Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.
Usually 10 injected animals
Terms used in the pupal injection procedure
- larval pantagmatic defects
- At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
- empty eggs
- Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
- strong defects
- L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
- strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
- No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
- cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
- Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
- cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
- At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
- number of eggs on slide
- affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed. - total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
- Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
- inside-out
- The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
- starved
- Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
- eclosion not fulfilled
- The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
egg chamber segmentation/division irregular -
Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4
vitellogenic egg chamber late number increased -
Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3
| Comment: Contact between mid stage egg chambers is potentially to large. Maybe due to missing stalk cells? |
number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20
embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence -
Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
larval musculature irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
| about 20 |
embryo/egg not developed/not fertilized - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
larval musculature irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
larva partially dorsalnot closed - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
larva appendages shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
larva appendages shortened - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
head shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
| about 25 |
larva partially dorsalnot closed - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
larva appendages shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
larva appendages shortened - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
head shape irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
labrum size decreased -
Number of animals showing the phenotype: 9
head orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8
elytra blistered - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
elytra necrotic - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 10
wings shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
wings orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
legs tarsus shape irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
wings potentially blistered - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8
wings potentially shortened -
Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8
head orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8
elytra blistered - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
elytra necrotic - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 10
wings shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
wings orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
legs tarsus shape irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2
wings potentially blistered - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8
| Comment: animals are dead for too long to make definitive statements and wings are clotted with flour |
The data is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY)
