Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031668
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC010256,TC010257 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NW_015450712.1: 164451..173482
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031668
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_04800

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 30.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    head appendages partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    thorax segment partiallynot present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    legs pretarsus duplicated - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    legs tibiotarsus shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 30.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion delayed (still pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031668 RA
      MFSVLVFLI IVVVFLYYK WAFTYWHRR NIPYLEPSF 
PFGNLPNLF QRKENIGLT VEKFYNEMK RRKWKHGGV 
YFLVSPVYC VIDLEYVKN IMNRDFEYF TNRSIYYNE 
KDDPLSAHL FAIGGQKWR NLRTKLTAT FTSGKMKAM 
FQTLLECET NLLKQIEDC NNPINIKEI LSCFTTDVI 
GSVGFGLEC KTFEEKNSP FRIYGKKVF KDSVLRSLK 
RAFLTSNFP ELARKLGIL AFPSEITDF FLKVVADTV 
KYREENNRS RNDFLQLLI DLKNSGTLS LEEIAAQCF 
LFFLAGFET SSTTMTFAL YELAQHQDI QDKVREEID 
AVLKKYGGK ITYEAIHDM KYMNQVIDE TLRKYPAAS 
IITRTCVKD YKIPDQDIV IEKGTSVII PVLGIHHDE 
KFYPNPEKF DPERFTEEN KAARHHYAH LPFGEGPRI 
CIDYQFERV SSCYTVKMV LSLCRWEGK VAVVTGASS 
GIGAAIADA LVENGLIVA GFARRSELI EARAKNLEG 
KKGKLHAVK TDMSKEDEI IKAFKWVED NLGHVHILI 
NNAGVSKES FLANGDAEA WRNTFDVNV IGLCIATRE 
AVKSMTANN INGHIIHIN SIAGHKVVN FPGINVYSA 
SKYAVAALA ETLRHEFLA LGSKIKITS ISPGLVISE 
MTTLSTGYS PERLEMLKS LPILKSEDI ADAVCYVLS 
TPETVQINE LTITPVGEK L
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031668 RA
      atgttttcg gttttggtg tttctaatt atagttgta 
gtgtttctt tattacaaa tgggcgttc acatactgg 
caccgaaga aacatacca tatttagag cccagtttt 
ccctttggc aatttaccc aaccttttc caacgcaag 
gaaaatata ggacttacg gtagaaaaa ttctacaac 
gaaatgaaa aggcgcaag tggaaacac ggaggagtt 
tactttctt gtaagtcca gtctattgt gtcattgat 
ttggaatat gtaaagaac ataatgaat cgagatttc 
gaatatttt accaaccgc tcgatttat tacaacgag 
aaagacgac cctcttagt gcacattta tttgcaatc 
ggtggccaa aaatggcga aacttgcga actaaatta 
acagcaact ttcacatca ggtaaaatg aaagcaatg 
tttcaaaca ctgctagaa tgtgaaacc aatttattg 
aaacaaatc gaagactgt aacaaccca attaacatt 
aaagaaatt ttaagttgc tttactact gacgtcatc 
ggttcggtc ggttttggt ctcgaatgc aagactttc 
gaagaaaaa aattcaccg tttcgcatt tatggcaaa 
aaagtcttc aaggattca gtgttgaga agtttgaaa 
cgcgcgttt ctcacatcg aattttcca gagttagct 
cggaaactc ggaatttta gcgtttcca tcggagata 
accgatttt ttcctcaaa gttgtagct gatactgtt 
aagtacaga gaggaaaac aaccgtagc aggaatgat 
ttcttgcaa cttttgatt gatttgaag aatagtgga 
actttgtca cttgaagaa attgccgct caatgtttt 
cttttcttt ttggcgggt tttgaaacg tcttcaacc 
acaatgact tttgctttg tacgaattg gcccaacat 
caagacatt caagataaa gtgagggaa gaaattgat 
gcagttttg aagaaatat ggtggcaaa atcacttat 
gaggccatt catgacatg aaatacatg aatcaagtt 
attgatgaa acgttaaga aaataccca gcagcttca 
atcatcacc aggacttgt gtcaaagat tacaaaatt 
cctgatcag gatattgtg attgaaaaa gggacttcg 
gtcataatc ccagttttg ggtatccac catgatgag 
aaattttat ccaaatcct gaaaaattt gatcctgaa 
agatttact gaagaaaat aaagctgca agacatcat 
tatgcgcat ctacctttt ggagaaggg ccacgaatt 
tgtatcgat tatcaattc gagcgagta tcatcttgt 
tacacagtc aaaatggtt ctttcacta tgcagatgg 
gagggcaaa gtggctgta gtgaccggt gcaagttca 
ggaatcggt gctgcaatt gctgacgct ttggtagaa 
aacggtctc atcgttgct ggatttgct cgtcgctct 
gaactgatc gaagcgcgg gccaaaaat ctcgaagga 
aaaaaaggg aaactccac gctgttaaa actgacatg 
agcaaagaa gatgaaatc atcaaagct ttcaaatgg 
gttgaagac aacctcgga catgtccac atcttaata 
aacaatgct ggtgtttct aaggaaagt ttcttagca 
aacggagat gctgaggct tggaggaac acttttgat 
gttaacgta ataggatta tgtattgcc acaagagaa 
gctgtgaaa tcaatgaca gcaaacaac ataaatggg 
catattatt cacattaat agcattgca gggcataaa 
gttgtgaat tttcccggg attaatgtc tactcagcc 
agcaaatat gcagtcgca gctttagct gagactttg 
aggcacgag tttctcgct ctggggtcg aaaatcaaa 
attacgagc attagtcct ggattggtt ataagtgaa 
atgacaact cttagtaca ggatacagt cccgaacga 
ttggaaatg ctgaaaagt ctaccaata ctaaagtct 
gaagacatt gcagatgca gtatgctat gtattgtcc 
acacctgaa actgtccag ataaacgaa ctgacaatc 
actccagtc ggcgaaaaa ctttga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031668 RA
      ctgttgaga aattacaag tttacagtt aataacatg 
actagagaa cccctgaga atgcaagtg gactcgttt 
gttttggca gccgaaggg gaaatttgg ttagatgca 
cacaagttg tgaaaattg ctgtaaaaa attgagcaa 
taaaaatta aattctagt gaggtgttg agagattct 
cagttctaa tcatatcat ttatttggc gtatcagcg 
accactcaa agcgcatct aaaaataaa acttgaaaa 
ctgtgtaga taataattc taaagaaaa aatatgacg 
tttattatc atgtcacaa cataaaaat cactatcac 
acttttaag cgatgtgtc taatcaaca atgatgttg 
caagtagtt cacgatata aatagcttc acactttca 
ttgatacat gtattcaat ctcagaaaa aatgttttc 
ggttttggt gtttctaat tatagttgt agtgtttct 
ttattacaa atgggcgtt cacatactg gcaccgaag 
aaacatacc atatttaga gcccagttt tccctttgg 
caatttacc caacctttt ccaacgcaa ggaaaatat 
aggacttac ggtagaaaa attctacaa cgaaatgaa 
aaggcgcaa gtggaaaca cggaggagt ttactttct 
tgtaagtcc agtctattg tgtcattga tttggaata 
tgtaaagaa cataatgaa tcgagattt cgaatattt 
taccaaccg ctcgattta ttacaacga gaaagacga 
ccctcttag tgcacattt atttgcaat cggtggcca 
aaaatggcg aaacttgcg aactaaatt aacagcaac 
tttcacatc aggtaaaat gaaagcaat gtttcaaac 
actgctaga atgtgaaac caatttatt gaaacaaat 
cgaagactg taacaaccc aattaacat taaagaaat 
tttaagttg ctttactac tgacgtcat cggttcggt 
cggttttgg tctcgaatg caagacttt cgaagaaaa 
aaattcacc gtttcgcat ttatggcaa aaaagtctt 
caaggattc agtgttgag aagtttgaa acgcgcgtt 
tctcacatc gaattttcc agagttagc tcggaaact 
cggaatttt agcgtttcc atcggagat aaccgattt 
tttcctcaa agttgtagc tgatactgt taagtacag 
agaggaaaa caaccgtag caggaatga tttcttgca 
acttttgat tgatttgaa gaatagtgg aactttgtc 
acttgaaga aattgccgc tcaatgttt tcttttctt 
tttggcggg ttttgaaac gtcttcaac cacaatgac 
ttttgcttt gtacgaatt ggcccaaca tcaagacat 
tcaagataa agtgaggga agaaattga tgcagtttt 
gaagaaata tggtggcaa aatcactta tgaggccat 
tcatgacat gaaatacat gaatcaagt tattgatga 
aacgttaag aaaataccc agcagcttc aatcatcac 
caggacttg tgtcaaaga ttacaaaat tcctgatca 
ggatattgt gattgaaaa agggacttc ggtcataat 
cccagtttt gggtatcca ccatgatga gaaatttta 
tccaaatcc tgaaaaatt tgatcctga aagatttac 
tgaagaaaa taaagctgc aagacatca ttatgcgca 
tctaccttt tggagaagg gccacgaat ttgtatcga 
ttatcaatt cgagcgagt atcatcttg ttacacagt 
caaaatggt tctttcact atgcagatg ggagggcaa 
agtggctgt agtgaccgg tgcaagttc aggaatcgg 
tgctgcaat tgctgacgc tttggtaga aaacggtct 
catcgttgc tggatttgc tcgtcgctc tgaactgat 
cgaagcgcg ggccaaaaa tctcgaagg aaaaaaagg 
gaaactcca cgctgttaa aactgacat gagcaaaga 
agatgaaat catcaaagc tttcaaatg ggttgaaga 
caacctcgg acatgtcca catcttaat aaacaatgc 
tggtgtttc taaggaaag tttcttagc aaacggaga 
tgctgaggc ttggaggaa cacttttga tgttaacgt 
aataggatt atgtattgc cacaagaga agctgtgaa 
atcaatgac agcaaacaa cataaatgg gcatattat 
tcacattaa tagcattgc agggcataa agttgtgaa 
ttttcccgg gattaatgt ctactcagc cagcaaata 
tgcagtcgc agctttagc tgagacttt gaggcacga 
gtttctcgc tctggggtc gaaaatcaa aattacgag 
cattagtcc tggattggt tataagtga aatgacaac 
tcttagtac aggatacag tcccgaacg attggaaat 
gctgaaaag tctaccaat actaaagtc tgaagacat 
tgcagatgc agtatgcta tgtattgtc cacacctga 
aactgtcca gataaacga actgacaat cactccagt 
cggcgaaaa actttgaag aatgtttta attttttaa 
cagtacgat tcacataac actacgagc ctacattta 
catctgcat ttgcccgtc agtttcaca gtgaatgac 
tctgtacag gtgtctgga aagtcgtgc tcctcatta 
aaggggagt aattgggta gtcccttag ggtatcaaa 
aaaatgttt aaaagaaat acacatgct ccatcaga

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY