Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031995
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC005005 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 607970..623697
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031995
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
    {{ blurIdResult }}
    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00795

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (not completely eclosed) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 6 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection


    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (41 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Adult morphology
    motility decreased - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    egg production: number no/almost no eggs -
    mature egg deposition blocked number 1st lateral oviduct: >5 number 2nd lateral oviduct: - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4
    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031995 RA
      MDINQVPVT IPMNHEAMW SYTSPPHIS LCTAPPGAP 
PHMHSCHMH NVYQAPHQL VPQQFPGCL PHQGYGGFP 
TPPSALSVS NQHYNQHLP PQRPDSLEL ELLNDHHSH 
THSALHGAP PLHVSPLQV TPPASLFLS AETRGNQLE 
LLHARSRQH RNPRLQPPR TRWHHNAPI ISAPAQYSG 
FLLHFLAMF SNPPMSPFS QTDLSSSDT TETENYEAL 
LNLAEQLGE AKPRGLGKL EIESLLSYK FNADTHQGD 
QTSCVVCMC DFEARQVLR VLPCSHEFH AKCIDKWLR 
SNRTCPICR GNASDYFNT SD
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031995 RA
      atggatatc aatcaggta cccgtaacg attccaatg 
aatcacgaa gccatgtgg agttacacc tcgccccca 
cacatatcg ctgtgtacg gcccctcca ggtgctcct 
ccacacatg cacagttgt catatgcac aatgtatac 
caagcgccc catcaactc gtaccccaa caattcccc 
ggttgtctt ccacatcag ggttatggg ggcttccct 
actccgcct agtgccctt tccgtctca aaccaacac 
tacaaccaa catctcccg cctcagaga cctgatagt 
ctcgaactg gagctcctc aacgatcat cattcacac 
acacattca gccctgcat ggtgcgccc ccattacat 
gtgtctcca cttcaagtc acaccacct gcatcttta 
ttcttatcg gctgagacg agaggcaat caattggag 
ttgctacat gcgaggtcg agacagcac agaaatccg 
cgtttgcaa ccaccgagg acgcgttgg catcataat 
gcacccatt atttcggcg cccgctcag tattcaggc 
ttcctactt catttcctt gcaatgttt tcgaacccg 
ccaatgtct ccattcagc caaaccgat ctcagtagt 
tccgacaca acagaaacg gagaattac gaagctctt 
ctaaatttg gctgaacaa ttaggcgaa gcgaaacct 
cgaggttta ggaaaatta gaaattgag tcgcttctc 
agttacaaa tttaatgcc gatactcat caaggggat 
cagacttca tgtgtggtg tgcatgtgc gattttgaa 
gccagacaa gtgctcaga gtcttgcct tgctcacac 
gaattccat gccaaatgt atcgataag tggctcaga 
tcaaacagg acctgtcct atatgccgt gggaacgct 
tcggactat ttcaacacc agtgattag
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031995 RA
      tagttttgc ccaacgctg tatgtatta ttttgtgat 
acatttcat ctaagagaa ctaaaaaag acacaagaa 
attgataag gagtgacat gtttcgaga taaataagc 
agaatcttt tttaagtag ttgataatg cgtttcata 
aacaaattg acagctttt actatttat aatactaac 
tttatttgt ttacttcag gtctttttg gaacaagag 
ttactatgt tttgttttt tttttcaag ttaagcaaa 
ctgtttgta taataaaat tacgttaac tgatttttc 
ttttttatt tttataata acaaactta aatttttaa 
tgagttttg cttttttga gcattatgt acgtttttg 
accgttttt gtccttttt ctttttgtg aaattttga 
aaaatcgct aaatttggt ggtaatact tatataatt 
tttatttca agcttgaga agataacct gtggagaac 
ttgtaataa aacaacgat tgttatgca acgttttgt 
ctattattt ataacacat acatcatca ggcacttgg 
taacaatac atttgtatg aaatttaaa tgtgaataa 
caatgtcat taacattat gtggatcga aatttagaa 
aaagagcat gttaaacat cactcagat aatttttaa 
ttatttttt atttcaatt gttttagca cgtttttct 
gccaatcaa ttttgctaa accattcca aaacttagc 
taaattaag taaaagatg ttgggaggt tttagtatg 
gttgtaaat aattttacc aaaaataag taaagtaaa 
agtaacttt tatctttga aaatattac tttatgcat 
aattgttaa aattttaat tgtctctgc tgctttttg 
gttgttgaa gtttttgtt ttaatttaa ttatattta 
atttaataa gaagttgca tcttaaaat gaggaaaat 
agaaatgaa tttatcttc gaaatgttt taatatttt 
ataaaattc ttacaaaat atttataaa ttaagtaaa 
atattgaat cgaatcagt ttcaagtat attgtcaaa 
aattgcatt ttaaaagtt ttaattttt tgattatga 
tctctaaac agaaatttg ttcttagaa ctctaaaac 
accatggat tttatatca tggttacat ggagtcata 
aaaattttt gtgaattca ctttttacc tctttccaa 
atcgcagat atttttata ataggcaat actaattgt 
ttgtggtgt tataatatt ttctttaca caaatttgt 
ttatttttg taaaaacaa tttatttga ctacgtctt 
taccctggc acccccaaa catcatcag aaataaaag 
gagcagact agcattaca aaaagatgt ggacatgga 
gtaagtcaa ggcaaagca atttaactc aacttaccg 
tttgaaact ttgaaactt acagggtgc caaagttta 
gaaattatt ttgattttc ctataatta cttcgtaac 
tgagtacat agagaaagt tcctattct ataaaaatc 
gaatgaaaa atcaaatac agaaattta ataatcgtc 
caatagttc tttaacaaa ataaaaatg actttttgt 
attgtacac aacacgggc gtcttgctt tacagaacg 
tttcctttt aactcgctg atacaattt aatttacct 
aaatttatt tgtttaaac attcagtgc ttgttaatt 
atttcactg ttttaatat gtctgttaa tattattgt 
gccatcagc attgaaaat gaagctgga agagtttcg 
aaaacgtgt tttgcaata aaaattaag aaacctttg 
tattaactg ttagccatt acctaaaaa tcatactct 
gttgttttt gtaatttga atcaataaa tatctatca 
tctgtacct gagagcgaa aacagtttt atccaaaat 
gctcaattt tcaggatta atttaaagc aaaaattat 
catttacct agtaaacaa tgtcacaat tttactaaa 
catttgtgg acggttatt ttgttatgg aatttttga 
gatatttgt tttcattcg atttataat caataaaaa 
gtactaaag ggagttgat acttaacac cctacacat 
ataaagata gattttttt acgtatcca aaaagccaa 
aataaatta gtctcatcc aagtgataa attactgtt 
taatgcgtg aaatagatt ttttaaaca atttaaatg 
taattattt atcaaaaag aaggttagt cgtttttcg 
gaagatctt cagtatttg aacgtaagg aagatttct 
gcaataatc cttacattc ccctggttt aagctgtgg 
catatcgta ttttgctgt tctgatgga tttgcattc 
atttctagt tgaaattta aagtctttt ttggttttt 
ttggcacat ttaacattt tctgtgaaa tttttaact 
aaaaaattt tttataggg gagtccccc gttacgtcg 
tcccagata ccgtgatag gaatgactt catacacgc 
acatcatca aacgttttt acccagtcc tccacccgt 
tgctcacgc ccatcccca tcagtctac tgtaatgat 
ggatatcaa tcaggtacc cgtaacgat tccaatgaa 
tcacgaagc catgtggag ttacacctc gcccccaca 
catatcgct gtgtacggc ccctccagg tgctcctcc 
acacatgca cagttgtca tatgcacaa tgtatacca 
agcgcccca tcaactcgt accccaaca attccccgg 
ttgtcttcc acatcaggg ttatggggg cttccctac 
tccgcctag tgccctttc cgtctcaaa ccaacacta 
caaccaaca tctcccgcc tcagagacc tgatagtct 
cgaactgga gctcctcaa cgatcatca ttcacacac 
acattcagc cctgcatgg tgcgccccc attacatgt 
gtctccact tcaagtcac accacctgc atctttatt 
cttatcggc tgagacgag aggcaatca attggagtt 
gctacatgc gaggtcgag acagcacag aaatccgcg 
tttgcaacc accgaggac gcgttggca tcataatgc 
acccattat ttcggcgcc cgctcagta ttcaggctt 
cctacttca tttccttgc aatgttttc gaacccgcc 
aatgtctcc attcagcca aaccgatct cagtagttc 
cgacacaac agaaacgga gaattacga agctcttct 
aaatttggc tgaacaatt aggcgaagc gaaacctcg 
aggtttagg aaaattaga aattgagtc gcttctcag 
ttacaaatt taatgccga tactcatca aggggatca 
gacttcatg tgtggtgtg catgtgcga ttttgaagc 
cagacaagt gctcagagt cttgccttg ctcacacga 
attccatgc caaatgtat cgataagtg gctcagatc 
aaacaggac ctgtcctat atgccgtgg gaacgcttc 
ggactattt caacaccag tgattagaa tttcgaaaa 
aagtcccaa cggaaacaa tagcctccc ttttaaatt 
ttttttcag aattgaaag ttttgttgt caggtgcca 
ttagtttgc cagtaatag atttataat atcactaat 
gaacaaaaa tatatatgt gttaacact tcctatttt 
acttatctc gtagatatc gtaagcttg aaattgtta 
gcaattatt gtcagtaag atttaggtg agccacatt 
ttgttttat tattagtgt ctgtattca tgtgtcaat 
gtcgtacac ctaattctt cattgtaac tacctctaa 
tacaacaga gtcgtcaaa tttgcgcaa tcaactctg 
tatatacat accttttga tttttattt gtttgtttg 
tgtgagtgt acgtaccat gtactacat cttccatga 
taatgttgt tcgttgtgt aattttttg ttactaacg 
gttacataa ggcttatcg ttaaattaa ttttaaatg 
agtgtgcct ttttatgca ccgaggtgt taaattggc 
tctaggttt agttgtatt attttgctt atctaaaaa 
aattaaaaa aaaatgtta caattctcc gatgtcttg 
cacacacat gctttaact acactatac gtaaaattt 
catttgtac ttattactt tctctcgat aatattgca 
gtacaattc aacgctttt aatgtcatt ttcaccatt 
gttagacta aagtaaatt ttatcgggt ggtaattat 
tgtacagaa aataattta atgtaatag gtgtgcctt 
tatattgta caattcaac atctgccat tccgtttga 
tttgcaaat atttttaaa atatgatac aaaaaaata 
aaagaaaaa ttattcaaa tggtatgca ggactgcct 
caaaagtca aacggatta gataatacg tcttagagc 
tgaagaatt gttctgttt tattaattt ttaagtgta 
gctttatta ttttaagtt ttcgtcttc attaaacta 
gaattttag tttcgttct tcgttgtta aaaaatcct 
ttgtggcag ttagtatat ttacaacaa cattttgaa 
aatgccttt agttgttaa gcaccctca cttgatggc 
gtactgttg gagttttta acacattcc ctaaatagc 
tgaatatac gttgtcagt aactatact agtgaccca 
cgtataatt attgacaac gtatgtgtc catgattga 
tttaatttg cgttcgttg aaatggcta aaattgttt 
cgtattgtt taatttgct caatttaat atgttaagg 
gatggaata gtttgtctc gtagccatt ttatagatt 
gaagaaaaa gaaatgatt tttgttgtt tggatgtgt 
aatgttttt gttgcaatt gcgtgaaat actcagtag 
agggtgccg ttgttgttc agtatacac atatctcag 
acacaagtg caatatgaa aatcatttt agcattttt 
tcaaacatg aactagcaa tattaatag tctaaggca 
ttcacattt agcaattac tgcataatc aaactatag 
aattgtatt tttgtgaac gtgaatacc taagtgata 
cttttgctt ttagtggat tttaatatt tatgtattc 
ataggagct tatagtggc tactatact agttcttat 
ttcaataaa atattcaaa agatt

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY