Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031391
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC011371 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NW_015450233.1: 267239..273303
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031391
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_02633

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Adult morphology
    elytra shape irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5

    elytra symmetry decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5


    abdominal odoriferous glands shape irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (41 dpi)
    Days post injection


    abdominal odoriferous glands partially content not present - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (41 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031391 RA
      MQVILYHNQ SGEAAFSGD LKQKEVHRA ITLHPVKQP 
QHMYRLDKY VKGLKIQAY QQECIDLHR GIASSMSQM 
GYTIGRLPN ASLVQGLPL FAAPRGSQL YLGDPTLLG 
MPQSLTRHQ PRAVQEVLD WELISKTLY SYKDLNPRR 
RIGSALKEG LNDVVRDIM EVINSYSKQ RGRVIDFKE 
ILYGYWRLD PVHGIDLIL DLLLVYRKY RGHKMTVQV 
RRHAYVQQT FTGIFVREI TKASPSSVA VPKIVKHII 
STFEKIPPI FPSITAKNQ RQTVNFIVP LSGRFDTFR 
RFLRLYEDI CIKGGEETR LFVILYQSV GFEASARAI 
EGLQGRYLN SGVSVVYVN ESFSRAKAL ENGLKFVSD 
DDLVLFIDV DMVFDARSL QRVRQNTVK GRSVYFPIV 
YSLFDPRIT NRSLGIDEE SGFWRQFGF GIVSIFKND 
YKKLGGFNL NISGWGFED VAFYDTAIQ SDLRIVRSA 
DPGLVHVYH PIHCDINLD SNQRNMCLG TQANMLGSR 
KQLEAIFRR FRHLFS
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031391 RA
      atgcaagtc attttatat cacaaccaa agcggtgaa 
gctgcattc agtggcgat cttaaacag aaggaagtc 
caccgtgcg atcacttta cacccggtc aagcaacct 
caacacatg tataggctc gataaatac gtgaagggt 
ttgaaaatc caggcgtac caacaggag tgtatcgac 
ctccaccga ggcatcgcc tcgtccatg tcccagatg 
ggttatacc attgggcgt ttgcccaac gccagtcta 
gtccaaggt ttgccactt tttgccgca ccaagaggc 
tcacaactc tatttgggc gaccctaca ctcttgggc 
atgcctcag agcctcacg aggcaccag ccgagggct 
gtgcaagaa gttctcgac tgggagctc atctccaaa 
acactatat tcttacaag gatttgaat ccaaggcgc 
cggattggc tccgccctc aaggagggc ctaaatgac 
gtagttcgt gacattatg gaagttatc aactcgtat 
tcgaagcaa cgaggccgg gttatagat tttaaggag 
attttgtat ggttattgg aggttggac cccgtacat 
gggattgat ttaattttg gaccttttg ctcgtttat 
cgcaagtac agagggcac aagatgaca gtgcaagtg 
cgaaggcat gcttacgtg cagcaaact tttacaggt 
atattcgtt cgtgaaatc accaaagca tcgccttct 
agtgtcgcc gtccccaaa atcgtcaaa cacatcatt 
tcgacgttt gagaaaatt ccgcctatt tttccgtca 
atcaccgcc aaaaatcaa cgtcaaact gtcaatttt 
attgtgcct ttgagcggc cgttttgac acatttcgg 
cgctttctg cgattatat gaagacatt tgtatcaaa 
ggtggcgaa gaaacgcgc ttatttgta attttgtat 
caaagtgtg ggctttgag gcgagtgct agggctata 
gaagggcta caagggcgg tatttgaac agtggcgtg 
agtgtggtg tacgttaac gaaagtttt agtcgggct 
aaagcccta gaaaatggg ctaaagttt gtgagtgat 
gacgattta gtgctattt attgacgtt gatatggtt 
tttgatgca cgaagtttg cagcgagtg cgtcaaaat 
accgtcaag ggccgaagt gtttatttt ccgatagtt 
tacagtttg tttgaccct agaattacg aatcgaagt 
ttaggcatc gatgaagag tcgggtttt tggcgccag 
tttggtttc ggtatagtt agcatcttt aaaaatgac 
tacaaaaaa ttgggcggg tttaatttg aacatttcg 
gggtggggc ttcgaagat gtggcgttt tacgacacc 
gctatccaa tcagatttg aggattgtg cgcagtgct 
gatcccgga ttggtccac gtgtatcac ccgattcat 
tgtgatatt aatttagac agcaatcag cggaatatg 
tgtttaggg acgcaggcg aatatgtta ggaagtcgc 
aagcaattg gaggcgatt tttcgacga tttagacat 
ttgtttagt tga
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031391 RA
      acgctgaaa acagcatct tattcgtaa aattttaaa 
ataaacgat taaagttca ttgcattta ttgcaacga 
caaaacgct catatttta tcacactct tgtataaat 
attggggca aaagtcaaa aatcatcat ttttattga 
cacatattc ctatttctg gcacgtttt aattcctta 
tctctggtt atctgatat ccgagttat tcaaactat 
gcacacgac taacataaa atcgcattt gcgagatat 
ttgacccaa ttttataaa aaaaaaaag cgaatcaat 
caagatggc ttgattgaa caattgcta ccacagata 
agttgataa gcacacacg cgtgatttt ttccaattg 
ataagaacc tctcattca gcatccaat caccagatg 
atttatctg attttttga tatgagttt gacagcgga 
tgggcttag gtagaattt ttgctattg ttagtcggc 
aacaggcaa cgttcaagt tcaaggcca gcccggatg 
tggcatctg gagaccatc tttgtgttc ggctctcga 
gtttttgtc tcgagccgt tgaattctc ttaatttta 
ttgaaaaaa gtcggggga aaaattcca ctataggcc 
cgccaacgc ttgttaagc ccaatgttc gaattgaaa 
tataatgac ttagaccct gaagtcatt caatattat 
taaaattaa cgttctcta atagatgca agtcatttt 
atatcacaa ccaaagcgg tgaagctgc attcagtgg 
cgatcttaa acagaagga agtccaccg tgcgatcac 
tttacaccc ggtcaagca acctcaaca catgtatag 
gctcgataa atacgtgaa gggtttgaa aatccaggc 
gtaccaaca ggagtgtat cgacctcca ccgaggcat 
cgcctcgtc catgtccca gatgggtta taccattgg 
gcgtttgcc caacgccag tctagtcca aggtttgcc 
actttttgc cgcaccaag aggctcaca actctattt 
gggcgaccc tacactctt gggcatgcc tcagagcct 
cacgaggca ccagccgag ggctgtgca agaagttct 
cgactggga gctcatctc caaaacact atattctta 
caaggattt gaatccaag gcgccggat tggctccgc 
cctcaagga gggcctaaa tgacgtagt tcgtgacat 
tatggaagt tatcaactc gtattcgaa gcaacgagg 
ccgggttat agattttaa ggagatttt gtatggtta 
ttggaggtt ggaccccgt acatgggat tgatttaat 
tttggacct tttgctcgt ttatcgcaa gtacagagg 
gcacaagat gacagtgca agtgcgaag gcatgctta 
cgtgcagca aacttttac aggtatatt cgttcgtga 
aatcaccaa agcatcgcc ttctagtgt cgccgtccc 
caaaatcgt caaacacat catttcgac gtttgagaa 
aattccgcc tatttttcc gtcaatcac cgccaaaaa 
tcaacgtca aactgtcaa ttttattgt gcctttgag 
cggccgttt tgacacatt tcggcgctt tctgcgatt 
atatgaaga catttgtat caaaggtgg cgaagaaac 
gcgcttatt tgtaatttt gtatcaaag tgtgggctt 
tgaggcgag tgctagggc tatagaagg gctacaagg 
gcggtattt gaacagtgg cgtgagtgt ggtgtacgt 
taacgaaag ttttagtcg ggctaaagc cctagaaaa 
tgggctaaa gtttgtgag tgatgacga tttagtgct 
atttattga cgttgatat ggtttttga tgcacgaag 
tttgcagcg agtgcgtca aaataccgt caagggccg 
aagtgttta ttttccgat agtttacag tttgtttga 
ccctagaat tacgaatcg aagtttagg catcgatga 
agagtcggg tttttggcg ccagtttgg tttcggtat 
agttagcat ctttaaaaa tgactacaa aaaattggg 
cgggtttaa tttgaacat ttcggggtg gggcttcga 
agatgtggc gttttacga caccgctat ccaatcaga 
tttgaggat tgtgcgcag tgctgatcc cggattggt 
ccacgtgta tcacccgat tcattgtga tattaattt 
agacagcaa tcagcggaa tatgtgttt agggacgca 
ggcgaatat gttaggaag tcgcaagca attggaggc 
gatttttcg acgatttag acatttgtt tagttgact 
gtgattgta aagggtgat tatacgttt tttgtatgt 
tcctatagc gagataatc tcacggtta catgacaag 
gctgaggcg agttgagca aaattgtat ttatttttt 
attgagatt ttaaatgcc aaaatgtac tgccatatg 
tgtgaaaga caagtatga aataaaaat tttatgttt 
ac

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY