Status
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Gene information
General information
TC032021
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC004927,TC004926 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 4729528..4736476
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC032021
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00784

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 60.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult nutritional state - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 60.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality early (L5/6) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    pupal molt not fulfilled (died as prepupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 5 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection


    larva lethality late (L7) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    wings orientation irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC032021 RA
      MSFYILNNS RKICHHRTI IYKNWASNF TNQGLRKPP 
NFISARNFS RKERTSDRF EWKGILTRF VPVGICLIA 
VMQWRSYRK KSSERLANK WEIDCYCML PLRTVSRWW 
GWLADKEIP EFLRPVVYG LYANTFGVK LSEALHEDL 
RSYPSLADF FARPLKSGI RQVDHESDL VSPCDGTVL 
HFGTVHTGE IEQVKGVTY SLEKFLGEN TWNNNNNVK 
DYRTSLLHN AHTLYQCVI YLAPGDYHR FHSAANWKP 
THRRHFHGE LLSVSPRIA KWVPGLFCL NERAVYLGS 
WDHGFFSYT AVGATNVGT VKVYCDKTL HTNHPKKSD 
RCKDLCLGN GTYFKKGDP FGEFRMGST IVLVFEAPV 
NFQFTILPG DRVQMGQGL GRVGQHKFI MNLKQVLLL 
KNDFLTVFG LLAFVIKAE SGPNNLHVH DGATTAEII 
AGDIFFEIV DPLELEYTY RIRPAKDFG APFNESFYI 
KHVPLVPIQ PKFGCTPPE NIEDIEGNV ALIERGECS 
FKMKAKIAE KAGAQAVII TDVSKPTEE YFIEMIDDD 
SSDEVHIPA AFLMGKNGI MITKTLERL KRSYAIINL 
PVNLTFTPV HEMNQPPWL GW
    CDS sequence
    • >TC032021 RA
      atgtctttt tacatatta aataattcc cgcaaaata 
tgtcaccac cggaccatc atctacaaa aactgggcc 
tcaaatttt acaaatcag ggtttacga aaaccccct 
aattttatc tctgccaga aacttttca cgcaaggaa 
cgaacttct gatcggttt gaatggaag ggaattttg 
actagattc gttccagta ggaatatgt cttattgct 
gtgatgcaa tggcgttct taccggaaa aaatcgtca 
gaacgcttg gccaacaaa tgggaaatt gactgttac 
tgtatgttg ccgttgagg acggtttcg cggtggtgg 
ggctggctt gcagacaaa gaaataccg gagttttta 
cgacctgta gtctatggt ttgtatgct aacactttc 
ggcgttaaa ttgtcggaa gctttacat gaggattta 
aggtcttat ccaagtcta gcggacttc tttgcgagg 
cctttgaaa agcggaatt cggcaagtt gaccacgag 
agtgactta gtttcacct tgtgacggc actgtgctg 
catttcggc acggtccac actggcgag atcgaacaa 
gtgaaaggt gtaacctac tcgcttgaa aaattcctg 
ggtgaaaac acttggaat aataacaac aacgttaaa 
gattacaga acgtcgctg cttcacaac gcccacaca 
ctgtaccag tgtgttatt tatttggcc ccgggggac 
taccacagg ttccattcg gctgcaaat tggaagcca 
acccaccgg cgccatttc cacggagaa ctcctgtcg 
gtgagtccc cggatcgcc aaatgggtt cctgggttg 
ttctgtctg aacgaacgc gcagtgtat ttgggttca 
tgggaccac gggtttttc tcatacacc gcagttggt 
gccacaaat gtggggaca gtgaaagtc tactgcgac 
aaaaccctc cacacaaat cacccgaaa aaatcagat 
cgttgcaaa gatctgtgt ttgggtaat gggacgtat 
tttaagaaa ggggatccg tttggggag tttcgaatg 
ggttctact atcgtctta gtgtttgaa gcacccgtt 
aattttcaa ttcacgatc ttaccgggt gatagagta 
caaatgggt caaggctta ggtcgagtt gggcaacat 
aaatttatt atgaacctc aagcaagtc ttgttgcta 
aaaaacgat tttttaaca gtgttcggt ttgctggct 
tttgttata aaggcggaa agtggtcca aataattta 
cacgttcat gacggtgcc acaacggct gaaataata 
gctggtgat atatttttt gaaatagtt gacccctta 
gagctagaa tatacgtac aggataagg cctgccaaa 
gattttgga gcacctttt aacgaatcg ttttatatt 
aaacatgtc ccgcttgtg cctattcaa ccaaagttt 
ggttgtaca ccccctgag aacatcgag gatattgaa 
gggaacgtt gctttaatt gagagaggg gaatgttcg 
ttcaaaatg aaggcaaaa attgcggaa aaagccggt 
gctcaagcc gtaattata acagatgtg tccaagccg 
actgaagaa tactttatt gagatgatt gatgatgac 
tcatctgat gaagttcac atacctgcg gcttttctc 
atgggcaaa aacggtatt atgatcaca aaaacgctg 
gaaaggtta aaaagatcg tatgcaata atcaattta 
cctgtaaat ttaaccttc acaccagta catgaaatg 
aatcaacca ccgtggtta ggatggtaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC032021 RA
      tgcgcaaat gaccctatg tcaaaaaag tcaaacgta 
taacctcac ttttggtcc aatgaaaat gtgtctatt 
ggtttaatt tgtgttttc aatttacaa gaaaataca 
tccataatg tctttttac atattaaat aattcccgc 
aaaatatgt caccaccgg accatcatc tacaaaaac 
tgggcctca aattttaca aatcagggt ttacgaaaa 
ccccctaat tttatctct gccagaaac ttttcacgc 
aaggaacga acttctgat cggtttgaa tggaaggga 
attttgact agattcgtt ccagtagga atatgtctt 
attgctgtg atgcaatgg cgttcttac cggaaaaaa 
tcgtcagaa cgcttggcc aacaaatgg gaaattgac 
tgttactgt atgttgccg ttgaggacg gtttcgcgg 
tggtggggc tggcttgca gacaaagaa ataccggag 
tttttacga cctgtagtc tatggtttg tatgctaac 
actttcggc gttaaattg tcggaagct ttacatgag 
gatttaagg tcttatcca agtctagcg gacttcttt 
gcgaggcct ttgaaaagc ggaattcgg caagttgac 
cacgagagt gacttagtt tcaccttgt gacggcact 
gtgctgcat ttcggcacg gtccacact ggcgagatc 
gaacaagtg aaaggtgta acctactcg cttgaaaaa 
ttcctgggt gaaaacact tggaataat aacaacaac 
gttaaagat tacagaacg tcgctgctt cacaacgcc 
cacacactg taccagtgt gttatttat ttggccccg 
ggggactac cacaggttc cattcggct gcaaattgg 
aagccaacc caccggcgc catttccac ggagaactc 
ctgtcggtg agtccccgg atcgccaaa tgggttcct 
gggttgttc tgtctgaac gaacgcgca gtgtatttg 
ggttcatgg gaccacggg tttttctca tacaccgca 
gttggtgcc acaaatgtg gggacagtg aaagtctac 
tgcgacaaa accctccac acaaatcac ccgaaaaaa 
tcagatcgt tgcaaagat ctgtgtttg ggtaatggg 
acgtatttt aagaaaggg gatccgttt ggggagttt 
cgaatgggt tctactatc gtcttagtg tttgaagca 
cccgttaat tttcaattc acgatctta ccgggtgat 
agagtacaa atgggtcaa ggcttaggt cgagttggg 
caacataaa tttattatg aacctcaag caagtcttg 
ttgctaaaa aacgatttt ttaacagtg ttcggtttg 
ctggctttt gttataaag gcggaaagt ggtccaaat 
aatttacac gttcatgac ggtgccaca acggctgaa 
ataatagct ggtgatata ttttttgaa atagttgac 
cccttagag ctagaatat acgtacagg ataaggcct 
gccaaagat tttggagca ccttttaac gaatcgttt 
tatattaaa catgtcccg cttgtgcct attcaacca 
aagtttggt tgtacaccc cctgagaac atcgaggat 
attgaaggg aacgttgct ttaattgag agaggggaa 
tgttcgttc aaaatgaag gcaaaaatt gcggaaaaa 
gccggtgct caagccgta attataaca gatgtgtcc 
aagccgact gaagaatac tttattgag atgattgat 
gatgactca tctgatgaa gttcacata cctgcggct 
tttctcatg ggcaaaaac ggtattatg atcacaaaa 
acgctggaa aggttaaaa agatcgtat gcaataatc 
aatttacct gtaaattta accttcaca ccagtacat 
gaaatgaat caaccaccg tggttagga tggtaatta 
gtgaatgaa acacaaatc agggtcaag ttcctcagt 
tgttaaccc cagttggac actgtactt atgtttatt 
tattgccaa acaagttat taactggtg tggggttgt 
attgtttaa atggccacg tctgtgcca tgtgtgaaa 
aattgctca cctctagtc aactgttag caataattt 
tttaagaat ttactgtct taattgttt gtacatatc 
acttgtatt tattgaata aattttaag gtgttct

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY