Status
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Gene information
General information
TC000162 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 15222580..15226009
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC000162
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00030

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 0.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     head bristle pattern irregular - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    head partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%

    head not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    thorax segment partially not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    thorax not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    abdomen partially not present # of remaining segments - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%

    abdomen not present - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): 30% - 50%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 0.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 20.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC000162 RA
      MGYKAAVQI LKQAEDLKT KVLKKSDLL SDSQAWTDQ 
QKLQNIYHQ ALVLDLEYA LDKKVEQDL WNIGFKNHI 
SVLQELTRD KKNVRRSEC QALLTWCLE AASGFYLTL 
LHELCNVYD IDLPFRRRG NVYGETNSN ELNLPQSSS 
CVYICQYCL VHLGDIARY RNQRKQAEN FYKQAILVS 
PTSGHPYNQ LALLEASQG DKLSTVFYY IRGIAVKNP 
FPASTTNLL STLSSSLDK ESPLEKIHS KITVTEFIQ 
IFLCTHALL HTATDLNQA EVGVKSLNT TMTALVATQ 
SFTREKLIK ITAINLYAL KHVTSTSLT DELTEDEKI 
VRQQILDLL AGSLSAFLI PVHTLKNDE SLLDYYALP 
AVKLLTYWI MNESEILNE VVFTNRLQI WPSLCKLLN 
NVQQYMKNF DYTKYANVP LFEDKLLQG FRPLIKNFK 
ELDFKAGVE DEKTDNLIR MQRLIDFGL FISKLDVNH 
TKLITTSTE SDLINFEPG CIQPDPTND LLEEMKSFH 
VTDISTIPN KKGFEKRGG ILKPQGSLE KSREERELL 
SSGEQSLMS DLSNSSASS SSSKKDISK NKRSKQNIA 
LQSIFKKLE ENKQVKFKV EEKEKLVTF DTKPSPFNP 
PLRTQSFNQ NHPAFPIPP PPPPSQPDY LNTLRNVTK 
PPQPNSFVF PPKTENPSM VPFQNNFNQ RVYQFPGGN 
PYKMEETNS PWWPNTSQN YQQRPDSFV NYPFSNNMP 
YVPDYNKTQ NNQAAGDMF NSPWNTFGR TNLLESNMN 
YENLSMRQT MLKEATPPS RPSHDNFMQ NPTTSPGYS 
LFNTNTWTP NLVGQLRNN KAQDNQVSH LPQHSLFTG 
QGPQSLAQL LEQQQSQKN DV
    CDS sequence
    • >TC000162 RA
      atgggttat aaagcagct gttcaaatt ctaaaacaa 
gccgaagac ttaaaaacc aaggtatta aaaaaaagc 
gatttatta tcggattcg caagcatgg acggaccaa 
cagaaattg caaaatatt taccatcaa gcattggta 
cttgatttg gaatacgct ctcgacaag aaagtggag 
caagacttg tggaacatt ggttttaag aatcacatc 
tcggtgtta caagagttg actcgcgat aaaaaaaac 
gtcagaaga tctgaatgt caggcactt ttaacttgg 
tgtttagaa gcggcttct gggttttat ttgacactt 
ttgcacgaa ttgtgcaac gtatatgac attgattta 
ccgttcaga agacgcgga aatgtttat ggggaaaca 
aattcaaat gaactcaat ttgcctcaa tcgtcctcc 
tgtgtgtac atttgccaa tactgcttg gtacatttg 
ggagatatt gcacgttat agaaaccaa agaaagcaa 
gctgaaaat ttttacaag caagcaatt ttagtttct 
ccaactagt ggtcatcct tacaatcag ttggctctt 
ttggaggca agtcaaggt gataaatta tcaactgtc 
ttttattac attaggggc attgctgtg aaaaatccc 
ttcccagca tccaccact aatctatta agcacttta 
agttcgtcg cttgataaa gaaagtcca ttagaaaaa 
attcacagt aaaataacg gtaaccgag tttattcaa 
atttttttg tgcactcac gccctcttg cacactgcc 
accgattta aaccaagct gaagtcggg gttaaaagt 
ttaaataca acaatgaca gctttagta gcgactcaa 
agttttaca agagagaaa ttaataaaa attactgcg 
attaatttg tacgcttta aaacatgta acttcaaca 
tcactcact gatgaatta accgaagat gaaaaaatt 
gtcagacaa caaattttg gatttgttg gctgggtct 
ttgagcgcg tttcttatt ccagttcat acgctaaaa 
aatgacgaa agcttgttg gattattac gcacttcct 
gcagtgaaa cttttaaca tattggatt atgaacgaa 
tcggaaatt cttaacgaa gttgttttt actaatcgg 
ttgcaaatt tggcccagt ttgtgcaaa cttttgaat 
aacgtacag caatacatg aaaaacttt gactacacc 
aaatatgcc aatgtgcct ctgtttgaa gataaattg 
ttgcaaggc tttcggcct ttgataaaa aatttcaaa 
gagttggat tttaaggcg ggtgtcgag gatgaaaaa 
actgataat ttaatccga atgcagcgt ttgattgat 
tttggttta tttatcagc aagttggat gtgaatcat 
acgaaatta attacgaca agtaccgaa agtgattta 
attaatttt gaacctgga tgcattcag ccagaccca 
actaatgac ttattggag gaaatgaaa tcatttcat 
gtcactgat atttcaaca attcctaat aaaaaaggt 
tttgaaaaa cggggcggt attttaaaa ccacaaggt 
tccttggaa aaatcgcgc gaagaacgc gaattatta 
tcatcggga gaacaaagt ctcatgtcc gatttaagt 
aattcaagt gcgtcctca agtagtagc aaaaaagac 
atttcaaaa aataaacga tccaagcaa aacattgct 
ctgcagtcg atttttaaa aaactggaa gagaataaa 
caggtgaaa tttaaagtt gaagaaaaa gaaaaattg 
gtgactttt gacacaaag ccttctccg tttaatccc 
cctttgcga acccaatcc ttcaaccag aaccatcca 
gctttccct attcctcct cctcctcct cccagccaa 
cctgattac ctcaatact ctccggaac gtaacgaaa 
cctccacag ccaaattca tttgttttc cctcccaaa 
actgagaat ccatcaatg gttccattt caaaataat 
ttcaatcag cgtgtctat caatttccc gggggaaac 
ccctacaaa atggaggaa acgaattcg ccttggtgg 
cccaacacg tcacagaat taccaacaa cgacctgat 
agtttcgta aattatccc tttagcaat aatatgccc 
tatgtgccc gattataat aagacgcaa aataatcaa 
gcagccggc gatatgttt aattcacca tggaatact 
tttggaagg actaactta cttgaaagc aacatgaat 
tatgaaaat ttgtcgatg agacagacg atgcttaaa 
gaggcgaca ccaccttca agacctagt catgataat 
ttcatgcaa aatcccaca acatctcct ggttattca 
ttgtttaat accaacact tggacgccg aatttagtt 
ggacagttg aggaataac aaggcacag gataatcaa 
gtgagtcat ttgcctcaa cattccttg tttactgga 
caaggaccc caatcgtta gcccaatta ttggaacag 
caacagtcg caaaaaaat gatgtttag
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC000162 RA
      attcaaact tcatcttaa cctcaaact cgcaaaatt 
gttgatttc aggtacaca ttttcgctt ttaatttat 
tccagtgat ggatattca tgatatcag gtcataccc 
aataatttc tacaccttg atacattta cccaaacta 
tcaaattga gaatgggtt ataaagcag ctgttcaaa 
ttctaaaac aagccgaag acttaaaaa ccaaggtat 
taaaaaaaa gcgatttat tatcggatt cgcaagcat 
ggacggacc aacagaaat tgcaaaata tttaccatc 
aagcattgg tacttgatt tggaatacg ctctcgaca 
agaaagtgg agcaagact tgtggaaca ttggtttta 
agaatcaca tctcggtgt tacaagagt tgactcgcg 
ataaaaaaa acgtcagaa gatctgaat gtcaggcac 
ttttaactt ggtgtttag aagcggctt ctgggtttt 
atttgacac ttttgcacg aattgtgca acgtatatg 
acattgatt taccgttca gaagacgcg gaaatgttt 
atggggaaa caaattcaa atgaactca atttgcctc 
aatcgtcct cctgtgtgt acatttgcc aatactgct 
tggtacatt tgggagata ttgcacgtt atagaaacc 
aaagaaagc aagctgaaa atttttaca agcaagcaa 
ttttagttt ctccaacta gtggtcatc cttacaatc 
agttggctc ttttggagg caagtcaag gtgataaat 
tatcaactg tcttttatt acattaggg gcattgctg 
tgaaaaatc ccttcccag catccacca ctaatctat 
taagcactt taagttcgt cgcttgata aagaaagtc 
cattagaaa aaattcaca gtaaaataa cggtaaccg 
agtttattc aaatttttt tgtgcactc acgccctct 
tgcacactg ccaccgatt taaaccaag ctgaagtcg 
gggttaaaa gtttaaata caacaatga cagctttag 
tagcgactc aaagtttta caagagaga aattaataa 
aaattactg cgattaatt tgtacgctt taaaacatg 
taacttcaa catcactca ctgatgaat taaccgaag 
atgaaaaaa ttgtcagac aacaaattt tggatttgt 
tggctgggt ctttgagcg cgtttctta ttccagttc 
atacgctaa aaaatgacg aaagcttgt tggattatt 
acgcacttc ctgcagtga aacttttaa catattgga 
ttatgaacg aatcggaaa ttcttaacg aagttgttt 
ttactaatc ggttgcaaa tttggccca gtttgtgca 
aacttttga ataacgtac agcaataca tgaaaaact 
ttgactaca ccaaatatg ccaatgtgc ctctgtttg 
aagataaat tgttgcaag gctttcggc ctttgataa 
aaaatttca aagagttgg attttaagg cgggtgtcg 
aggatgaaa aaactgata atttaatcc gaatgcagc 
gtttgattg attttggtt tatttatca gcaagttgg 
atgtgaatc atacgaaat taattacga caagtaccg 
aaagtgatt taattaatt ttgaacctg gatgcattc 
agccagacc caactaatg acttattgg aggaaatga 
aatcatttc atgtcactg atatttcaa caattccta 
ataaaaaag gttttgaaa aacggggcg gtattttaa 
aaccacaag gttccttgg aaaaatcgc gcgaagaac 
gcgaattat tatcatcgg gagaacaaa gtctcatgt 
ccgatttaa gtaattcaa gtgcgtcct caagtagta 
gcaaaaaag acatttcaa aaaataaac gatccaagc 
aaaacattg ctctgcagt cgattttta aaaaactgg 
aagagaata aacaggtga aatttaaag ttgaagaaa 
aagaaaaat tggtgactt ttgacacaa agccttctc 
cgtttaatc cccctttgc gaacccaat ccttcaacc 
agaaccatc cagctttcc ctattcctc ctcctcctc 
ctcccagcc aacctgatt acctcaata ctctccgga 
acgtaacga aacctccac agccaaatt catttgttt 
tccctccca aaactgaga atccatcaa tggttccat 
ttcaaaata atttcaatc agcgtgtct atcaatttc 
ccgggggaa acccctaca aaatggagg aaacgaatt 
cgccttggt ggcccaaca cgtcacaga attaccaac 
aacgacctg atagtttcg taaattatc cctttagca 
ataatatgc cctatgtgc ccgattata ataagacgc 
aaaataatc aagcagccg gcgatatgt ttaattcac 
catggaata cttttggaa ggactaact tacttgaaa 
gcaacatga attatgaaa atttgtcga tgagacaga 
cgatgctta aagaggcga caccacctt caagaccta 
gtcatgata atttcatgc aaaatccca caacatctc 
ctggttatt cattgttta ataccaaca cttggacgc 
cgaatttag ttggacagt tgaggaata acaaggcac 
aggataatc aagtgagtc atttgcctc aacattcct 
tgtttactg gacaaggac cccaatcgt tagcccaat 
tattggaac agcaacagt cgcaaaaaa atgatgttt 
agttttata gataggtgt attatagta gttacttgg 
tcctagtga aataatgga ttcgtaaca gttaataaa 
tcagttttg ttttt

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY