Status
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Gene information
General information
TC034329
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC012421 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007424.3: 7086719..7095843
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC034329
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
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    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_02917

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    larval musculature fluorescence decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    larval musculature potentially degenerated - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    larval musculature not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%

    Comment: Larval musculature development is either disrupted or the animals die before the muscles are formed.
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    larva cuticle thinner - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    Comment: most animals die potentially just before secreting a cuticle
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 40.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 50.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality early (L5/6) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion delayed (still pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC034329 RA
      MAATVKSVA SRLSILSNL KRLTPRTYF TYTNEPAQP 
IKGKEPKWT SLENAFEAL KSGDTVFVQ GAAATPIDL 
VTAMTEYGK SKKLKDVTV CHMHTEGPA AYCDPSCEG 
IFRSFSFFM GGNVRKAVA EGRGDCLPI FLSEIPLLF 
YKKIFQPEI ALIHVSPPD EHGYCSLGT SVDCVRAAM 
TNSKLIIAQ VNPKMPRTF GDGIIHISH IDVAVKVDT 
PLPQHGGRP PTEVESKIG KLIADNLVT DGATLQMGI 
GNIPDAVLA ALTNHKDLG IHSEMFAGG VVDLVEKGC 
VTNNRKSMH KGRIVGSFL IGTQKLYDF VDNNPFIEM 
LAIDYVNNT KIVAQQPSM TAINSCIEV DLTGQIVSD 
SIGTRMYSG FGGQVDFIR GAAESLDGL GKPIIALPS 
TTNKGESKI SPLIKQGAG VVTTRAHVH YVVTEHGIA 
YLFGKSLRQ RAHALINIA HPNHREALE KAAFERLKV 
MPSA
    CDS sequence
    • >TC034329 RA
      atggctgcc acagtaaaa agtgttgcg agtagactt 
tccatttta tcgaattta aaaaggctg acaccaaga 
acgtacttt acttacacc aatgaaccg gcacagcct 
attaagggc aaagagccc aaatggacc tccttagaa 
aatgcattt gaagcttta aagtcaggg gacaccgtt 
tttgtacaa ggggccgcc gcaaccccg atcgatcta 
gtaactgca atgaccgaa tatggaaaa tccaaaaaa 
ctgaaagac gttacggtg tgtcacatg cacactgag 
ggtcctgct gcttactgc gacccctcc tgtgaaggc 
attttcaga tcgttctcc tttttcatg ggaggaaac 
gtgcggaag gccgtagct gagggtaga ggtgactgt 
ttaccaatt ttcctctcg gaaattccg ctcctattt 
tacaagaag attttccaa ccggaaatc gcactaatc 
catgtttct ccacccgat gagcacggt tattgcagt 
ttgggcacc agtgttgac tgtgtcaga gcagccatg 
acaaactcc aagctgata atcgctcag gttaatcca 
aaaatgccc cgaactttc ggcgatggc ataatccac 
ataagtcac atcgacgtt gccgtgaag gttgacact 
cctttgcca caacacggg ggccgtccg ccaaccgaa 
gttgaatcg aaaatcggc aaattgatt gccgataat 
ttggtcaca gatggggcc actttacag atgggtatt 
ggtaacatt cccgatgct gttcttgca gccctaacg 
aatcacaag gatctcggt attcattcg gaaatgttt 
gccggtggt gtggttgat ttggtggaa aagggatgc 
gttacaaat aatcgaaag tcgatgcat aagggacgt 
atcgtcggg tcgttcttg atcggaacg cagaaattg 
tacgatttt gtggataat aacccgttc atcgaaatg 
ttggccatc gactacgtc aacaataca aagattgtt 
gcgcaacag cctagcatg actgcgatc aattcttgc 
atcgaagtg gatctaact ggccaaatc gtgtccgac 
tcgatcgga acccggatg tactccggc ttcggaggc 
caagtggac ttcatccga ggcgccgct gagagttta 
gacggctta gggaaacca attattgcc ttaccttcc 
acgacaaac aagggcgag agcaaaatt tcgcccttg 
attaaacaa ggtgccggt gtggtgacc accagggcc 
cacgtccac tacgtggtg accgagcac ggcatcgcc 
tacctgttc ggcaagtcc ctccggcag cgggcgcac 
gctctcatc aacatcgcc caccccaac caccgcgaa 
gccctcgaa aaagccgcc ttcgagcgc ctcaaagta 
atgcccagc gcttaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC034329 RA
      atcgcttag acagagaca ccaatacaa attctccaa 
gtgcgaaaa ggagggcaa cacgtagtt gtcaaacat 
tggcaaaca cataaaaaa tcagtctta ttttcattc 
attcggttt cacacgaat ttgccttgc caagggagg 
tttagtttt tgagtgtct ttgagggat tttagaaga 
aaattgtga gtgatggct gccacagta aaaagtgtt 
gcgagtaga ctttccatt ttatcgaat ttaaaaagg 
ctgacacca agaacgtac tttacttac accaatgaa 
ccggcacag cctattaag ggcaaagag cccaaatgg 
acctcctta gaaaatgca tttgaagct ttaaagtca 
ggggacacc gtttttgta caaggggcc gccgcaacc 
ccgatcgat ctagtaact gcaatgacc gaatatgga 
aaatccaaa aaactgaaa gacgttacg gtgtgtcac 
atgcacact gagggtcct gctgcttac tgcgacccc 
tcctgtgaa ggcattttc agatcgttc tcctttttc 
atgggagga aacgtgcgg aaggccgta gctgagggt 
agaggtgac tgtttacca attttcctc tcggaaatt 
ccgctccta ttttacaag aagattttc caaccggaa 
atcgcacta atccatgtt tctccaccc gatgagcac 
ggttattgc agtttgggc accagtgtt gactgtgtc 
agagcagcc atgacaaac tccaagctg ataatcgct 
caggttaat ccaaaaatg ccccgaact ttcggcgat 
ggcataatc cacataagt cacatcgac gttgccgtg 
aaggttgac actcctttg ccacaacac gggggccgt 
ccgccaacc gaagttgaa tcgaaaatc ggcaaattg 
attgccgat aatttggtc acagatggg gccacttta 
cagatgggt attggtaac attcccgat gctgttctt 
gcagcccta acgaatcac aaggatctc ggtattcat 
tcggaaatg tttgccggt ggtgtggtt gatttggtg 
gaaaaggga tgcgttaca aataatcga aagtcgatg 
cataaggga cgtatcgtc gggtcgttc ttgatcgga 
acgcagaaa ttgtacgat tttgtggat aataacccg 
ttcatcgaa atgttggcc atcgactac gtcaacaat 
acaaagatt gttgcgcaa cagcctagc atgactgcg 
atcaattct tgcatcgaa gtggatcta actggccaa 
atcgtgtcc gactcgatc ggaacccgg atgtactcc 
ggcttcgga ggccaagtg gacttcatc cgaggcgcc 
gctgagagt ttagacggc ttagggaaa ccaattatt 
gccttacct tccacgaca aacaagggc gagagcaaa 
atttcgccc ttgattaaa caaggtgcc ggtgtggtg 
accaccagg gcccacgtc cactacgtg gtgaccgag 
cacggcatc gcctacctg ttcggcaag tccctccgg 
cagcgggcg cacgctctc atcaacatc gcccacccc 
aaccaccgc gaagccctc gaaaaagcc gccttcgag 
cgcctcaaa gtaatgccc agcgcttaa tttcatttc 
cacaattat tttttaccc gcaacacaa taagttaca 
aaagct

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY