Status
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Gene information
General information
TC016198 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007425.3: 4564154..4566408
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC016198
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
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    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
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    Name
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    Email
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_02555

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 30.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 larval musculature pattern irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    head sometimes partiallyremaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    posterior terminus sometimes remaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    larva dorsal not closed - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    larva appendages shortened - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    Comment: thoracic legs seem to be more affected than head appendages
    larva appendages irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    head shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    head capsule size decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    abdomen segment number decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%

    abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC016198 RA
      MSENNADFL NNYWKTVNS GTGNPSASV QRKCMAQIY 
NHSLPTLDT ATICHVLEK RLHKYSDLV DNDNKNSDR 
IKKVIQQPV NLQSNLSNV DFKSLLKPV LGPKSDNLP 
DFDNFKAAF HKKPQKPSF ENRKIIKPF APQQLSRTC 
SEELPKTTS FKTASNEFQ LQNAKKWGT GAQKPRLGL 
SRNVNSKFV PPLRSHQPP EEPKPEQID DRLKNIDPK 
MVELIKSEI MDVGAKVEW GDIAGLEFA KTAIQEAVV 
WPMLRPDIF TGLRRPPKG ILLFGPPGT GKTLIGKCV 
AAQSKSTFF SISASSLTS KWIGDGEKM VRALFAVAR 
CHQPAVIFI DEIDSLLCQ RNETEHESS RRIKTEFLV 
QLDGATTDS EERLLVIGA TNRPQELDE AARRRFVKR 
LYIPLPEYE ARLQLVTGL IANERHDLD SDDLAKVAQ 
LSEGYSGAD IRSLCSEAS LGPIRSIDM SMIAKIQAH 
EVRPLTMDD FHKAFTRVR SSVSPKDLE QYVIWDKTY 
GSGL
    CDS sequence
    • >TC016198 RA
      atgagtgaa aataatgcc gatttttta aacaattat 
tggaaaaca gttaacagt ggaacgggg aatccaagt 
gcgtcagtt caaagaaaa tgtatggcg caaatttac 
aaccattca ttaccgaca ttggataca gcaactatt 
tgtcacgta ttggaaaaa cgtttgcac aaatatagt 
gaccttgtc gataacgac aataaaaat agtgatcga 
attaagaaa gtaatacaa caaccggtt aatctgcaa 
agtaattta tcaaatgtt gactttaag tcattacta 
aaaccagta cttggccct aaatcggac aacctcccc 
gattttgac aatttcaaa gcggctttt cacaaaaag 
ccccaaaaa ccgagcttc gaaaaccga aaaatcatc 
aaacccttc gccccccaa caactctcg cgcacatgt 
tcggaagaa ctgccaaaa accacgtcc tttaagacg 
gccagtaac gaattccag ctccaaaac gccaaaaaa 
tggggcacc ggggcccaa aaacccagg ctaggactt 
agccgtaac gtcaatagc aaattcgtg cccccttta 
cgatcacat caacccccc gaagagccc aaacccgaa 
caaatcgac gaccgtttg aaaaacatc gacccgaaa 
atggtcgaa ctgatcaaa tccgaaatc atggacgtg 
ggggccaaa gtggaatgg ggcgacatc gcaggcctg 
gaattcgcc aaaaccgcc atccaagag gccgtggtg 
tggcccatg ctgcggccc gatattttc acggggctg 
aggcgcccc ccgaagggc atcctcctg ttcgggccg 
cccggcact ggaaagaca ctgatcggg aaatgtgtg 
gcggcgcaa agcaagtcg acttttttc agcatcagt 
gcctcctct ctgacttcg aaatggatc ggtgatggg 
gagaaaatg gtgagggcg ctgtttgcg gtcgccagg 
tgccaccaa cccgctgtt atttttatc gatgagatt 
gattcgttg ttgtgccaa cgcaatgaa actgaacat 
gagagttca cggagaatt aaaaccgag tttttggtg 
cagttagat ggcgccact acggatagt gaggaacgg 
ttgttggtg attggggcc accaatcgc ccccaggag 
ctggacgag gcggcgagg aggaggttt gtgaagagg 
ctgtacata cccttgccc gaatatgag gctcgttta 
cagttggtg actggatta attgcgaat gaaagacac 
gatttggat agtgatgac cttgcaaaa gtggcccaa 
ttatcagag gggtactca ggggctgat ataagaagt 
ttgtgctcc gaggcgtcc ctggggccc attaggtcg 
atcgacatg agtatgatt gcgaaaatt caagcgcat 
gaggtacgg ccgttgaca atggacgat ttccacaaa 
gctttcacc agagttagg tcgagtgtt tcccctaag 
gatttggaa caatacgtt atttgggat aaaacttat 
ggctcagga ttataa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC016198 RA
      cctaaccaa gaattttga aagtgtttg aggttaggt 
ttgcaaatt ttccaaaaa tgagtgaaa ataatgccg 
attttttaa acaattatt ggaaaacag ttaacagtg 
gaacgggga atccaagtg cgtcagttc aaagaaaat 
gtatggcgc aaatttaca accattcat taccgacat 
tggatacag caactattt gtcacgtat tggaaaaac 
gtttgcaca aatatagtg accttgtcg ataacgaca 
ataaaaata gtgatcgaa ttaagaaag taatacaac 
aaccggtta atctgcaaa gtaatttat caaatgttg 
actttaagt cattactaa aaccagtac ttggcccta 
aatcggaca acctccccg attttgaca atttcaaag 
cggcttttc acaaaaagc cccaaaaac cgagcttcg 
aaaaccgaa aaatcatca aacccttcg ccccccaac 
aactctcgc gcacatgtt cggaagaac tgccaaaaa 
ccacgtcct ttaagacgg ccagtaacg aattccagc 
tccaaaacg ccaaaaaat ggggcaccg gggcccaaa 
aacccaggc taggactta gccgtaacg tcaatagca 
aattcgtgc cccctttac gatcacatc aaccccccg 
aagagccca aacccgaac aaatcgacg accgtttga 
aaaacatcg acccgaaaa tggtcgaac tgatcaaat 
ccgaaatca tggacgtgg gggccaaag tggaatggg 
gcgacatcg caggcctgg aattcgcca aaaccgcca 
tccaagagg ccgtggtgt ggcccatgc tgcggcccg 
atattttca cggggctga ggcgccccc cgaagggca 
tcctcctgt tcgggccgc ccggcactg gaaagacac 
tgatcggga aatgtgtgg cggcgcaaa gcaagtcga 
cttttttca gcatcagtg cctcctctc tgacttcga 
aatggatcg gtgatgggg agaaaatgg tgagggcgc 
tgtttgcgg tcgccaggt gccaccaac ccgctgtta 
tttttatcg atgagattg attcgttgt tgtgccaac 
gcaatgaaa ctgaacatg agagttcac ggagaatta 
aaaccgagt ttttggtgc agttagatg gcgccacta 
cggatagtg aggaacggt tgttggtga ttggggcca 
ccaatcgcc cccaggagc tggacgagg cggcgagga 
ggaggtttg tgaagaggc tgtacatac ccttgcccg 
aatatgagg ctcgtttac agttggtga ctggattaa 
ttgcgaatg aaagacacg atttggata gtgatgacc 
ttgcaaaag tggcccaat tatcagagg ggtactcag 
gggctgata taagaagtt tgtgctccg aggcgtccc 
tggggccca ttaggtcga tcgacatga gtatgattg 
cgaaaattc aagcgcatg aggtacggc cgttgacaa 
tggacgatt tccacaaag ctttcacca gagttaggt 
cgagtgttt cccctaagg atttggaac aatacgtta 
tttgggata aaacttatg gctcaggat tataaagtg 
aaggatgta attatgtga tttaataaa gtaatc

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY