Status
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Gene information
General information
TC032913
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC008469,TC008470 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007419.2: 11097456..11103130
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032913
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
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    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
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    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_02777

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: -1.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: -1.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032913 RA
      MNDNAKLYS SVGQLQKQG IAETLQKYI KLVRFKDKI 
KVLDVGCAD GGLTSEILV PNLPPDFDE IIGMDISPK 
MVTYAREKL KANAKFSFV QFDITSEQI PEKFYEYFD 
NIFSFYSFN WISEHKHPQ ALKNLYKML KPGGYIFLV 
IISTSQVFD VYETMSQSE KWAPFVKNV RETVSLYHF 
IDQPQPKLN NFLKSAGFD CHLCTLEEK CYTFENLAH 
FWEWAVSIN PFYKKIPEN KLQSYQEDY LNEFRKHKN 
VFIEVSNRE EKIRKPYTT LVACASKPE EVQAFVQDL 
VVKMNDNAE LYSDFGDLQ RRDADYILK KYSNYLKFG 
KNAKVLDIG TADGTLTSQ ILFPKLPQD LEKLIGFDI 
AENMVNYAK KKCQDLPKL DFVQMDITC EKIPLKYYQ 
SFDNIFSFY CLNWVPEES FPQTMKNIY DLLKPGGQA 
FITIVGNSP LFDFLKRTS LKEKWAPIM SNVDQYLSI 
FHKLEHPEV KLEKFVTDA GFESKLCTV EHLSYVFPN 
FTYWWDWAM SINPFIKNL SENEIDLYR EDYMKEVKR 
HKSVTIQDG EKIAIVYTI LVVCASKP
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032913 RA
      atgaacgac aacgcgaaa ctttattca agcgtcggc 
cagttgcaa aaacaaggc atcgctgaa actttgcaa 
aaatacata aaacttgtt cgtttcaaa gacaaaata 
aaagtgtta gatgttggg tgtgctgat ggtggtctc 
acttccgaa attcttgtg ccaaatttg ccgccagat 
tttgacgaa attatcgga atggacatc tccccaaaa 
atggtaact tacgccaga gaaaagctt aaagcaaat 
gcaaaattt agtttcgtt caatttgat atcacttcg 
gaacaaatt cccgagaaa ttttacgaa tatttcgac 
aacattttc tcgttttat agctttaat tggatttct 
gaacacaaa catcctcaa gcactcaaa aatttgtac 
aaaatgcta aaacccggc ggttacatt tttctagtg 
attatttca accagccaa gttttcgac gtttatgaa 
accatgtcc cagtctgaa aagtgggcc ccatttgtg 
aaaaatgtg agagaaacg gtatcgctc tatcacttc 
atcgaccaa ccacaaccg aaactgaac aatttcctg 
aaaagtgca ggttttgat tgtcattta tgcacgctg 
gaagagaaa tgttacaca tttgagaat ttagcgcac 
ttttgggaa tgggcggtt tctattaat ccattttat 
aaaaaaatt ccggaaaat aaactgcag tcgtaccaa 
gaagactat ttgaacgaa tttaggaaa cacaaaaat 
gtttttatc gaagtctca aatcgggaa gaaaaaatt 
cggaagcca tacaccact cttgtggct tgtgcctca 
aagcccgag gaagtgcaa gcgtttgtg caagattta 
gttgttaaa atgaacgac aacgctgaa ctttactcg 
gatttcggt gacttgcaa agacgcgac gccgattac 
attttgaaa aaatattca aactacctc aaatttggg 
aaaaatgct aaggtgctg gacattggg acggctgat 
ggcaccctc acatcacaa attttattc ccaaaacta 
ccccaagat ttggaaaaa ttgatcggg tttgatatc 
gccgaaaac atggtaaat tacgctaag aaaaaatgc 
caggatcta ccgaaactt gactttgtt caaatggac 
atcacttgc gaaaaaatc cccttgaaa tattaccaa 
tccttcgac aatattttt tcgttttat tgcctcaat 
tgggtccca gaggaaagc tttccccaa acgatgaaa 
aatatttac gacttgcta aaaccagga ggccaagct 
tttattact attgttgga aatagccca ctttttgat 
tttctcaaa aggacttct ttgaaggaa aaatgggct 
ccaattatg tcaaatgtt gatcagtac ttgtcgatt 
tttcacaaa ttggagcat cccgaagtt aaattagaa 
aaattcgtg acggatgct ggttttgag agcaaattg 
tgcaccgtt gaacatttg agttacgtt tttccgaat 
tttacatat tggtgggat tgggcaatg tcgatcaat 
ccatttatc aaaaatctc tccgaaaat gagatcgat 
ttgtaccgc gaagactac atgaaagag gtgaagaga 
cacaagtcg gttacgatt caagacggg gagaaaatt 
gcaattgtc tacacaatt cttgtcgtt tgtgcttca 
aaaccatga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032913 RA
      agcaatgaa cgacaacgc gaaacttta ttcaagcgt 
cggccagtt gcaaaaaca aggcatcgc tgaaacttt 
gcaaaaata cataaaact tgttcgttt caaagacaa 
aataaaagt gttagatgt tgggtgtgc tgatggtgg 
tctcacttc cgaaattct tgtgccaaa tttgccgcc 
agattttga cgaaattat cggaatgga catctcccc 
aaaaatggt aacttacgc cagagaaaa gcttaaagc 
aaatgcaaa atttagttt cgttcaatt tgatatcac 
ttcggaaca aattcccga gaaatttta cgaatattt 
cgacaacat tttctcgtt ttatagctt taattggat 
ttctgaaca caaacatcc tcaagcact caaaaattt 
gtacaaaat gctaaaacc cggcggtta catttttct 
agtgattat ttcaaccag ccaagtttt cgacgttta 
tgaaaccat gtcccagtc tgaaaagtg ggccccatt 
tgtgaaaaa tgtgagaga aacggtatc gctctatca 
cttcatcga ccaaccaca accgaaact gaacaattt 
cctgaaaag tgcaggttt tgattgtca tttatgcac 
gctggaaga gaaatgtta cacatttga gaatttagc 
gcacttttg ggaatgggc ggtttctat taatccatt 
ttataaaaa aattccgga aaataaact gcagtcgta 
ccaagaaga ctatttgaa cgaatttag gaaacacaa 
aaatgtttt tatcgaagt ctcaaatcg ggaagaaaa 
aattcggaa gccatacac cactcttgt ggcttgtgc 
ctcaaagcc cgaggaagt gcaagcgtt tgtgcaaga 
tttagttgt taaaatgaa cgacaacgc tgaacttta 
ctcggattt cggtgactt gcaaagacg cgacgccga 
ttacatttt gaaaaaata ttcaaacta cctcaaatt 
tgggaaaaa tgctaaggt gctggacat tgggacggc 
tgatggcac cctcacatc acaaatttt attcccaaa 
actacccca agatttgga aaaattgat cgggtttga 
tatcgccga aaacatggt aaattacgc taagaaaaa 
atgccagga tctaccgaa acttgactt tgttcaaat 
ggacatcac ttgcgaaaa aatcccctt gaaatatta 
ccaatcctt cgacaatat tttttcgtt ttattgcct 
caattgggt cccagagga aagctttcc ccaaacgat 
gaaaaatat ttacgactt gctaaaacc aggaggcca 
agcttttat tactattgt tggaaatag cccactttt 
tgattttct caaaaggac ttctttgaa ggaaaaatg 
ggctccaat tatgtcaaa tgttgatca gtacttgtc 
gatttttca caaattgga gcatcccga agttaaatt 
agaaaaatt cgtgacgga tgctggttt tgagagcaa 
attgtgcac cgttgaaca tttgagtta cgtttttcc 
gaattttac atattggtg ggattgggc aatgtcgat 
caatccatt tatcaaaaa tctctccga aaatgagat 
cgatttgta ccgcgaaga ctacatgaa agaggtgaa 
gagacacaa gtcggttac gattcaaga cggggagaa 
aattgcaat tgtctacac aattcttgt cgtttgtgc 
ttcaaaacc atgatttaa taaataaat gaatcgtta
    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY