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Gene information
General information
TC031062
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC002537,TC002538 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 24057276..24074902
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031062
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_03396

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    potentially confused/crosscontaminated with : adults of..., iB # (comma separated) 03386
    Adult morphology
    potentially confused/crosscontaminated with : adults of..., iB # (comma separated) 03386
    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    larval musculature irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    cuticle remnants without visible segmentation but polarity - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    Comment: cuticle remnants were inside-outed
    cuticle remnants with unidentifyable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    potentially confused/crosscontaminated with : adults of..., iB # (comma separated) 03386
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality immediately after eclosion - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    fertility after larval injection decreased (no living offspring) -
    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031062 RA
      MRTIKAEQA YNSFGEVDI KQKNNINNN GDLASMDSS 
DTFASCTTH PFNSQGDLT SDIVDHSCV IDSNLYVNP 
LDKSGENSP VTPAPAPAR TGGVKKSAS GDTALRSLG 
TSPMEEAFR GFGPLDRGS RVSLNDSPL PKNRRTRFQ 
QGGRPRTRF GDAFERDSQ ESLESKRKK TSFIPTRGL 
ASATRIINQ HLFGLQNLS GSRSGKNSG SKSSLSVDS 
IDSRVSPQL EHHRRSKSI LKKSDSSGN RNADPESER 
LISDNMSGY EIGSGSEYS PNKRLSSPP MRHRALSQK 
TLTKTLPPY YQQDTEKNR TLKSQLFLL DDIINKEKQ 
TCKEPVLDS NKLKECGDS VGDMPLYIC PPPPPMDDS 
SPNEETRLL LHPTVVVPS QRQPGNSIS KGPNPSS
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031062 RA
      atgaggacg ataaaagca gagcaagct tataacagc 
ttcggagag gtggacatc aagcagaag aacaacatc 
aataataac ggcgacctg gccagcatg gatagttcg 
gacacgttt gcaagttgt acaacgcac cctttcaat 
tctcaggga gacctcacg tcagatatc gttgatcac 
tcgtgtgta attgatagc aatctttat gtgaatccg 
ttggataag agcggggag aacagtcca gtcactccg 
gcgccagca ccagccagg actgggggt gtgaagaaa 
tcggcttcg ggggatacg gccttaagg agtttgggg 
acgtcgccg atggaggag gctttcagg ggcttcggg 
ccgctggat agagggagt agggtcagt ctcaacgat 
tcacctctt ccgaagaac agaaggacg agattccaa 
cagggcgga cgtccccgg actcgcttc ggcgacgct 
ttcgaacgc gattctcaa gaaagtctc gaatcgaaa 
cggaagaag acttcgttt attccaacg agaggatta 
gcttcggcc accagaatt atcaatcag catttattc 
ggtctacag aacttgagt ggatcaaga tcaggcaaa 
aacagcggc agcaagtca tcgctgtct gtggattcg 
atcgacagc cgtgtcagt ccgcaatta gaacatcat 
cggcgttcg aaatcaatt ttgaagaaa tcggacagc 
agcggaaac cgcaacgcg gatccggaa agcgagcgt 
ttaatctct gacaatatg tccggttat gagatcggt 
tccggtagc gaatattct ccaaacaaa cgactttcc 
tctccgccg atgaggcat cgtgctctc agccaaaaa 
actctaacg aaaactctt cctccctat taccagcag 
gataccgag aaaaacagg acattaaag tcgcagctg 
tttttgtta gacgatatt ataaataaa gagaaacag 
acgtgtaag gaaccagtg ctcgattcg aataaattg 
aaagagtgc ggtgatagt gttggtgat atgccgttg 
tacatctgt cctccgcct cctcccatg gacgacagc 
tcacccaac gaagaaacc agactgctt cttcatccc 
accgtggtt gtgccgtca cagaggcag cccggaaac 
tccatctcc aaaggaccc aatccgtcc tcgtag
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031062 RA
      agcatttta ctatgctag acaccactg aatctaaca 
ataaaacat tttccaagt tcttccttt tccacctga 
aataaaatt tgcctccac tagcgaaac tacggcgtg 
ttatcctcg aatcgtgtc aaaatctat gtaaatgcg 
tcgctgcga gtccattag ccttcgagc tcatttcgt 
atttgtcgt tgaccatga aatccaact ttatgtact 
aagctaatt caggcaaac cccccagga tttcaaaga 
gtttgttga cgcggaaaa cttgatgcc tctgccgac 
gagcgactt ccgcaatcc cgtctgtct ggaaatgag 
gacgataaa agcagagca agcttataa cagcttcgg 
agaggtgga catcaagca gaagaacaa catcaataa 
taacggcga cctggccag catggatag ttcggacac 
gtttgcaag ttgtacaac gcacccttt caattctca 
gggagacct cacgtcaga tatcgttga tcactcgtg 
tgtaattga tagcaatct ttatgtgaa tccgttgga 
taagagcgg ggagaacag tccagtcac tccggcgcc 
agcaccagc caggactgg gggtgtgaa gaaatcggc 
ttcggggga tacggcctt aaggagttt ggggacgtc 
gccgatgga ggaggcttt caggggctt cgggccgct 
ggatagagg gagtagggt cagtctcaa cgattcacc 
tcttccgaa gaacagaag gacgagatt ccaacaggg 
cggacgtcc ccggactcg cttcggcga cgctttcga 
acgcgattc tcaagaaag tctcgaatc gaaacggaa 
gaagacttc gtttattcc aacgagagg attagcttc 
ggccaccag aattatcaa tcagcattt attcggtct 
acagaactt gagtggatc aagatcagg caaaaacag 
cggcagcaa gtcatcgct gtctgtgga ttcgatcga 
cagccgtgt cagtccgca attagaaca tcatcggcg 
ttcgaaatc aattttgaa gaaatcgga cagcagcgg 
aaaccgcaa cgcggatcc ggaaagcga gcgtttaat 
ctctgacaa tatgtccgg ttatgagat cggttccgg 
tagcgaata ttctccaaa caaacgact ttcctctcc 
gccgatgag gcatcgtgc tctcagcca aaaaactct 
aacgaaaac tcttcctcc ctattacca gcaggatac 
cgagaaaaa caggacatt aaagtcgca gctgttttt 
gttagacga tattataaa taaagagaa acagacgtg 
taaggaacc agtgctcga ttcgaataa attgaaaga 
gtgcggtga tagtgttgg tgatatgcc gttgtacat 
ctgtcctcc gcctcctcc catggacga cagctcacc 
caacgaaga aaccagact gcttcttca tcccaccgt 
ggttgtgcc gtcacagag gcagcccgg aaactccat 
ctccaaagg acccaatcc gtcctcgta gcattcaaa 
ggtaaaaaa ggattttga attttcatg ttgcaagtt 
tgaagagaa caataacaa aatcttcat catttccat 
atatcgttc tccgaccgg cgatttatc tcgctttga 
atataacct ctgtaattt g

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY