctt agtgatatt ttagtgtcg 
tgcagcgac gacggggaa attaaatta cggttggcg 
gccctaagt cggattaaa aattactac agcacgggc 
ccccaaatg tcggtcaaa gaaatcgtc aaaacttta 
caatcctac gcccccttg acccttgcc gagagctgg 
gacaatgtg gggctcctg gtggaccca atgaccgac 
aaacaggtc aaaacaatt ctattaaca aacgacctc 
actgaggat gtggtcaat gaagctaaa aacttccaa 
gcggggctc attatctcc tatcaccct aatatcttt 
caaggcctt aaaacagtc tctgacaag acttggaaa 
gaacgaatc gtaatccaa tgtattaga catgaaatt 
gcggtttac tcgccccat acgagctgg gattgtgtc 
gaagggggc gttaatgat tggctagcc tcagcgttc 
gcttttaaa aacattgcg ccaatcaaa ccattggaa 
aatccgaga caaggggcg gggcgcatc ctcacacta 
gacacgccc ataactgtg gaaaccgcg gtcgcaaat 
gtcaaaaaa catgtcggg gtggggcat ctgcgactc 
gcattggct aggaacaaa ggtttagat gcgaggatt 
gaaaccgtg gggctgtgt gccggttcg ggggcttcg 
gttttaaag gggctcacg agcgatttg tacctaacg 
ggggaaatg tcccaccat gaagtcctg gatgctacg 
caaaacggg gttcatgtg attctctgc gaacatagt 
aattccgaa cggggcttt ttggggcgt ttccagaaa 
caattgagt gatttgttg caaaattca gtcaatatt 
attgtttca agtgtcgat aaagaccca ttaattgta 
gtttga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031250 RA
      aacgaagca aaaacgtaa taaaatcac ccatttttt 
cacgttttg tggcattgg taagcccct taagtacat 
ttgccccct tttggcacg tcgtgcgtc ccccgagac 
cacttttta accaccctg tcgttgttc gcgacccta 
accccaaaa tgtcaaagc ttgagcccc ttcaaactt 
tatgcaagc acacggggc gcgtttggg acgtgagtt 
ggcacccga aggggcaaa cgttcgcct cgtgtggcg 
aagacaaga ccatccgaa tctggtcga aagactcgg 
actcgaagt ggtcgaata aagtaattc taaccgatg 
gccacaaac gcacaattc gggaaattg cgtggtccc 
cctgtggca attacctcg cctcggcct cctttgaca 
ccactacgt gcatttggg acaagaaat cgggcgagt 
tcgagtgca atgccactc ttgaggggc acgaaaatg 
aggttaaga gtgtttcct ggtcgaagt cggggcgat 
ttttggcca cttgtagcc gtgacaagt cggtttgga 
tttgggaga ttgccgagg aggatgagt atgattgcg 
cggccgtgt tgagtgcgc acacacagg atgtgaaga 
aagtcgtgt ggcacccac atgacgata tcctcgcct 
cggcctcct acgacaaca cggttaagt tgttcaaag 
aggaccagt cagacaacg actgggttt gttttgcca 
ccttacagg ggcacgagt caacggttt ggagcataa 
gttgggaca aaacgggga caaggattg tgtcgtgta 
gcgacgacg ccacgttga aaatctggc aaaagggcc 
aaaatacgg aggaaacgt ggaaatgtg tgtgtacca 
tgtcggggt accacaaca gaaccatct atgacgtgt 
cttggaacc actcaagtg acttgatcg ccaccgctt 
gcggtgacg acgctatca gaattttta aagaggagg 
aagggggcg acttagagg cccccacgt ttagccaag 
tcacctgca ttgagaggg cgcacgccc aggatgtca 
actgcgtcg cctggaacc cccttctta gtgatattt 
tagtgtcgt gcagcgacg acggggaaa ttaaattac 
ggttggcgg ccctaagtc ggattaaaa attactaca 
gcacgggcc cccaaatgt cggtcaaag aaatcgtca 
aaactttac aatcctacg cccccttga cccttgccg 
agagctggg acaatgtgg ggctcctgg tggacccaa 
tgaccgaca aacaggtca aaacaattc tattaacaa 
acgacctca ctgaggatg tggtcaatg aagctaaaa 
acttccaag cggggctca ttatctcct atcacccta 
atatctttc aaggcctta aaacagtct ctgacaaga 
cttggaaag aacgaatcg taatccaat gtattagac 
atgaaattg cggtttact cgccccata cgagctggg 
attgtgtcg aagggggcg ttaatgatt ggctagcct 
cagcgttcg cttttaaaa acattgcgc caatcaaac 
cattggaaa atccgagac aaggggcgg ggcgcatcc 
tcacactag acacgccca taactgtgg aaaccgcgg 
tcgcaaatg tcaaaaaac atgtcgggg tggggcatc 
tgcgactcg cattggcta ggaacaaag gtttagatg 
cgaggattg aaaccgtgg ggctgtgtg ccggttcgg 
gggcttcgg ttttaaagg ggctcacga gcgatttgt 
acctaacgg gggaaatgt cccaccatg aagtcctgg 
atgctacgc aaaacgggg ttcatgtga ttctctgcg 
aacatagta attccgaac ggggctttt tggggcgtt 
tccagaaac aattgagtg atttgttgc aaaattcag 
tcaatatta ttgtttcaa gtgtcgata aagacccat 
taattgtag tttgagtag gctggtgaa taaacaatc 
gtgtcaaat

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY