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Gene information
General information
TC031335
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC011222 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007425.3: 1168789..1242694
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031335
    iBeetle screen iB_04991

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 20.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 30.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion delayed (still pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031335 RA
      MIFNRGIPL SWWLTILQI NLGLTIQYT PVDLTGNGD 
GECALLLSG PPRSSHFDY SLNLLRGSP LEYNGPHTC 
ITYDAVNAA YLDARKRIH IAQPHGDWK PEDVATVGE 
LLLDISINL ARTYGLSYE DIEKGLPLI DTSKTLIRE 
VCPPYLSNV ECRAGKYRR FDGLCNNLE HPTWGATNT 
PFTRLIGPL YADGMTAPR ISVTGRNLP LSRVVSRTM 
HPDEGFHDH AGTVMVIAW GQFIDHDYT LTATPLDPL 
NRNDPEECC HRPPHLKHP YCNEIIIPE DDYFYRLFN 
VKCLDFVRA FPAARPGCR LGSRVPYNT LTGVLDGNT 
VYGVTEKFA RKLRTGYGG LLRMNPAFE EYGLKDLLP 
LKLDIPDEG CTRPNSTMY CFEAGEIRV NEQLVLTCM 
HTLMAREHN RIAKGLAQV NPHWDDETL FQEARRINI 
AEIQHITYN EFLPILLGK DVMAKFGLL LQKDGYWDG 
YDHNVNPNV IDAFAAAAY RFGHSLLPT AVERWSKAH 
KFIASKRLS DLIRRPYDL YRAGVFDEY LMGLMNQVA 
QAMDDSITQ EVTNHLFKK VGARFGMDL VSLNMQRGR 
EFGIPGYME FRKFCGLPG ASNFDELFG SMPNETVRK 
YSTIFEHPS DVDLWSGGV SERPLPGSM LGPTFACII 
ATQFSYSRR GDRFWYELP NQPSSFTPE QLHEVRKAR 
LARIICDNT DLIDTIQLY PMVLPDHEI NPRVPCRSG 
VIPSIDFSK WAEFPHAGF NSFDHVLGK K
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031335 RA
      atgattttt aacaggggg attcccctg agttggtgg 
ctcacaata ctccaaatc aacctaggc ttaactata 
caatacact ccagtggac ctcacggga aatggagat 
ggggaatgt gcccttctt ctaagtggt cctcctaga 
agtagtcac tttgactac tccctcaac ttactcaga 
ggaagtccg ttagaatat aatggtcca cacacttgc 
atcacctac gacgctgtc aatgctgcg tatcttgat 
gcccgcaaa aggatacac attgctcaa ccacatggc 
gactggaag cctgaagat gtggcaact gttggtgaa 
cttcttctg gacatttcg ataaatctg gcacgaacg 
tacggtttg agttatgaa gacatcgag aaaggtctc 
cctctgatt gacactagc aagactttg atccgtgag 
gtgtgcccc ccttatttg tccaatgtg gaatgtcgt 
gctggcaaa taccgacga tttgatggc ctttgtaac 
aatttggag cacccgact tggggggcc accaacact 
ccgtttaca agactgatc ggcccctta tatgccgac 
ggcatgaca gccccccgc atcagcgta accggaaga 
aaccttcct ctatcccgt gtcgtctcc cgcactatg 
catccagat gaaggtttc cacgatcac gccggtacc 
gtcatggtc attgcatgg ggacaattt atcgaccat 
gactacact ctcactgca actccatta gaccctcta 
aatcgaaac gaccccgaa gagtgctgc cacagaccg 
ccccacctt aaacacccc tactgtaac gaaataatc 
atccccgaa gacgattac ttctaccga ttattcaac 
gtaaaatgc ttggacttt gttcgtgct ttcccggcc 
gctagacct ggttgtaga ctcggttcc cgagttcca 
tacaacact ttaactggt gttctcgac ggtaacacc 
gtatacgga gttacggaa aaattcgca cggaaatta 
agaaccgga tacggtggt cttctccga atgaaccca 
gcctttgaa gagtacgga cttaaagac ttgctccct 
ctcaagcta gacatccct gatgaaggg tgcactaga 
cccaatagc accatgtac tgctttgaa gccggtgaa 
attcgagtg aacgagcag ttggtgctc acttgtatg 
cacactctg atggctcgt gagcacaac cgaattgcc 
aaaggtttg gctcaggtt aatcctcac tgggatgac 
gaaacgctg ttccaagaa gctcgtcgc attaacatt 
gccgaaatt caacacatt acttacaac gagtttctt 
ccgattctt ttgggcaaa gatgtgatg gctaagttt 
ggtttgctg ttgcagaaa gacggttat tgggatggt 
tatgatcat aatgttaat ccgaatgtg attgatgcg 
ttcgcagct gcggcttac agatttggg cactcgctt 
cttccaacg gctgtggaa aggtggagc aaggcacac 
aaatttatt gcctccaaa cgtctctct gatttaatc 
cgtcgcccc tacgactta taccgtgcc ggcgtcttc 
gacgagtac ctcatgggt ctgatgaac caagtggcc 
caagccatg gacgactcc atcacccaa gaggtgacc 
aaccatctg ttcaaaaaa gtcggcgct cggttcggt 
atggacttg gtcagtctc aacatgcaa agaggccgc 
gaattcggc attccgggc tacatggaa ttccggaaa 
ttctgcggc ctgcccgga gccagcaac tttgacgaa 
ttgttcggt tccatgccc aacgaaact gtccggaaa 
tactcgacc atttttgag cacccgagt gatgtcgat 
ttgtggtcg ggcggagtc tccgaacgc ccccttcct 
ggaagcatg ttagggccc acttttgcc tgcattatc 
gccacccag tttagttac tcgaggcga ggtgaccgc 
ttctggtat gaacttcca aaccaaccc tcatctttc 
acccctgaa caactccac gaagtcagg aaagccaga 
ttggctcgt attatatgt gacaacacc gatttgatt 
gacaccata cagttgtac ccaatggtg ttgccggac 
catgaaatt aacccgagg gtcccgtgc cgaagtgga 
gtgatcccg agcatagat ttcagcaaa tgggccgaa 
ttcccgcac gcaggcttc aattctttt gaccacgtg 
ttaggaaaa aaataa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031335 RA
      ttttaataa aaagttgtt ttatctaat tacaaaatt 
acataaaaa ctgaaagaa atatagacc ctgacaccg 
gttactcta tcatcgagc catggaggg gtaaaaatt 
ctctctcct ccttagtgc caaagcttt ggttctcgg 
caccagctg gtttaataa gtgacagtg tatacgatt 
gaccgaccg tactaaccc acatccgtg ctcttctcg 
tgaaagaag tattgtaca acgcgcggg tggagtgca 
ctgtgcagt gctgcaaac tgttttttt ttctttctt 
tttcaagtg tgccatagg aacttaata atgattttt 
aacaggggg attcccctg agttggtgg ctcacaata 
ctccaaatc aacctaggc ttaactata caatacact 
ccagtggac ctcacggga aatggagat ggggaatgt 
gcccttctt ctaagtggt cctcctaga agtagtcac 
tttgactac tccctcaac ttactcaga ggaagtccg 
ttagaatat aatggtcca cacacttgc atcacctac 
gacgctgtc aatgctgcg tatcttgat gcccgcaaa 
aggatacac attgctcaa ccacatggc gactggaag 
cctgaagat gtggcaact gttggtgaa cttcttctg 
gacatttcg ataaatctg gcacgaacg tacggtttg 
agttatgaa gacatcgag aaaggtctc cctctgatt 
gacactagc aagactttg atccgtgag gtgtgcccc 
ccttatttg tccaatgtg gaatgtcgt gctggcaaa 
taccgacga tttgatggc ctttgtaac aatttggag 
cacccgact tggggggcc accaacact ccgtttaca 
agactgatc ggcccctta tatgccgac ggcatgaca 
gccccccgc atcagcgta accggaaga aaccttcct 
ctatcccgt gtcgtctcc cgcactatg catccagat 
gaaggtttc cacgatcac gccggtacc gtcatggtc 
attgcatgg ggacaattt atcgaccat gactacact 
ctcactgca actccatta gaccctcta aatcgaaac 
gaccccgaa gagtgctgc cacagaccg ccccacctt 
aaacacccc tactgtaac gaaataatc atccccgaa 
gacgattac ttctaccga ttattcaac gtaaaatgc 
ttggacttt gttcgtgct ttcccggcc gctagacct 
ggttgtaga ctcggttcc cgagttcca tacaacact 
ttaactggt gttctcgac ggtaacacc gtatacgga 
gttacggaa aaattcgca cggaaatta agaaccgga 
tacggtggt cttctccga atgaaccca gcctttgaa 
gagtacgga cttaaagac ttgctccct ctcaagcta 
gacatccct gatgaaggg tgcactaga cccaatagc 
accatgtac tgctttgaa gccggtgaa attcgagtg 
aacgagcag ttggtgctc acttgtatg cacactctg 
atggctcgt gagcacaac cgaattgcc aaaggtttg 
gctcaggtt aatcctcac tgggatgac gaaacgctg 
ttccaagaa gctcgtcgc attaacatt gccgaaatt 
caacacatt acttacaac gagtttctt ccgattctt 
ttgggcaaa gatgtgatg gctaagttt ggtttgctg 
ttgcagaaa gacggttat tgggatggt tatgatcat 
aatgttaat ccgaatgtg attgatgcg ttcgcagct 
gcggcttac agatttggg cactcgctt cttccaacg 
gctgtggaa aggtggagc aaggcacac aaatttatt 
gcctccaaa cgtctctct gatttaatc cgtcgcccc 
tacgactta taccgtgcc ggcgtcttc gacgagtac 
ctcatgggt ctgatgaac caagtggcc caagccatg 
gacgactcc atcacccaa gaggtgacc aaccatctg 
ttcaaaaaa gtcggcgct cggttcggt atggacttg 
gtcagtctc aacatgcaa agaggccgc gaattcggc 
attccgggc tacatggaa ttccggaaa ttctgcggc 
ctgcccgga gccagcaac tttgacgaa ttgttcggt 
tccatgccc aacgaaact gtccggaaa tactcgacc 
atttttgag cacccgagt gatgtcgat ttgtggtcg 
ggcggagtc tccgaacgc ccccttcct ggaagcatg 
ttagggccc acttttgcc tgcattatc gccacccag 
tttagttac tcgaggcga ggtgaccgc ttctggtat 
gaacttcca aaccaaccc tcatctttc acccctgaa 
caactccac gaagtcagg aaagccaga ttggctcgt 
attatatgt gacaacacc gatttgatt gacaccata 
cagttgtac ccaatggtg ttgccggac catgaaatt 
aacccgagg gtcccgtgc cgaagtgga gtgatcccg 
agcatagat ttcagcaaa tgggccgaa ttcccgcac 
gcaggcttc aattctttt gaccacgtg ttaggaaaa 
aaataatta attgaaatt aactttatg tacagatgc 
cattgtatt atttatttt aaaatatgc caagtgata 
atcttgaaa gcaaatcca cgaactcac aatccgaca 
agttgcatt aaaattcgt gaaactgat ggctaaata 
attttgcaa cttgttaga acggttctt ataaattat 
tgaaatttg cttctgaga ttgtcggta gataaggaa 
ccatttttc agtcaaaac ttacatcaa aacatttta 
tttgtaaat aggtcgttt gctaggtca tgctattgt 
ttcgttgta ttgtgacac ccattatat ttatatacg 
agtattttt tgtataaat aattaattg catgagtat 
tctcactta attttctac ctccaaaac cgactcaac 
ctattctat ttttcttct ttttgtaac agatgatgt 
ggaatgtat accatagga ttaatgcgc ggatttatt 
tagtcagac aaacttatc tagtactta acactgtca 
acaaagtac acgcacact atacttaaa agaaaaaac 
attaaaatt gatttttgt acatattgt tgtagtaat 
ttattgaaa actcatgtg tatatgtgt ctatatatt 
aatatattt ttagataaa cc
    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY