Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031038
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC003621,TC003626 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 9318922..9537293
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031038
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_03591

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     head capsule complete shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    head appendages partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    legs partially sometimesbent - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    prothorax segment irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    Comment: prothorax appears to be shiftet towards anterior and fused with the head
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection


    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection


    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    wings size shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 7

    Adult morphology
    wings shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 6

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031038 RA
      MKKLAVGWE PVISNKWQN RRKAWRLFE RNQQVAGAA 
TAAPLFTTL AAPRRVPPP YPPVFFAHL PSNAPLMGQ 
NVWILFGFG LFSLLCVDV PLCFLLLSS SRFSYHPFS 
LTHSKSLQV TTINMQHTS GSPQQFCLR WNNYQSNLT 
NVFDQLLQS ESFVDVTLA CDGHSVKAH KMVLSACSP 
YFQSLFFEN PCQHPIVIM RDIKWPELK AAVEFMYKG 
EINVSQEQI GPLLKVAES LKIRGLADV NGEQDIVAP 
TGELTTSTR TLLKTASTP NNGSGEWEC RPEGDGPPR 
VKKRRRPSG ERSSLSSPA ESASTEIPD PPPSVEMSP 
APSATPLPS SVSNEPLPL TLPLPQQPQ VSHASSDDM 
EIKPGIAEM IREEERAKL LESSHAWLG ASTSSIADY 
PTLLKLKTP TWTQEQLKE AIDAVVKQK MRFTQASAR 
YGIPKGTLY DNILGKSKR MAVLEEAGL TPSEEAAVL 
EFCCDVSVS PYNRRTKKS LQSVLNFVE KLRRARDPE 
FIFTGLSGF RWWWAFCKK HNIVSLYYE NNGSMHSLN 
NTL
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031038 RA
      atgaaaaaa ttagcggtt ggttgggag ccggtcatt 
agcaacaag tggcaaaat cgccgaaaa gcatggcgt 
ctgtttgaa cggaatcaa caagtcgcg ggcgccgcg 
acggcagcg ccgctattt acgacgttg gccgcgcca 
cgacgcgtc cctccacca tatccacct gttttcttt 
gcacaccta ccatcaaat gcacctttg atgggtcaa 
aatgtttgg attttgttt ggttttggc ttgttttcg 
ttgttgtgt gtagacgtg ccgctttgt tttcttttg 
ttgagttcg agccgtttt agctatcat ccgttttcg 
ttgacgcat tcgaagtcg ttgcaggtg accaccatc 
aacatgcag cacacctcg ggctccccc cagcagttc 
tgcttgcgc tggaacaac taccaatcc aacctgacc 
aacgtcttc gaccagctc ctccagagc gagtcgttc 
gtggacgtc accctcgcc tgcgatggc cactccgtc 
aaggcccac aagatggtc ctctcggcc tgcagcccc 
tatttccag tcactcttt ttcgagaac ccctgccag 
cacccgatc gtcatcatg cgggacatc aagtggccc 
gaactcaaa gccgccgtt gagttcatg tacaagggc 
gagatcaac gtctcgcag gagcagatc gggcccttg 
ctcaaagtc gccgaaagc ttgaaaatc cgcggcttg 
gccgacgtc aacggcgag caagacatc gtcgccccg 
accggcgag ctcaccacc agcaccagg accctcctg 
aagacggcc tccaccccg aacaacggc tccggcgag 
tgggaatgc cggccggag ggtgacggc ccgccacgt 
gtcaaaaag agacgcaga ccttccgga gaacgcagc 
agcctgagc agtccggct gagagtgcg agcacggaa 
attccggat cctccgcct tcggtcgaa atgtcaccg 
gcgccgtcc gcgacgccg cttccttct tccgtttcg 
aacgaaccc ttgccgcta acgttaccg cttccgcaa 
caaccgcaa gtatcacac gcgtcctcg gacgatatg 
gaaatcaaa ccaggcatt gctgagatg atacgcgag 
gaggaacgg gccaagttg ttggagtct tcccatgct 
tggctcggc gcctctacg tcttctata gccgattat 
ccgacatta ctaaaactt aaaaccccc acatggact 
caagagcag ctcaaagaa gcaatcgat gccgtcgtg 
aagcaaaaa atgcgcttc acgcaggct tcggccagg 
tatggtata ccaaagggg acgttgtac gataatatc 
ctagggaaa tcgaagcgg atggccgtg ctggaggag 
gccgggctg accccctcc gaggaggcg gcggtgctg 
gagttttgt tgcgatgtc tcagtttcg ccgtataac 
agacgcacg aaaaaatcg ctgcagtcg gtgctcaac 
tttgtggag aaactgaga cgcgcccga gacccggag 
ttcatcttc accggactt tccgggttc cggtggtgg 
tgggcgttt tgcaaaaag cacaatatt gtctcgctt 
tattacgag aacaacggt tctatgcat tccttaaat 
aatactctt tga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031038 RA
      ttgtttaca taagttaat aaacacatg ttagatctg 
tcaaacgcc acgtgcttc ttgtataca caagtgttt 
tatgaaaaa attagcggt tggttggga gccggtcat 
tagcaacaa gtggcaaaa tcgccgaaa agcatggcg 
tctgtttga acggaatca acaagtcgc gggcgccgc 
gacggcagc gccgctatt tacgacgtt ggccgcgcc 
acgacgcgt ccctccacc atatccacc tgttttctt 
tgcacacct accatcaaa tgcaccttt gatgggtca 
aaatgtttg gattttgtt tggttttgg cttgttttc 
gttgttgtg tgtagacgt gccgctttg ttttctttt 
gttgagttc gagccgttt tagctatca tccgttttc 
gttgacgca ttcgaagtc gttgcaggt gaccaccat 
caacatgca gcacacctc gggctcccc ccagcagtt 
ctgcttgcg ctggaacaa ctaccaatc caacctgac 
caacgtctt cgaccagct cctccagag cgagtcgtt 
cgtggacgt caccctcgc ctgcgatgg ccactccgt 
caaggccca caagatggt cctctcggc ctgcagccc 
ctatttcca gtcactctt tttcgagaa cccctgcca 
gcacccgat cgtcatcat gcgggacat caagtggcc 
cgaactcaa agccgccgt tgagttcat gtacaaggg 
cgagatcaa cgtctcgca ggagcagat cgggccctt 
gctcaaagt cgccgaaag cttgaaaat ccgcggctt 
ggccgacgt caacggcga gcaagacat cgtcgcccc 
gaccggcga gctcaccac cagcaccag gaccctcct 
gaagacggc ctccacccc gaacaacgg ctccggcga 
gtgggaatg ccggccgga gggtgacgg cccgccacg 
tgtcaaaaa gagacgcag accttccgg agaacgcag 
cagcctgag cagtccggc tgagagtgc gagcacgga 
aattccgga tcctccgcc ttcggtcga aatgtcacc 
ggcgccgtc cgcgacgcc gcttccttc ttccgtttc 
gaacgaacc cttgccgct aacgttacc gcttccgca 
acaaccgca agtatcaca cgcgtcctc ggacgatat 
ggaaatcaa accaggcat tgctgagat gatacgcga 
ggaggaacg ggccaagtt gttggagtc ttcccatgc 
ttggctcgg cgcctctac gtcttctat agccgatta 
tccgacatt actaaaact taaaacccc cacatggac 
tcaagagca gctcaaaga agcaatcga tgccgtcgt 
gaagcaaaa aatgcgctt cacgcaggc ttcggccag 
gtatggtat accaaaggg gacgttgta cgataatat 
cctagggaa atcgaagcg gatggccgt gctggagga 
ggccgggct gaccccctc cgaggaggc ggcggtgct 
ggagttttg ttgcgatgt ctcagtttc gccgtataa 
cagacgcac gaaaaaatc gctgcagtc ggtgctcaa 
ctttgtgga gaaactgag acgcgcccg agacccgga 
gttcatctt caccggact ttccgggtt ccggtggtg 
gtgggcgtt ttgcaaaaa gcacaatat tgtctcgct 
ttattacga gaacaacgg ttctatgca ttccttaaa 
taatactct ttgaagacg atgtgatca acgtttagc 
aataaattc taaaactgt taattgggg caatatttt 
tctgtatat aggagttac gttaatgcc tgatgttta 
cagaattcg agttgattt atgaacttt tagatttta 
taaagttac gagtaggga acttgaatt ttacattcc 
ttagcttct cattgtact tccttccat tcctatatt 
attatcatt attttttta cttgttagc tttatttgt 
acatattgc atcctttat taacgttac tttgttatt 
aataatacg atgtttgcg ttcaagtga gctatattt 
atgcaacta attacatgg ctattatac catgcgtgt 
tatattatt atattcaac atgcgatat tgtgtttca 
ttattagtt tagttatat tttattttt attaataac 
ttattttct cacgtattt aagtcggac acatgcatc 
gatcattat caatttagt tacattttg tagccgatg 
gcagctttt taatcacat ggtgcctta actacttga 
taatgattt ttagtttta gtttatttt tagcaataa 
ttttttttt agaataatt tctcacgtc gttatgtac 
gacgatatt tttgagacg atgttactt tcttcaaat 
tattttgca aattatact cctaataaa caattatta 
actat

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY