Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031986
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC004518,TC004519 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 3324381..3349238
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (2) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031986
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_03774

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    mature egg deposition blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: >5 number 2nd lateral oviduct: 4 - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1
    ovary without detectable defects - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3
    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    larval musculature irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    cuticle remnants cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    abdomen partiallyremaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    larva cuticle partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    larva constricted - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    head partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax partially posteriornot present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    abdomen anterior not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt not fulfilled (died as L7 or prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection


    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031986 RA
      MGEGNGLIE HDLHGSLVP MNGSHSGSS GRSTPNNSN 
DPAPGKLFV GGLSWQTSS EKLREYFGM FGNVTDVLI 
MKDPVTQRS RGFGFITFS EPSSVDNVL KVPIHTLDG 
KKIDPKHAT PKNRPKQPN KTKKIFVGG VSQDTSADE 
VKAYFSQFG KVEETVMLM DQQTKRHRG FGFVTFENE 
DVVDRVCEI HFHTIKNKK VECKKAQPK EAVQASAQL 
LGKRLMLSG LGMRMATPT AGAIAAATN PLAVVQAQA 
HVQAAAVAA AAQAQTAAV ASYGKLFGA YPPLASYRY 
SPYPIPAVG AGVGAAAAA GGTPTPASA AAAPALAPP 
VGASPYQGY NLTNVDMSS FQGVDWGSM YGVGMYV
    • >TC031986 RB
      MLFENPPSA QIFPAYSVP PPILPLAPP PVSSAMGEG 
NGLIEHDLH GSLVPMNGS HSGSSGRST PNNSNDPAP 
GKLFVGGLS WQTSSEKLR EYFGMFGNV TDVLIMKDP 
VTQRSRGFG FITFSEPSS VDNVLKVPI HTLDGKKID 
PKHATPKNR PKQPNKTKK IFVGGVSQD TSADEVKAY 
FSQFGKVEE TVMLMDQQT KRHRGFGFV TFENEDVVD 
RVCEIHFHT IKNKKVECK KAQPKEAVQ ASAQLLGKR 
LMLSGLGMR MATPTAGAI AAATNPLAV VQAQAHVQA 
AAVAAAAQA QTAAVASYG KLFGAYPPL ASYRYSPYP 
IPAVGAGVG AAAAAGGTP TPASAAAAP ALAPPVGAS 
PYQGYNLTN VDMSSFQGV DWGSMYGVG MYV
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031986 RA
      atgggggaa ggcaacggc ctcatcgaa cacgacctt 
cacggctct ttggtaccg atgaacggt agccattct 
ggatcttcg ggtcgtagt actcccaac aactccaac 
gatccagca ccgggaaaa ctgtttgtc ggcggttta 
agttggcaa acttcaagc gagaagttg cgcgaatat 
ttcggcatg tttggaaac gtcaccgat gtattgata 
atgaaagat ccagtaacc cagaggagt cgcggtttc 
ggtttcatc acattttcg gagccctca agcgtcgac 
aacgtgctc aaagtgcca attcacact ttagacggt 
aaaaaaatc gacccgaag cacgccacg cccaaaaac 
cgcccgaaa cagccgaac aaaacgaaa aagatattc 
gtcggcggc gtgagccaa gacacctcc gccgacgag 
gtcaaagcc tacttcagt caattcggc aaagtggag 
gagacggtg atgctgatg gaccagcag acgaaacgc 
caccgtggc ttcggcttc gtcacgttc gagaacgag 
gacgtggtg gaccgcgtc tgcgagatc cacttccac 
accatcaag aacaagaag gtcgaatgc aagaaggct 
caacccaag gaggcggtg caagccagc gctcaactg 
ctcggcaag cgcctcatg ctcagcggc cttggcatg 
cgcatggcc actccgacg gcgggcgcc atcgccgcc 
gccaccaac cctttggct gtggttcaa gctcaggct 
cacgttcag gcggcggcg gtcgccgcc gccgcccag 
gcccagacc gccgccgtg gccagctac ggcaagttg 
ttcggggct tacccgccc ctcgccagc taccggtac 
tcgccttac cccatcccg gcggtgggc gccggcgtg 
ggggcggcg gcggcggcg ggcggcacc ccgacgccg 
gcttcggcc gccgccgct ccagcgcta gccccgccg 
gtgggcgcc agcccctac cagggctac aacctcacc 
aacgtagac atgtccagc tttcaagga gtggactgg 
ggctcgatg tacggcgtt ggcatgtac gtctga
    • >TC031986 RB
      atgcttttc gagaaccca cctagtgcc caaatattc 
cctgcgtac agtgtgcca cccccgatc ctgccgcta 
gcgccgcct cccgttagt tccgcaatg ggggaaggc 
aacggcctc atcgaacac gaccttcac ggctctttg 
gtaccgatg aacggtagc cattctgga tcttcgggt 
cgtagtact cccaacaac tccaacgat ccagcaccg 
ggaaaactg tttgtcggc ggtttaagt tggcaaact 
tcaagcgag aagttgcgc gaatatttc ggcatgttt 
ggaaacgtc accgatgta ttgataatg aaagatcca 
gtaacccag aggagtcgc ggtttcggt ttcatcaca 
ttttcggag ccctcaagc gtcgacaac gtgctcaaa 
gtgccaatt cacacttta gacggtaaa aaaatcgac 
ccgaagcac gccacgccc aaaaaccgc ccgaaacag 
ccgaacaaa acgaaaaag atattcgtc ggcggcgtg 
agccaagac acctccgcc gacgaggtc aaagcctac 
ttcagtcaa ttcggcaaa gtggaggag acggtgatg 
ctgatggac cagcagacg aaacgccac cgtggcttc 
ggcttcgtc acgttcgag aacgaggac gtggtggac 
cgcgtctgc gagatccac ttccacacc atcaagaac 
aagaaggtc gaatgcaag aaggctcaa cccaaggag 
gcggtgcaa gccagcgct caactgctc ggcaagcgc 
ctcatgctc agcggcctt ggcatgcgc atggccact 
ccgacggcg ggcgccatc gccgccgcc accaaccct 
ttggctgtg gttcaagct caggctcac gttcaggcg 
gcggcggtc gccgccgcc gcccaggcc cagaccgcc 
gccgtggcc agctacggc aagttgttc ggggcttac 
ccgcccctc gccagctac cggtactcg ccttacccc 
atcccggcg gtgggcgcc ggcgtgggg gcggcggcg 
gcggcgggc ggcaccccg acgccggct tcggccgcc 
gccgctcca gcgctagcc ccgccggtg ggcgccagc 
ccctaccag ggctacaac ctcaccaac gtagacatg 
tccagcttt caaggagtg gactggggc tcgatgtac 
ggcgttggc atgtacgtc tga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031986 RA
      taaatttgt gtctttttt tttttctct aaaagtttg 
aagtgggat ttaacttac agtatacaa tctgtgttg 
aacagagtg tagaacggc caaaaagtg aacatgcag 
acatccatg atgcagata catacaatt gggattaac 
tgaaacaaa aaaaaatgt ctttattaa ttattttgt 
ttgtttata gttccgcaa tgggggaag gcaacggcc 
tcatcgaac acgaccttc acggctctt tggtaccga 
tgaacggta gccattctg gatcttcgg gtcgtagta 
ctcccaaca actccaacg atccagcac cgggaaaac 
tgtttgtcg gcggtttaa gttggcaaa cttcaagcg 
agaagttgc gcgaatatt tcggcatgt ttggaaacg 
tcaccgatg tattgataa tgaaagatc cagtaaccc 
agaggagtc gcggtttcg gtttcatca cattttcgg 
agccctcaa gcgtcgaca acgtgctca aagtgccaa 
ttcacactt tagacggta aaaaaatcg acccgaagc 
acgccacgc ccaaaaacc gcccgaaac agccgaaca 
aaacgaaaa agatattcg tcggcggcg tgagccaag 
acacctccg ccgacgagg tcaaagcct acttcagtc 
aattcggca aagtggagg agacggtga tgctgatgg 
accagcaga cgaaacgcc accgtggct tcggcttcg 
tcacgttcg agaacgagg acgtggtgg accgcgtct 
gcgagatcc acttccaca ccatcaaga acaagaagg 
tcgaatgca agaaggctc aacccaagg aggcggtgc 
aagccagcg ctcaactgc tcggcaagc gcctcatgc 
tcagcggcc ttggcatgc gcatggcca ctccgacgg 
cgggcgcca tcgccgccg ccaccaacc ctttggctg 
tggttcaag ctcaggctc acgttcagg cggcggcgg 
tcgccgccg ccgcccagg cccagaccg ccgccgtgg 
ccagctacg gcaagttgt tcggggctt acccgcccc 
tcgccagct accggtact cgccttacc ccatcccgg 
cggtgggcg ccggcgtgg gggcggcgg cggcggcgg 
gcggcaccc cgacgccgg cttcggccg ccgccgctc 
cagcgctag ccccgccgg tgggcgcca gcccctacc 
agggctaca acctcacca acgtagaca tgtccagct 
ttcaaggag tggactggg gctcgatgt acggcgttg 
gcatgtacg tctgaacgt aattttgct cactcttcg 
ttttagtta ggttttttg tgtttttat aaactgatg 
gacttccaa acgaaacat ttccaattg tcaatggcg 
gcgactcgt gcctatttt gactgtgcg ttttgatat 
ttcgattga ataaaatgt gtacataga tagaatctc 
atttgcatt aatgctatg ggcagttta gcatcacac 
cggcttgtt tattcctcc tgattgaac cgatgccgc 
cttctgctc atttagcat ttagcaata actcgcaat 
aatcagtat taaacgacg tgtagacga cgttctttt 
gaaaattac ccacgtggt tttgctcga tcctttacc 
tgtgtattc ctcttcatg gcaataaat ccccgctta 
ggttgtgtt tcgactgta cttaaatta ttcgtaggt 
acttaataa tttattacc gaattgact gaaacggcg 
atacttaat tatttatac ttaatgata caaaagtac 
actgtggtg caaaactgt agcaccacc cgattattg 
tcaaatttc aacacttta aatagttat cgaatcgaa 
tttttatag aatacttgc aaagaaaat cgatacgaa 
ccagccgct aatctgaat gcaactttt tttgctagt 
tgtgtaact gaacaatgg ggatgttac aaagtaaca 
agtaaactc attaaaatt tatgtgctt tt
    • >TC031986 RB
      gacttccgt aacacatcc aattgtttg ttcagctga 
ttgatgtcg acatgtggt ttgcaggat cgatcggga 
attcgacgc tcacatggc tgtcacggt ttaccccaa 
cgttaaact cgagtgcgt caggcgggc aagcatgtg 
gtgtggtgg gtcgtgtcg tcggcacag ccggcagaa 
gggcacagc tgcagtcgt attcgaatt tccagccgg 
cgagggtgc ttaacttgc tcacttgtt gtgtttttc 
gttagagtc gcgtaattt tggctgtga acatgcttt 
tcgagaacc cacctagtg cccaaatat tccctgcgt 
acagtgtgc cacccccga tcctgccgc tagcgccgc 
ctcccgtta gttccgcaa tgggggaag gcaacggcc 
tcatcgaac acgaccttc acggctctt tggtaccga 
tgaacggta gccattctg gatcttcgg gtcgtagta 
ctcccaaca actccaacg atccagcac cgggaaaac 
tgtttgtcg gcggtttaa gttggcaaa cttcaagcg 
agaagttgc gcgaatatt tcggcatgt ttggaaacg 
tcaccgatg tattgataa tgaaagatc cagtaaccc 
agaggagtc gcggtttcg gtttcatca cattttcgg 
agccctcaa gcgtcgaca acgtgctca aagtgccaa 
ttcacactt tagacggta aaaaaatcg acccgaagc 
acgccacgc ccaaaaacc gcccgaaac agccgaaca 
aaacgaaaa agatattcg tcggcggcg tgagccaag 
acacctccg ccgacgagg tcaaagcct acttcagtc 
aattcggca aagtggagg agacggtga tgctgatgg 
accagcaga cgaaacgcc accgtggct tcggcttcg 
tcacgttcg agaacgagg acgtggtgg accgcgtct 
gcgagatcc acttccaca ccatcaaga acaagaagg 
tcgaatgca agaaggctc aacccaagg aggcggtgc 
aagccagcg ctcaactgc tcggcaagc gcctcatgc 
tcagcggcc ttggcatgc gcatggcca ctccgacgg 
cgggcgcca tcgccgccg ccaccaacc ctttggctg 
tggttcaag ctcaggctc acgttcagg cggcggcgg 
tcgccgccg ccgcccagg cccagaccg ccgccgtgg 
ccagctacg gcaagttgt tcggggctt acccgcccc 
tcgccagct accggtact cgccttacc ccatcccgg 
cggtgggcg ccggcgtgg gggcggcgg cggcggcgg 
gcggcaccc cgacgccgg cttcggccg ccgccgctc 
cagcgctag ccccgccgg tgggcgcca gcccctacc 
agggctaca acctcacca acgtagaca tgtccagct 
ttcaaggag tggactggg gctcgatgt acggcgttg 
gcatgtacg tctgaacgt aattttgct cactcttcg 
ttttagtta ggttttttg tgtttttat aaactgatg 
gacttccaa acgaaacat ttccaattg tcaatggcg 
gcgactcgt gcctatttt gactgtgcg ttttgatat 
ttcgattga ataaaatgt gtacataga tagaatctc 
atttgcatt aatgctatg ggcagttta gcatcacac 
cggcttgtt tattcctcc tgattgaac cgatgccgc 
cttctgctc atttagcat ttagcaata actcgcaat 
aatcagtat taaacgacg tgtagacga cgttctttt 
gaaaattac ccacgtggt tttgctcga tcctttacc 
tgtgtattc ctcttcatg gcaataaat ccccgctta 
ggttgtgtt tcgactgta cttaaatta ttcgtaggt 
acttaataa tttattacc gaattgact gaaacggcg 
atacttaat tatttatac ttaatgata caaaagtac 
actgtggtg caaaactgt agcaccacc cgattattg 
tcaaatttc aacacttta aatagttat cgaatcgaa 
tttttatag aatacttgc aaagaaaat cgatacgaa 
ccagccgct aatctgaat gcaactttt tttgctagt 
tgtgtaact gaacaatgg ggatgttac aaagtaaca 
agtaaactc attaaaatt tatgtgctt tt
    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY