Status
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Gene information
General information
TC002459 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 29939912..29941619
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (2) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC002459
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
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    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_03378

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 30.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    larval musculature irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    cuticle remnants strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs) - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    procephalic appendages partiallyremaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    gnathal appendages partiallyremaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen partiallyeverted (inside-out) - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    head irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen segment number decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    abdomen sometimes partiallyeverted (inside-out) - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC002459 RA
      MSRYGLTSL LLKLNKLVP HSSQANQTS MSQIKTFVF 
LDLETTGLP HLEHNKTRI TELCAVSVR ADHIELGCF 
PRVQNKLSL CFNPMKMIS PEATSLTGL SNDLLEYQA 
SFSSDAVDV IRKWLEMNQ KPICLVAHN GNRFDYPIL 
RAEVEKTRN KLPEDILCL DSLNAFRSI DTLEAEAVK 
QPPKGEIPF EFNDGYDEL LSQAVDEYE KQMKLTPEQ 
VQKINETTP QKQKICSTT GNGGPGAST KRNFGHIRE 
FVSYKLEDV YKRLTSKEP ISAHEAEGD VTMLVTCAA 
VYGEKFVKY ANDNSKRLS EIPAMTPGR RIGF
    • >TC002459 RB
      MTTGTGSTD HLLNLSNLC RQTVACVTP SQKDLETTG 
LPHLEHNKT RITELCAVS VRADHIELG CFPRVQNKL 
SLCFNPMKM ISPEATSLT GLSNDLLEY QASFSSDAV 
DVIRKWLEM NQKPICLVA HNGNRFDYP ILRAEVEKT 
RNKLPEDIL CLDSLNAFR SIDTLEAEA VKQPPKGEI 
PFEFNDGYD ELLSQAVDE YEKQMKLTP EQVQKINET 
TPQKQKICS TTGNGGPGA STKRNFGHI REFVSYKLE 
DVYKRLTSK EPISAHEAE GDVTMLVTC AAVYGEKFV 
KYANDNSKR LSEIPAMTP GRRIGF
    CDS sequence
    • >TC002459 RA
      atgagcaga tatggtctc actagccta ctgttaaaa 
ctgaacaag ttggtgccc cactcgagt caagccaac 
caaacctca atgtctcaa atcaaaacg ttcgttttc 
ctagacctg gagaccacc ggtttgccc catttggag 
cacaacaag acccgaatt accgaatta tgtgccgtg 
tcggtccga gcggaccac atcgagctc gggtgcttc 
ccccgagtt caaaataaa ttgtccttg tgtttcaac 
cctatgaag atgattagt cccgaagcc acctccctg 
acagggctc tcgaacgac ttgttggag taccaggcg 
agtttttcg agtgacgca gtggacgtg ataaggaag 
tggttagag atgaatcag aaaccgatt tgtttggtt 
gcacataac gggaatcga tttgattat ccaattctg 
agagcggag gtcgaaaaa acgcggaat aaattacca 
gaggatatt ctctgtctt gactctctt aacgcattt 
agaagcatt gatacgtta gaggcagag gcggtgaaa 
cagccaccc aaaggagaa ataccgttt gagtttaac 
gacggttat gatgagctt ttaagccaa gcagtggac 
gagtatgaa aagcaaatg aaactcaca cctgaacaa 
gtacaaaaa attaacgaa acgacgcca caaaaacaa 
aagatttgc tcaacaact ggaaatggg ggccctggc 
gcttcaacc aaacgtaat tttgggcac attagggaa 
ttcgttagt tataaattg gaagatgtt tacaaaaga 
ctgacttct aaagaacca atcagtgca catgaggcc 
gaaggcgat gttacgatg ctagtcact tgtgcggcg 
gtttatggc gaaaaattc gtcaaatat gcaaacgat 
aattcgaaa agactgtca gaaattcca gccatgacg 
cccggcaga agaattgga ttttaa
    • >TC002459 RB
      atgacgacc ggcaccggc agcacagat cacttactt 
aacctctct aatctgtgc cggcagaca gtggcgtgc 
gtcacgccc tcccagaaa gacctggag accaccggt 
ttgccccat ttggagcac aacaagacc cgaattacc 
gaattatgt gccgtgtcg gtccgagcg gaccacatc 
gagctcggg tgcttcccc cgagttcaa aataaattg 
tccttgtgt ttcaaccct atgaagatg attagtccc 
gaagccacc tccctgaca gggctctcg aacgacttg 
ttggagtac caggcgagt ttttcgagt gacgcagtg 
gacgtgata aggaagtgg ttagagatg aatcagaaa 
ccgatttgt ttggttgca cataacggg aatcgattt 
gattatcca attctgaga gcggaggtc gaaaaaacg 
cggaataaa ttaccagag gatattctc tgtcttgac 
tctcttaac gcatttaga agcattgat acgttagag 
gcagaggcg gtgaaacag ccacccaaa ggagaaata 
ccgtttgag tttaacgac ggttatgat gagctttta 
agccaagca gtggacgag tatgaaaag caaatgaaa 
ctcacacct gaacaagta caaaaaatt aacgaaacg 
acgccacaa aaacaaaag atttgctca acaactgga 
aatgggggc cctggcgct tcaaccaaa cgtaatttt 
gggcacatt agggaattc gttagttat aaattggaa 
gatgtttac aaaagactg acttctaaa gaaccaatc 
agtgcacat gaggccgaa ggcgatgtt acgatgcta 
gtcacttgt gcggcggtt tatggcgaa aaattcgtc 
aaatatgca aacgataat tcgaaaaga ctgtcagaa 
attccagcc atgacgccc ggcagaaga attggattt 
taa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC002459 RA
      gcagacagt ggcgtgcgt cacgccctc ccagaaagg 
taaacaaca actttccct cttaattgc gctcaatta 
gcaggcact tatgactac attacgata ttaagaata 
tattaagaa tgagcagat atggtctca ctagcctac 
tgttaaaac tgaacaagt tggtgcccc actcgagtc 
aagccaacc aaacctcaa tgtctcaaa tcaaaacgt 
tcgttttcc tagacctgg agaccaccg gtttgcccc 
atttggagc acaacaaga cccgaatta ccgaattat 
gtgccgtgt cggtccgag cggaccaca tcgagctcg 
ggtgcttcc cccgagttc aaaataaat tgtccttgt 
gtttcaacc ctatgaaga tgattagtc ccgaagcca 
cctccctga cagggctct cgaacgact tgttggagt 
accaggcga gtttttcga gtgacgcag tggacgtga 
taaggaagt ggttagaga tgaatcaga aaccgattt 
gtttggttg cacataacg ggaatcgat ttgattatc 
caattctga gagcggagg tcgaaaaaa cgcggaata 
aattaccag aggatattc tctgtcttg actctctta 
acgcattta gaagcattg atacgttag aggcagagg 
cggtgaaac agccaccca aaggagaaa taccgtttg 
agtttaacg acggttatg atgagcttt taagccaag 
cagtggacg agtatgaaa agcaaatga aactcacac 
ctgaacaag tacaaaaaa ttaacgaaa cgacgccac 
aaaaacaaa agatttgct caacaactg gaaatgggg 
gccctggcg cttcaacca aacgtaatt ttgggcaca 
ttagggaat tcgttagtt ataaattgg aagatgttt 
acaaaagac tgacttcta aagaaccaa tcagtgcac 
atgaggccg aaggcgatg ttacgatgc tagtcactt 
gtgcggcgg tttatggcg aaaaattcg tcaaatatg 
caaacgata attcgaaaa gactgtcag aaattccag 
ccatgacgc ccggcagaa gaattggat tttaatgat 
tttatcatt tttttattt tatttatac tgactaata 
tgtgtgtta tg
    • >TC002459 RB
      taaatttta aataaatta atcaaaatg acgaccggc 
accggcagc acagatcac ttacttaac ctctctaat 
ctgtgccgg cagacagtg gcgtgcgtc acgccctcc 
cagaaagac ctggagacc accggtttg ccccatttg 
gagcacaac aagacccga attaccgaa ttatgtgcc 
gtgtcggtc cgagcggac cacatcgag ctcgggtgc 
ttcccccga gttcaaaat aaattgtcc ttgtgtttc 
aaccctatg aagatgatt agtcccgaa gccacctcc 
ctgacaggg ctctcgaac gacttgttg gagtaccag 
gcgagtttt tcgagtgac gcagtggac gtgataagg 
aagtggtta gagatgaat cagaaaccg atttgtttg 
gttgcacat aacgggaat cgatttgat tatccaatt 
ctgagagcg gaggtcgaa aaaacgcgg aataaatta 
ccagaggat attctctgt cttgactct cttaacgca 
tttagaagc attgatacg ttagaggca gaggcggtg 
aaacagcca cccaaagga gaaataccg tttgagttt 
aacgacggt tatgatgag cttttaagc caagcagtg 
gacgagtat gaaaagcaa atgaaactc acacctgaa 
caagtacaa aaaattaac gaaacgacg ccacaaaaa 
caaaagatt tgctcaaca actggaaat gggggccct 
ggcgcttca accaaacgt aattttggg cacattagg 
gaattcgtt agttataaa ttggaagat gtttacaaa 
agactgact tctaaagaa ccaatcagt gcacatgag 
gccgaaggc gatgttacg atgctagtc acttgtgcg 
gcggtttat ggcgaaaaa ttcgtcaaa tatgcaaac 
gataattcg aaaagactg tcagaaatt ccagccatg 
acgcccggc agaagaatt ggattttaa tgattttat 
cattttttt attttattt atactgact aatatgtgt 
gttatg

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY