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Gene information
General information
TC033576
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC009225,TC009224 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007422.5: 2952178..2956547
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC033576
    iBeetle screen iB_01505

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Fertility
    ovary size decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4
    vitellogenic egg chamber number decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4

    previtellogenic egg chamber mostlynot present - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4
    mature egg completenot present - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 40.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    larva lethality late (L7) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    antenna shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3
    antenna orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3

    wings shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3

    iBeetle screen iB_01506

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 10.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 40.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality early (L5/6) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC033576 RA
      MYEISEVED NEGSRPILV EFQNSKLQE GQENHLKTA 
IFRENRDTI VAAASKKLL YTGRVSGDQ DQDLHKRFL 
LISNRRTGK VRLVAVDSV ILSPQFPEK SRGSISEKN 
VNSVNKLHK AFGSKKIKR ITEQRERMK MNIDDVREQ 
LEQTVAGIE IDDSGPLIV ERAENDSAY RPPIHRDAE 
SREEVYILN EIVPLKILN SLEKETREI FDSDLDSTE 
LAPMVREKF AQMQNSSSP DVQKCELLL YLDYLIKFI 
SKPARSITK KFVICPTSQ QVNVHILDH FTVSSNTGR 
TRPVSMRDK TVCYILVIA MIAFDYEVD LEQLAKVIK 
IGVKKLQEM GRILAFSPH PKNKNAMTL KIPLPAAVT 
SSSGMRIPA TMGPLWWPA TRLEVLGVV GARGAQAEA 
LRVKPGAHW HVRVASSHS CESGHCEGR AVGSHDSPE 
KGVLGAKSG KIAACLPKA ELKSRMKKR HLGIVSDLL 
PQDCFTQGL DYFSEDVSK IGLPKCDKF SRPGICAKY 
FQTRYDKMV YRPSECAKD GKFGAKQCK GEYTTGRCF 
CFDAQGERL FGQQWQNQA ENMTCACSR KKADMGDSV 
YFNSLHCDA MGNYEPLQC DVISGQCWC ADAQTGDLT 
SPVVPLKAI SKLPCYDSA SVGSQYLRQ CESKLYAEK 
RILYELKLH GTIASFVDF LCDDDGSYG AYTYVEGAV 
YCTWRDNSK IGSWASDGN DEVDCNCAR DTKIFEEAG 
KSQSLKCEP NGNYKKLQK TGSKGYCVD IDGYRKSPS 
GDDVTDEAL CDGYYAYH
    CDS sequence
    • >TC033576 RA
      atgtacgaa atatccgag gttgaggac aacgagggc 
tcacgcccg attctcgtg gaatttcaa aatagcaaa 
cttcaggaa gggcaagaa aatcactta aaaaccgcg 
atttttagg gaaaatcgt gacacaatc gtcgcggcg 
gctagtaaa aagcttttg tacacggga cgggtcagt 
ggtgaccag gaccaggac ctccacaag cggtttttg 
ctgatttcg aatcggagg actggaaaa gtgcgtcta 
gtggcagtg gacagcgtg attctctca ccgcaattc 
cccgaaaag agtcggggg agcataagt gagaaaaat 
gtaaattcg gtgaataag ttgcacaaa gcgtttggg 
tccaaaaaa atcaaaaga atcaccgaa cagagggaa 
aggatgaaa atgaacatt gacgacgtt cgagagcaa 
ttagaacag acagttgcc ggaattgaa attgatgac 
agtgggcct ttgattgtc gaaagggcc gaaaatgac 
agtgcttac aggccccca attcaccga gacgccgaa 
agtcgggaa gaagtatac attttgaac gaaatcgtg 
cctttgaaa attttaaat tctttggaa aaagaaact 
agagaaatt tttgactcg gacttggat tctacagag 
ttggctcca atggttcgg gaaaagttc gcacaaatg 
caaaactcg tcctctcca gacgtacaa aagtgcgaa 
ctactttta tacctcgac tatttaata aaattcatc 
tcaaaaccg gccagaagt ataacgaaa aaattcgta 
atttgcccg acttcacaa caagtaaat gtccacatt 
ttggaccac tttacggtc tcttcaaat acgggaaga 
acccgtcca gtatcaatg agggacaaa acagtctgt 
tacattctc gttatcgca atgattgcg tttgactac 
gaagttgat ttagaacaa ctggccaaa gttataaaa 
atcggcgtg aaaaaactg caagaaatg ggccgtatt 
ctagcgttc agtccgcac ccaaaaaac aagaacgcc 
atgactctg aaaattccg ctcccagcc gccgtgacc 
tcatcatct ggaatgaga attccggcg acgatgggg 
ccgctgtgg tggcccgca acaaggctt gaggtgttg 
ggggtcgtg ggggccagg ggggcgcag gccgaggcg 
ttgcgcgtg aagccgggg gcgcactgg cacgtgcgc 
gtggcctcg tcgcacagt tgcgagtcg gggcattgc 
gaaggcagg gcggtgggg tcgcacgat tcgcctgaa 
aagggggtg ttgggggca aagtccgga aaaattgct 
gcttgttta cctaaagcc gagttgaag agcaggatg 
aagaagagg catctcgga atcgtgtcc gatttgcta 
ccgcaagac tgtttcacc caaggcctt gactatttt 
agtgaggat gtctcaaaa attggttta cccaagtgt 
gataaattt tcaagacca ggtatttgt gctaaatat 
tttcaaaca aggtacgac aaaatggtc tatagaccg 
agcgaatgt gccaaagat ggcaaattt ggggcgaaa 
caatgcaag ggggaatac acaactgga cgatgtttt 
tgctttgat gctcaaggg gagaggctt ttcggccaa 
cagtggcaa aatcaggcc gaaaatatg acgtgcgct 
tgtagccgc aaaaaagca gacatgggc gattccgta 
tatttcaat agtctacac tgtgacgca atgggcaat 
tatgagccc ctgcagtgt gacgtaatc agtgggcaa 
tgttggtgt gcggacgcg caaaccggg gatttaacc 
tcgccggtg gttcccctg aaagcaatt tcgaaattg 
ccgtgctac gattcggct tcggtgggc agccaatac 
ctccgccag tgcgaaagc aaactctat gccgaaaaa 
cgcatcctt tacgagcta aaattgcac ggaactatt 
gcaagtttt gttgatttt ttgtgcgat gatgacggc 
agttacggg gcttatact tacgtggag ggggcggtt 
tattgcact tggagggat aatagtaaa attgggtcg 
tgggcttct gatggcaac gacgaagtt gattgcaat 
tgtgcaaga gacacgaaa attttcgaa gaagcgggg 
aaatctcag tcgttgaag tgtgagcct aatggtaat 
tataaaaaa ttgcaaaag acgggctca aagggatat 
tgtgtggac attgatggg tacaggaag tcgccgtct 
ggtgacgat gtgacagac gaggcgctc tgtgatggt 
tattatgcc taccattaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC033576 RA
      agggacaag ttgacattt ttttgcacc gcctttaag 
gatttcatg tagttcccc cagttgtgg ttttttagt 
tgaatcgtt tcgcttaaa cacttcaaa attacgttg 
tttttgcat attttgaca ctaatcacg ccttcgttt 
gtcattttt ctcgaataa aaaaatcga acttgcgcg 
ctttcggtc gtgggaacg tggtgggaa cacgatgag 
gttatgtta aacagcgac acgattttt tttaatttt 
tgatttatt aattttaaa atgtacgaa atatccgag 
gttgaggac aacgagggc tcacgcccg attctcgtg 
gaatttcaa aatagcaaa cttcaggaa gggcaagaa 
aatcactta aaaaccgcg atttttagg gaaaatcgt 
gacacaatc gtcgcggcg gctagtaaa aagcttttg 
tacacggga cgggtcagt ggtgaccag gaccaggac 
ctccacaag cggtttttg ctgatttcg aatcggagg 
actggaaaa gtgcgtcta gtggcagtg gacagcgtg 
attctctca ccgcaattc cccgaaaag agtcggggg 
agcataagt gagaaaaat gtaaattcg gtgaataag 
ttgcacaaa gcgtttggg tccaaaaaa atcaaaaga 
atcaccgaa cagagggaa aggatgaaa atgaacatt 
gacgacgtt cgagagcaa ttagaacag acagttgcc 
ggaattgaa attgatgac agtgggcct ttgattgtc 
gaaagggcc gaaaatgac agtgcttac aggccccca 
attcaccga gacgccgaa agtcgggaa gaagtatac 
attttgaac gaaatcgtg cctttgaaa attttaaat 
tctttggaa aaagaaact agagaaatt tttgactcg 
gacttggat tctacagag ttggctcca atggttcgg 
gaaaagttc gcacaaatg caaaactcg tcctctcca 
gacgtacaa aagtgcgaa ctactttta tacctcgac 
tatttaata aaattcatc tcaaaaccg gccagaagt 
ataacgaaa aaattcgta atttgcccg acttcacaa 
caagtaaat gtccacatt ttggaccac tttacggtc 
tcttcaaat acgggaaga acccgtcca gtatcaatg 
agggacaaa acagtctgt tacattctc gttatcgca 
atgattgcg tttgactac gaagttgat ttagaacaa 
ctggccaaa gttataaaa atcggcgtg aaaaaactg 
caagaaatg ggccgtatt ctagcgttc agtccgcac 
ccaaaaaac aagaacgcc atgactctg aaaattccg 
ctcccagcc gccgtgacc tcatcatct ggaatgaga 
attccggcg acgatgggg ccgctgtgg tggcccgca 
acaaggctt gaggtgttg ggggtcgtg ggggccagg 
ggggcgcag gccgaggcg ttgcgcgtg aagccgggg 
gcgcactgg cacgtgcgc gtggcctcg tcgcacagt 
tgcgagtcg gggcattgc gaaggcagg gcggtgggg 
tcgcacgat tcgcctgaa aagggggtg ttgggggca 
aagtccgga aaaattgct gcttgttta cctaaagcc 
gagttgaag agcaggatg aagaagagg catctcgga 
atcgtgtcc gatttgcta ccgcaagac tgtttcacc 
caaggcctt gactatttt agtgaggat gtctcaaaa 
attggttta cccaagtgt gataaattt tcaagacca 
ggtatttgt gctaaatat tttcaaaca aggtacgac 
aaaatggtc tatagaccg agcgaatgt gccaaagat 
ggcaaattt ggggcgaaa caatgcaag ggggaatac 
acaactgga cgatgtttt tgctttgat gctcaaggg 
gagaggctt ttcggccaa cagtggcaa aatcaggcc 
gaaaatatg acgtgcgct tgtagccgc aaaaaagca 
gacatgggc gattccgta tatttcaat agtctacac 
tgtgacgca atgggcaat tatgagccc ctgcagtgt 
gacgtaatc agtgggcaa tgttggtgt gcggacgcg 
caaaccggg gatttaacc tcgccggtg gttcccctg 
aaagcaatt tcgaaattg ccgtgctac gattcggct 
tcggtgggc agccaatac ctccgccag tgcgaaagc 
aaactctat gccgaaaaa cgcatcctt tacgagcta 
aaattgcac ggaactatt gcaagtttt gttgatttt 
ttgtgcgat gatgacggc agttacggg gcttatact 
tacgtggag ggggcggtt tattgcact tggagggat 
aatagtaaa attgggtcg tgggcttct gatggcaac 
gacgaagtt gattgcaat tgtgcaaga gacacgaaa 
attttcgaa gaagcgggg aaatctcag tcgttgaag 
tgtgagcct aatggtaat tataaaaaa ttgcaaaag 
acgggctca aagggatat tgtgtggac attgatggg 
tacaggaag tcgccgtct ggtgacgat gtgacagac 
gaggcgctc tgtgatggt tattatgcc taccattaa 
taaaaacct tcaacaatt tgccaaaac tgttttatt 
tgcctcttt tcaaactta ataatttat gattatttt 
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    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY