Status
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Gene information
General information
TC000331 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 12998089..13001227
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC000331
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00074

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Fertility
    mature egg not present - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 62.5% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    adult lethality immediately after eclosion - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (22 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    antenna size shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2

    elytra size shortened - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4

    Adult morphology
    wings not closed - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (22 dpi)
    Days post injection

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC000331 RA
      MADWEEIKR LAADFQKVQ LSSTSQKLS ERNCIEIIN 
YLKEKKIID LIFTVDGKE FLTPSHLIQ DIKNELFVS 
GGRINLVEL AKNIGVDLA HITAHLKDV LKGQKDLHS 
ILGQLIDSS YITKIAGEI NEKLAQQGQ ISISDLTIQ 
YDLSAEFLQ QQVVEKHLG KIIHGKQDT NDPRVIFTE 
SFIARCKAK IRGALCGLT RPTPVASIL NQISLSEKL 
FFSLFDQTS MHGALTSRV VGAQYIPNV YARSQNEWV 
NNFYKQNDY LEYDALARL GISDYKSFI KKQLSSEDL 
VFLNSCAAS KRVLERAEA DIDECISSK SYLDLQSNL 
PSVFNDKDI RLILDTVLT KQKQQQTIV IENFILSKA 
FIENLSKNF DELVKEKAK AVVESGKYQ QYQTDIQIS 
SSKPQKFEE VDEKVDKRE ERRKKAAGG KSGGGTQGR 
ETKTKSTKK AKKHVEEEF ETVERRQQL QVVLSEDIA 
DLIQKELEE DGLDELSEP LTQYLLPQL NEKGLEIAG 
EIYAATIAD RTANRRQTH NELQNKLNA LIGDVRLFE 
KGLKLLPEE LQGQLVKYL LKTLCTDIT TEILNYVAA 
EQNLNTQTD NFTNEQRLK FVNELPPDL KKSLLPLIK 
SLSGQSIDE FMAAVEESL SVCSMIIKK IDKKKDRTI 
VLNHKHVLL EQLNKCDDL ALVLHLTTL IIFTTATQC 
MLHASGRHV AAILSFLKQ YLTDGQVAE LTSYHDFVT 
LMLSGGSEA ESAKEKLKE KIQTVKNIA NEFKKPGAE 
KS
    CDS sequence
    • >TC000331 RA
      atggcagat tgggaagaa atcaagcgt ttggcggcg 
gattttcaa aaagtgcaa ctgagttcc acgtcacaa 
aaactgtct gagcgcaac tgcatagaa ataatcaac 
tacttgaaa gaaaagaaa ataatcgat ttaattttc 
accgtcgac ggtaaagaa ttcctgacc ccttcccac 
ctcatccaa gacatcaaa aacgagctg ttcgtcagc 
ggcggccgc ataaatcta gtcgaacta gcaaaaaac 
atcggcgtt gacttggcc cacataaca gcccacctt 
aaagacgtc ctcaagggc caaaaggac ctccactcc 
atcctaggc caactgatc gactcctcg tacatcact 
aaaatcgca ggcgaaatt aacgagaag ctcgcacaa 
caaggccaa atcagcatc agtgatcta acaattcag 
tatgacctc agtgccgaa tttctccaa cagcaagtt 
gtggagaaa catttgggc aaaatcatt cacggcaaa 
caggacacc aacgacccc agagtcatt ttcaccgaa 
tcgttcatc gccagatgc aaagccaag atcaggggg 
gctctgtgt ggcttgacc agacctacg ccggttgcc 
tcaatcctg aaccaaatt agtttgagc gaaaagctg 
tttttctcg ctttttgac cagacttcc atgcacggc 
gccctcacc agcagggtc gtgggggcc cagtacatc 
cccaacgtc tacgccagg tcacagaac gaatgggtc 
aacaacttt tataagcaa aacgattat ctggagtat 
gatgcgttg gcaaggctc ggaatctcg gattacaag 
tcgttcatc aaaaagcaa ctgtcgtct gaagacttg 
gtttttctc aattcttgc gctgcttcc aaacgtgtg 
ttagagcgg gcggaggct gatattgat gaatgtatc 
tctagcaag tcttatctc gacttacaa tcgaacctc 
ccgtccgtt tttaatgac aaagatatt agactaatc 
ctcgataca gttttgacg aaacaaaag caacaacaa 
actatagta atcgagaat tttattttg agcaaagct 
tttatcgaa aatttgtcg aaaaacttc gacgaactc 
gtaaaagag aaggctaaa gccgttgtg gagtctggt 
aaataccag cagtaccag accgatatt caaatttcg 
tcaagtaag ccgcagaag tttgaagaa gtggatgag 
aaggttgat aagagggaa gaaaggcgg aagaaggcg 
gctgggggt aaaagcggg ggtgggacg caggggcgc 
gagactaag accaagtct accaagaag gccaagaag 
cacgtggag gaggagttc gagacggtt gagcggaga 
caacagctg caggtcgtg ttgagtgag gatattgca 
gatttgatt cagaaggag ctggaagag gacggtttg 
gacgaatta agtgagcct ctaactcag tatttgttg 
ccacaattg aatgagaaa ggattggag attgcggga 
gaaatttac gcggcgact atcgccgac aggacggca 
aaccgcaga caaacgcat aacgagctc caaaataaa 
ttgaacgcg ctaatcgga gacgtgcga ctcttcgag 
aaaggtctg aaactgctg cccgaggaa ttgcaaggc 
cagttggtc aaatatctc ctcaagacg ctctgcacc 
gatattacc acggaaatc ttgaattac gtggccgct 
gaacaaaat ctcaacact caaactgat aatttcacc 
aatgagcag cgattaaag ttcgttaac gagttacca 
cccgacttg aaaaagtca cttttgccc ctcattaag 
tcgctaagc gggcaaagt atcgacgag ttcatggct 
gccgtggag gaaagtctc agcgtatgc agtatgatt 
atcaagaaa atcgataaa aagaaagac aggacgata 
gttttgaac cataagcat gttttgtta gaacagttg 
aataaatgc gacgatttg gcgcttgtt ttgcatttg 
acgacttta attattttc acgacggcc actcaatgc 
atgctccat gccagtggt agacacgtg gcagcgatt 
ttaagtttt ttgaaacaa tatttaacc gacggacaa 
gtcgccgaa ttgacgtcc tatcacgat tttgtcaca 
ttgatgcta agtgggggg agcgaagcc gaaagtgcg 
aaagaaaaa ctcaaagag aagatacaa acggtcaaa 
aatatcgcc aatgagttc aaaaaaccc ggcgctgag 
aagagttaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC000331 RA
      tatcggcaa aatatgcgt cacgtggta ctaattacg 
tcatatgtc aagttgtga tgtgacaac agtaagcaa 
attgttttg cttgttaaa ccatatggt ccagtatta 
aaattgtaa taattttac attaacaaa ccatatttc 
gtacaaatt catttcgcg ccgacctta cattgtatt 
aattgttga gtgtttcct tcaaaactg aaaaatcat 
cgtgaggat ggcagattg ggaagaaat caagcgttt 
ggcggcgga ttttcaaaa agtgcaact gagttccac 
gtcacaaaa actgtctga gcgcaactg catagaaat 
aatcaacta cttgaaaga aaagaaaat aatcgattt 
aattttcac cgtcgacgg taaagaatt cctgacccc 
ttcccacct catccaaga catcaaaaa cgagctgtt 
cgtcagcgg cggccgcat aaatctagt cgaactagc 
aaaaaacat cggcgttga cttggccca cataacagc 
ccaccttaa agacgtcct caagggcca aaaggacct 
ccactccat cctaggcca actgatcga ctcctcgta 
catcactaa aatcgcagg cgaaattaa cgagaagct 
cgcacaaca aggccaaat cagcatcag tgatctaac 
aattcagta tgacctcag tgccgaatt tctccaaca 
gcaagttgt ggagaaaca tttgggcaa aatcattca 
cggcaaaca ggacaccaa cgaccccag agtcatttt 
caccgaatc gttcatcgc cagatgcaa agccaagat 
caggggggc tctgtgtgg cttgaccag acctacgcc 
ggttgcctc aatcctgaa ccaaattag tttgagcga 
aaagctgtt tttctcgct ttttgacca gacttccat 
gcacggcgc cctcaccag cagggtcgt gggggccca 
gtacatccc caacgtcta cgccaggtc acagaacga 
atgggtcaa caactttta taagcaaaa cgattatct 
ggagtatga tgcgttggc aaggctcgg aatctcgga 
ttacaagtc gttcatcaa aaagcaact gtcgtctga 
agacttggt ttttctcaa ttcttgcgc tgcttccaa 
acgtgtgtt agagcgggc ggaggctga tattgatga 
atgtatctc tagcaagtc ttatctcga cttacaatc 
gaacctccc gtccgtttt taatgacaa agatattag 
actaatcct cgatacagt tttgacgaa acaaaagca 
acaacaaac tatagtaat cgagaattt tattttgag 
caaagcttt tatcgaaaa tttgtcgaa aaacttcga 
cgaactcgt aaaagagaa ggctaaagc cgttgtgga 
gtctggtaa ataccagca gtaccagac cgatattca 
aatttcgtc aagtaagcc gcagaagtt tgaagaagt 
ggatgagaa ggttgataa gagggaaga aaggcggaa 
gaaggcggc tgggggtaa aagcggggg tgggacgca 
ggggcgcga gactaagac caagtctac caagaaggc 
caagaagca cgtggagga ggagttcga gacggttga 
gcggagaca acagctgca ggtcgtgtt gagtgagga 
tattgcaga tttgattca gaaggagct ggaagagga 
cggtttgga cgaattaag tgagcctct aactcagta 
tttgttgcc acaattgaa tgagaaagg attggagat 
tgcgggaga aatttacgc ggcgactat cgccgacag 
gacggcaaa ccgcagaca aacgcataa cgagctcca 
aaataaatt gaacgcgct aatcggaga cgtgcgact 
cttcgagaa aggtctgaa actgctgcc cgaggaatt 
gcaaggcca gttggtcaa atatctcct caagacgct 
ctgcaccga tattaccac ggaaatctt gaattacgt 
ggccgctga acaaaatct caacactca aactgataa 
tttcaccaa tgagcagcg attaaagtt cgttaacga 
gttaccacc cgacttgaa aaagtcact tttgcccct 
cattaagtc gctaagcgg gcaaagtat cgacgagtt 
catggctgc cgtggagga aagtctcag cgtatgcag 
tatgattat caagaaaat cgataaaaa gaaagacag 
gacgatagt tttgaacca taagcatgt tttgttaga 
acagttgaa taaatgcga cgatttggc gcttgtttt 
gcatttgac gactttaat tattttcac gacggccac 
tcaatgcat gctccatgc cagtggtag acacgtggc 
agcgatttt aagtttttt gaaacaata tttaaccga 
cggacaagt cgccgaatt gacgtccta tcacgattt 
tgtcacatt gatgctaag tggggggag cgaagccga 
aagtgcgaa agaaaaact caaagagaa gatacaaac 
ggtcaaaaa tatcgccaa tgagttcaa aaaacccgg 
cgctgagaa gagttaatg cttgcgaaa acatgtaca 
taagttact tgtaatata tgcaaataa acgtttatt 
taaaat

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY