Status
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Gene information
General information
TC012481 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007424.3: 9079931..9086105
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC012481
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
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    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_01983

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 20.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    head appendages random partiallynot present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    thorax segment number decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen segment number decreased - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC012481 RA
      MFDHSIRVP RLYKTASKI AKEVSSGKG SIKQLVYEC 
KHPNIKALY ALIVHTFQK SAHIEKLIK KSKLLIKEP 
RFDPWLAKV LITELLWGK QRLSGQSKP VQTILAYEQ 
VLKAHLSDV SDDVEEVEQ VEKPRYVRV NTLKITVNE 
AIEGFREEG WVLKRYTDS ENYLGFLEA VSNLGSNEF 
MVDLHIPYL LIFPPKTEF YQHAAYKNG SIILQDKAS 
CLPVHILDP QPGTSILDM CAAPGMKTT QCAALIDNI 
GKIYAVEIG TKRFHTLEK IVESSGASC VEPINSDVL 
QLTAQQYPD IDYILVDPS CSGSGLTYR VETGQQAQD 
QHTERIERL AGFQIKILR HALSKFPKV KRVVYSTCS 
VYAEENEDV VRQVLETCN RFKLVPADQ FLGKKWYNF 
GSSEFGDLG KFCLYAKPD IDLTSGFFV AVFERLEDG 
ETNQFLNAQ LFEEKMRIV SLLNKGKTE NLQEEKQMV 
EETDQKRHI KEETEEVKD MNVKSETSD EGKKSKKKK 
KHKSAEVTD SLDIKKETG DGFVKKKKL DNKEEILKI 
KKEESEINK NVDIKTETK SKKKKNRDV DASENQNEA 
ESKLDIKGE LDEGRNGKK KKKKHKHSG ESLETKKEE 
SEPREDLNV ATETDDGEG SRKLKRKKK HRGVKTENC 
EEMKEVIIK RETNDDKAI TSKKKKKLK KPDDNVTIE 
NTCEEDIKI KTERGEKSR KKHKDVNKL DADGEFFDQ 
KKKKGDESM VKPEENSDE SVPKKKKKK KDRVDENRG 
GSDNNFFDA FD
    CDS sequence
    • >TC012481 RA
      atgtttgac cattcaatt agagtgccc cgattgtac 
aaaactgcc tcaaaaatc gcaaaggaa gtgagttcg 
ggtaaaggc agcatcaaa cagctcgtc tacgaatgt 
aaacatccc aatattaaa gctttgtac gcgttaatt 
gttcacacg tttcaaaag tctgcccat attgagaaa 
ttaatcaaa aaatcaaaa cttttaatc aaagagccg 
agatttgac ccctggttg gcgaaagtc ctaatcact 
gagttgttg tggggtaaa caacggctc tcagggcag 
tctaagccg gtccaaacg attttggcg tatgaacaa 
gttttgaaa gcgcacctg agcgatgtt tctgatgat 
gtggaggaa gtagagcaa gttgaaaaa ccgcgatac 
gtccgcgtg aatactctc aaaatcacc gtaaacgaa 
gctattgag ggctttcga gaagaaggt tgggtttta 
aaaagatac acagacagt gagaattac ttgggtttt 
ctggaagct gtgtcaaac ctaggctct aacgaattc 
atggttgat ttacacatt ccgtattta ctaattttc 
ccaccgaaa accgagttt taccaacat gctgcgtac 
aaaaacggc agtataatt ttacaagac aaggccagt 
tgtcttcct gtgcatatt ctcgatcct caacctggg 
acatcaatt ctggacatg tgcgcagca cctgggatg 
aaaaccact cagtgtgct gctcttatc gataatata 
gggaaaatc tatgccgtt gaaatcggc acaaagagg 
ttccacact ttggaaaaa attgtcgaa tcttcgggg 
gcttcgtgt gtggagccg attaactcc gatgtgtta 
caactaacc gcacaacag taccccgat attgactat 
attttagta gaccccagt tgttcaggc tcaggttta 
acctatcga gtcgaaacc ggacaacag gcccaagac 
caacacaca gagcgcata gagcggttg gctggtttc 
caaattaaa attctgaga catgcgttg tctaaattt 
cccaaagtt aaacgagtc gtgtattcg acttgttcc 
gtatatgca gaagaaaac gaagacgtc gtcaggcaa 
gtcttagag acttgcaat aggtttaaa ctggttcct 
gctgaccag tttttgggt aaaaaatgg tacaatttt 
ggttcgtcc gaatttggg gatttgggg aaattttgt 
ttatatgcc aaacccgac atagacctg actagtgga 
tttttcgtt gctgtgttt gaaagacta gaagatggc 
gaaactaat cagtttttg aatgcgcaa ttatttgaa 
gaaaaaatg cgcattgta agtttgctg aataaaggg 
aaaactgaa aatctgcaa gaggagaaa caaatggtt 
gaagaaact gaccaaaaa agacacata aaagaagag 
acggaagaa gtaaaagat atgaacgta aaaagtgaa 
actagtgat gaaggtaaa aaaagtaag aagaaaaag 
aaacataaa agtgctgaa gttaccgac agtctggac 
attaaaaaa gaaacgggt gatggtttt gttaaaaag 
aagaaactt gacaacaaa gaagaaatc ttaaaaatc 
aagaaagaa gaaagtgaa attaacaag aatgttgac 
attaaaacg gagacaaaa tctaaaaag aagaaaaat 
cgtgatgtt gatgcttcg gaaaatcag aatgaagct 
gaaagtaaa ctggatatt aaaggagaa ttagatgag 
ggtagaaat ggcaaaaag aagaagaag aaacataaa 
cacagtggt gaaagtttg gaaaccaag aaagaagaa 
tccgaacca agagaagat ctgaacgtg gccaccgaa 
acagacgat ggtgaaggg tctagaaag ttaaaaagg 
aagaaaaaa catagggga gttaagaca gaaaactgt 
gaagaaatg aaagaagtg atcataaaa agagaaaca 
aatgatgat aaagctata acgtcaaaa aagaagaag 
aaactgaaa aagccggac gataatgta actatagaa 
aatacctgt gaagaagat ataaaaatt aaaacagaa 
agaggtgaa aaaagtaga aaaaagcat aaagatgtt 
aacaagttg gacgctgat ggtgaattt tttgaccaa 
aagaagaag aagggagat gaatctatg gttaaaccc 
gaggaaaac agcgatgaa agtgtacca aaaaagaag 
aaaaagaag aaagacaga gttgatgaa aaccgggga 
ggaagtgac aataatttt tttgacgct tttgattaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC012481 RA
      tgcatttat tttactttt ctgttgtta actcggttt 
agttgcact ttttgcaat gtattttgt aacgaaaac 
gtttcaatt ttccaaatt gaccgtttg gtaactttc 
ggcccggtt ggcagcgcg taaaaacgt gacgtgggg 
ttgtattcc aagaaaagc tccaggaaa acgtttttc 
acaggtaaa aataatgtt tgaccattc aattagagt 
gccccgatt gtacaaaac tgcctcaaa aatcgcaaa 
ggaagtgag ttcgggtaa aggcagcat caaacagct 
cgtctacga atgtaaaca tcccaatat taaagcttt 
gtacgcgtt aattgttca cacgtttca aaagtctgc 
ccatattga gaaattaat caaaaaatc aaaactttt 
aatcaaaga gccgagatt tgacccctg gttggcgaa 
agtcctaat cactgagtt gttgtgggg taaacaacg 
gctctcagg gcagtctaa gccggtcca aacgatttt 
ggcgtatga acaagtttt gaaagcgca cctgagcga 
tgtttctga tgatgtgga ggaagtaga gcaagttga 
aaaaccgcg atacgtccg cgtgaatac tctcaaaat 
caccgtaaa cgaagctat tgagggctt tcgagaaga 
aggttgggt tttaaaaag atacacaga cagtgagaa 
ttacttggg ttttctgga agctgtgtc aaacctagg 
ctctaacga attcatggt tgatttaca cattccgta 
tttactaat tttcccacc gaaaaccga gttttacca 
acatgctgc gtacaaaaa cggcagtat aattttaca 
agacaaggc cagttgtct tcctgtgca tattctcga 
tcctcaacc tgggacatc aattctgga catgtgcgc 
agcacctgg gatgaaaac cactcagtg tgctgctct 
tatcgataa tatagggaa aatctatgc cgttgaaat 
cggcacaaa gaggttcca cactttgga aaaaattgt 
cgaatcttc gggggcttc gtgtgtgga gccgattaa 
ctccgatgt gttacaact aaccgcaca acagtaccc 
cgatattga ctatatttt agtagaccc cagttgttc 
aggctcagg tttaaccta tcgagtcga aaccggaca 
acaggccca agaccaaca cacagagcg catagagcg 
gttggctgg tttccaaat taaaattct gagacatgc 
gttgtctaa atttcccaa agttaaacg agtcgtgta 
ttcgacttg ttccgtata tgcagaaga aaacgaaga 
cgtcgtcag gcaagtctt agagacttg caataggtt 
taaactggt tcctgctga ccagttttt gggtaaaaa 
atggtacaa ttttggttc gtccgaatt tggggattt 
ggggaaatt ttgtttata tgccaaacc cgacataga 
cctgactag tggattttt cgttgctgt gtttgaaag 
actagaaga tggcgaaac taatcagtt tttgaatgc 
gcaattatt tgaagaaaa aatgcgcat tgtaagttt 
gctgaataa agggaaaac tgaaaatct gcaagagga 
gaaacaaat ggttgaaga aactgacca aaaaagaca 
cataaaaga agagacgga agaagtaaa agatatgaa 
cgtaaaaag tgaaactag tgatgaagg taaaaaaag 
taagaagaa aaagaaaca taaaagtgc tgaagttac 
cgacagtct ggacattaa aaaagaaac gggtgatgg 
ttttgttaa aaagaagaa acttgacaa caaagaaga 
aatcttaaa aatcaagaa agaagaaag tgaaattaa 
caagaatgt tgacattaa aacggagac aaaatctaa 
aaagaagaa aaatcgtga tgttgatgc ttcggaaaa 
tcagaatga agctgaaag taaactgga tattaaagg 
agaattaga tgagggtag aaatggcaa aaagaagaa 
gaagaaaca taaacacag tggtgaaag tttggaaac 
caagaaaga agaatccga accaagaga agatctgaa 
cgtggccac cgaaacaga cgatggtga agggtctag 
aaagttaaa aaggaagaa aaaacatag gggagttaa 
gacagaaaa ctgtgaaga aatgaaaga agtgatcat 
aaaaagaga aacaaatga tgataaagc tataacgtc 
aaaaaagaa gaagaaact gaaaaagcc ggacgataa 
tgtaactat agaaaatac ctgtgaaga agatataaa 
aattaaaac agaaagagg tgaaaaaag tagaaaaaa 
gcataaaga tgttaacaa gttggacgc tgatggtga 
attttttga ccaaaagaa gaagaaggg agatgaatc 
tatggttaa acccgagga aaacagcga tgaaagtgt 
accaaaaaa gaagaaaaa gaagaaaga cagagttga 
tgaaaaccg gggaggaag tgacaataa tttttttga 
cgcttttga ttaaacaat gttccactt tggaagaag 
tttgtgaat tagtttttt attattttg tttttgcta 
ataaaatgt tccattttg a

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY