Status
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Gene information
General information
TC031036
Former TC numbers

If one gene is splitted or genes are merged, the original TC numbers are listed. One listed former TC number indicates the previous gene has be splitted, serveral former TC number represents a merged gene.

TC002822,TC002823 		Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 8868297..8878850
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC031036
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00449

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 70.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 20 embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, no fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 50% - 80%
    embryo/egg with embryonic tissue, no cuticle, but muscle fluorescence - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    remarks: muscle pattern potentially obscured by segmentation defect,
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    cuticle remnants with some identifiable segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax partially remaining - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    abdomen cuticle irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    affected eggs/embryos/larvae total percentage of affected eggs/embryos/larvae on slide - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    larva lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (41 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    egg production: number <50% of expected -
    tropharium shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3

    tropharium shape irregular - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3
    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC031036 RA
      MATGLVSLP IGIDLGTTY SCVGVFSNG TVNIIANDQ 
GNRTTPSFV AFTDVERLV GDPAKGQVA LNPENTVYD 
AKRLIGRKF NDPAVQHDM KLWPFQVIN DNGKPKIRV 
RYKGETKTF FPEEISSMV LGKMKETAE AYLGTHVTG 
AVITVPAYF NDSQRQATK DAGTIAGLN VLRIINEPT 
AAAIAYGLD KKGSTERNI LIFDFGGGT FDVSILNLA 
DGIFEVKST AGDTHLGGE DIDCRMVDF FTEEFKRKH 
KIDLKNNKR ALRRLQTAC ERAKRTLSS ATQASVEID 
SLANGVDFY TNISRAKFE ELNGDIFRR TLEPVEKAL 
RDAKIDKSK IDDIVLVGG STRIPKIQS LLQSLFQGK 
ELNKSINPD EAVAYGAAV QAAILSGDN SEAVRDILL 
LDVTPLSLG IETAGGVMA VLIQRNTTI PVKHSQIFS 
TFADNQPGV SIQVYEGER SMTRDNNLL GKFELMGIP 
PAPRGVPQI EVSFDIDAN GILNVSAVE NATGKTNQI 
TIRNDKGRL TKEQIEKMV TEAEKFKEQ DQQMKATVA 
SKNDLEAYV YQMKNLADD PTVASKLSP ADKTLLSNT 
CKEAVEWMG KNQSATEEQ NVRKKEEIE NKLKPIIMK 
LYAGPGQSS QRQFPSHDN NNRGNGPII DEVSEFMKL 
GNVSKKDAN VGLQVYLEL CEVRKYWDV VAKYNPEAQ 
LLYFTAKKS KSESDSIFV PRAASDGLS FNQMQSYFK 
LCDANDRSI YLGLVSADS TCVFYKLGE GLQMPADVS 
ANKHSTEKL EAEISKNRG VIAEAALCG IPVTLREST 
N
    CDS sequence
    • >TC031036 RA
      atggccacc ggactcgtt tctcttccc atcggcata 
gatctaggg acgacgtat tcatgtgtc ggtgttttc 
tcgaacgga actgttaat atcattgca aacgaccaa 
ggaaaccgt acgactcct agttttgtc gcttttacg 
gatgtggaa agacttgtc ggggatccg gcgaagggt 
caagtggcc ctgaacccc gaaaacacc gtctacgat 
gcgaaaaga ttaatagga cgaaaattc aacgacccg 
gccgtccag cacgacatg aaactgtgg cccttccaa 
gtgattaac gataacggg aagccgaaa attcgggtc 
cggtacaag ggcgaaacg aagactttc ttcccggaa 
gagatctcc tccatggtc cttggcaaa atgaaggag 
acggcggag gcctatctc ggaacgcat gtcacgggg 
gcggttatc accgtcccc gcgtacttc aacgactcc 
cagaggcag gccacaaag gatgccggg accatagcg 
ggcctgaat gtcctgagg atcatcaac gagcccacg 
gcggccgcc atcgcctac ggcctcgac aaaaagggt 
tctaccgaa cgaaatatt ttgatcttt gacttcggt 
ggaggcact tttgatgtc tcgattctc aacttggcc 
gacggaatt tttgaagtg aagtcgacc gctggcgac 
acccacttg ggtggtgaa gacatcgac tgtcgtatg 
gtcgatttc ttcactgaa gagtttaaa agaaagcac 
aaaattgat ttgaaaaac aacaaaagg gctttgaga 
cgtctccag accgcgtgc gagcgtgcc aaaagaacg 
ctatcctca gcaacacaa gccagcgtc gaaatcgac 
tcgttggcg aatggagtc gatttttac accaatata 
agtcgtgcg aaatttgaa gaactgaac ggcgatatt 
ttccggagg acgctagag ccggtggaa aaggcgctc 
cgggacgcc aaaatcgac aaaagcaag atcgacgac 
atcgtgctc gtcggcggc tcgacccga atcccgaag 
atccagtca ctcctccag agtctgttc caaggcaaa 
gaactcaac aaatcaatc aatccggac gaggccgtg 
gcgtatggg gcggccgtg caggcggcc atcctgtca 
ggagataat tcagaagcc gtccgtgat atcctcctc 
ctggacgtg actcctttg tcgttagga attgaaacg 
gccggaggc gtcatggcc gtgttaata cagagaaac 
accacaatt ccggtgaaa cattcacag atattttcc 
actttcgcc gacaaccag cccggagtc tcgatccag 
gtgtacgaa ggcgagcgc agtatgacg cgtgataac 
aacttatta gggaaattc gagctcatg gggataccg 
ccggctccg cgaggtgtc ccgcaaatc gaggtgtcg 
ttcgacatt gacgccaac ggtattctt aacgtatca 
gcggtcgaa aacgccacc ggtaaaacc aatcaaata 
accatcaga aacgacaaa gggcgactc acgaaagag 
caaattgag aaaatggtc accgaagcc gaaaaattc 
aaagaacaa gaccagcaa atgaaggcc acggtggcg 
agcaaaaat gacctggaa gcctatgtg taccagatg 
aagaatttg gcagacgac ccgactgtg gcgtcgaaa 
ctatcacca gctgataaa acactcctg agtaacaca 
tgcaaggag gcagttgag tggatgggc aaaaatcag 
agcgctacc gaagaacaa aacgtgcgt aagaaggaa 
gaaatcgaa aataagcta aaaccgatc attatgaaa 
ttgtacgcg gggcctgga caatcatcg caaaggcaa 
tttccatcc cacgacaac aataacagg ggaaatgga 
ccgataatt gacgaagtt tcagagttc atgaaactc 
ggaaatgtt agcaaaaaa gacgcaaat gtcggcctt 
caagtttat ctcgagctg tgtgaagtg aggaagtat 
tgggatgtc gtggcgaaa tataacccc gaggcgcag 
ttgctttac ttcactgca aagaaaagt aaatcggaa 
agtgactca attttcgtc cctagggcg gcaagtgac 
gggttgagt ttcaatcaa atgcaaagc tatttcaaa 
ctgtgtgat gctaacgat aggagcatt tatttagga 
ttagtcagc gctgactca acttgtgtt ttttacaag 
ttgggcgaa ggcctgcaa atgccggct gatgtaagc 
gccaacaaa cactcgacg gaaaaactg gaagcggaa 
ataagtaaa aatcggggc gtgatagcg gaagccgcc 
ctgtgtgga attcctgtc acgttaagg gaaagtacg 
aattaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC031036 RA
      caaattgca acttttgac tttgtcaca tttgtcaag 
tgtcagtcc ataatcaaa attcgccgt gttcacact 
tgtctaaat tgagtataa atggccacc ggactcgtt 
tctcttccc atcggcata gatctaggg acgacgtat 
tcatgtgtc ggtgttttc tcgaacgga actgttaat 
atcattgca aacgaccaa ggaaaccgt acgactcct 
agttttgtc gcttttacg gatgtggaa agacttgtc 
ggggatccg gcgaagggt caagtggcc ctgaacccc 
gaaaacacc gtctacgat gcgaaaaga ttaatagga 
cgaaaattc aacgacccg gccgtccag cacgacatg 
aaactgtgg cccttccaa gtgattaac gataacggg 
aagccgaaa attcgggtc cggtacaag ggcgaaacg 
aagactttc ttcccggaa gagatctcc tccatggtc 
cttggcaaa atgaaggag acggcggag gcctatctc 
ggaacgcat gtcacgggg gcggttatc accgtcccc 
gcgtacttc aacgactcc cagaggcag gccacaaag 
gatgccggg accatagcg ggcctgaat gtcctgagg 
atcatcaac gagcccacg gcggccgcc atcgcctac 
ggcctcgac aaaaagggt tctaccgaa cgaaatatt 
ttgatcttt gacttcggt ggaggcact tttgatgtc 
tcgattctc aacttggcc gacggaatt tttgaagtg 
aagtcgacc gctggcgac acccacttg ggtggtgaa 
gacatcgac tgtcgtatg gtcgatttc ttcactgaa 
gagtttaaa agaaagcac aaaattgat ttgaaaaac 
aacaaaagg gctttgaga cgtctccag accgcgtgc 
gagcgtgcc aaaagaacg ctatcctca gcaacacaa 
gccagcgtc gaaatcgac tcgttggcg aatggagtc 
gatttttac accaatata agtcgtgcg aaatttgaa 
gaactgaac ggcgatatt ttccggagg acgctagag 
ccggtggaa aaggcgctc cgggacgcc aaaatcgac 
aaaagcaag atcgacgac atcgtgctc gtcggcggc 
tcgacccga atcccgaag atccagtca ctcctccag 
agtctgttc caaggcaaa gaactcaac aaatcaatc 
aatccggac gaggccgtg gcgtatggg gcggccgtg 
caggcggcc atcctgtca ggagataat tcagaagcc 
gtccgtgat atcctcctc ctggacgtg actcctttg 
tcgttagga attgaaacg gccggaggc gtcatggcc 
gtgttaata cagagaaac accacaatt ccggtgaaa 
cattcacag atattttcc actttcgcc gacaaccag 
cccggagtc tcgatccag gtgtacgaa ggcgagcgc 
agtatgacg cgtgataac aacttatta gggaaattc 
gagctcatg gggataccg ccggctccg cgaggtgtc 
ccgcaaatc gaggtgtcg ttcgacatt gacgccaac 
ggtattctt aacgtatca gcggtcgaa aacgccacc 
ggtaaaacc aatcaaata accatcaga aacgacaaa 
gggcgactc acgaaagag caaattgag aaaatggtc 
accgaagcc gaaaaattc aaagaacaa gaccagcaa 
atgaaggcc acggtggcg agcaaaaat gacctggaa 
gcctatgtg taccagatg aagaatttg gcagacgac 
ccgactgtg gcgtcgaaa ctatcacca gctgataaa 
acactcctg agtaacaca tgcaaggag gcagttgag 
tggatgggc aaaaatcag agcgctacc gaagaacaa 
aacgtgcgt aagaaggaa gaaatcgaa aataagcta 
aaaccgatc attatgaaa ttgtacgcg gggcctgga 
caatcatcg caaaggcaa tttccatcc cacgacaac 
aataacagg ggaaatgga ccgataatt gacgaagtt 
tcagagttc atgaaactc ggaaatgtt agcaaaaaa 
gacgcaaat gtcggcctt caagtttat ctcgagctg 
tgtgaagtg aggaagtat tgggatgtc gtggcgaaa 
tataacccc gaggcgcag ttgctttac ttcactgca 
aagaaaagt aaatcggaa agtgactca attttcgtc 
cctagggcg gcaagtgac gggttgagt ttcaatcaa 
atgcaaagc tatttcaaa ctgtgtgat gctaacgat 
aggagcatt tatttagga ttagtcagc gctgactca 
acttgtgtt ttttacaag ttgggcgaa ggcctgcaa 
atgccggct gatgtaagc gccaacaaa cactcgacg 
gaaaaactg gaagcggaa ataagtaaa aatcggggc 
gtgatagcg gaagccgcc ctgtgtgga attcctgtc 
acgttaagg gaaagtacg aattaaatt atttagata 
aacacgact ttattcata acgttgtaa atatttagt 
gatgtaaag aatataaat aaaatatta tttactga

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY