Status
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Gene information
General information
TC000049 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007418.3: 10766785..10773290
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC000049
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
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    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
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    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
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    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00007

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 40.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    pupa eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (3 dpi)
    Days post injection

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 1 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Analysis of embryonic musculature and early development
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50 embryo/egg - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: > 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): less than 30%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 10.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    eclosion not fulfilled (with pupal and adult features) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 8 (19 dpi)
    Days post injection


    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC000049 RA
      MSFQFNNQP LGNGAIVPT GGQSGFVPS DASDFSIFP 
PGLNDSPLE FNMNKNKTS VARSVDDKD DSSLSPSDK 
RDRRRIERR DRDRRDTDK SRDDSDSNM SSSQDVIPI 
QNGSSLGPN MWGGMMGMG YPMVGMNMI MDPNMISMN 
NYGMMPPMM APDPNMMTP DPNMLINPV KEIIHCKSC 
TLFPPNPNA PPPTTRERP PGCRTVFVG GLPENMTEE 
IITEVFERC GEITTLRLS KKNFCHIRF VYEASVDAA 
IFLSGYRIR IGSNSDTPN TGRLHVDYA QARDDQYEW 
ECRQRQLQR EQRHRERME EERLRPPSP PPVVHYTDH 
EAIAIAEKI KQDDTFTKA VLVVITWLE RGDCNKRNA 
NNFYSMIQS TNSHVRRLL NEKSQYEEE LKKAKEIMK 
GRMQGILLQ FSQIERLFV AACHKKVWD HFTKAQRKN 
IETWKKLSM EIKNVQLDE PASDKADDE MDVSDEDEP 
TKKKHRNDG ASEERNNLK DENESLRCQ MEAYKNEVE 
VLKMDYKKE LDDKDKQFK LLQQTLQGM QQQLIEARR 
KQTEEETKV KDLQSKIKQ LETKQSDKD IITLDDSES 
NQAETTSES TCDVQRLNE CDAKLVGII SAFLNVHPF 
GAGLDYIWS YVSKLEANL RPSDIELLM NRFPTVFKQ 
ELVGIGANI ERRWIFNAF NTTSTN
    CDS sequence
    • >TC000049 RA
      atgagtttt caattcaac aaccaacct ttgggaaat 
ggggcaata gtgcccacc ggaggtcag tcagggttc 
gttccatca gatgccagc gatttttcc atttttcct 
cccggttta aacgactct cctttggaa ttcaacatg 
aacaagaat aagacttca gtggcacgc tcagtggac 
gacaaagac gactcaagt ttaagtcct tcagacaaa 
agggacaga cgccgcatt gagcgaagg gatagggat 
cgaagggac accgataag tctcgcgat gattcagat 
tcgaacatg tccagctcg caggatgtt atcccgatc 
caaaacggg tccagtttg gggcccaac atgtggggc 
ggcatgatg ggtatgggg taccccatg gtcggcatg 
aacatgata atggacccg aacatgata tcgatgaac 
aactacggc atgatgccc ccaatgatg gcccccgac 
cccaatatg atgaccccc gacccgaac atgctcata 
aatccagtc aaagaaata atccattgt aaatcctgt 
accttattc cctccaaat cccaatgca ccgccgcct 
acgacacga gaacggcct cccggttgt cgtactgtt 
ttcgtcggt ggtttaccc gaaaatatg accgaggag 
attataacg gaagttttc gaacgttgc ggtgaaatc 
acaacttta agactgagc aaaaagaat ttctgtcat 
atacggttc gtgtatgag gcatcggtt gatgcagcg 
atttttctc tccggttat cgaatccgc attggttcg 
aatagtgat accccaaat actggaagg ttgcacgtg 
gattatgca caggctaga gacgatcag tacgaatgg 
gagtgtcgg caaaggcag ttgcaaaga gaacagaga 
cacagagag aggatggag gaggagaga ttgagaccg 
ccgtcaccg ccacctgtc gtccattac acagaccac 
gaggcgatt gcaattgcc gaaaaaatc aagcaggat 
gatacgttt acaaaagca gtgctggtt gtaattaca 
tggctggaa cgcggcgat tgcaataaa agaaatgcg 
aataatttt tactcgatg atacagtcg acgaattca 
catgtcaga agattgctc aatgaaaag tctcaatac 
gaagaggag ttgaagaaa gccaaagaa ataatgaag 
gggcgaatg caaggcatc ttgttacaa ttcagtcaa 
attgagcga ttgttcgtg gcggcctgt cacaagaag 
gtttgggac catttcacc aaagctcaa agaaagaat 
attgagact tggaaaaag ctgtctatg gaaatcaaa 
aatgtgcag ttggacgag cctgcaagt gacaaagcc 
gatgatgaa atggacgtt tcggacgaa gacgaaccg 
acgaagaag aagcatcgg aatgacggt gcgagcgaa 
gaacggaat aacttgaag gacgagaac gaaagtctg 
aggtgccaa atggaagca tacaagaat gaagttgaa 
gtacttaaa atggattat aagaaagag ttggacgac 
aaagacaag cagttcaag ttgttgcaa cagacgctt 
caagggatg cagcagcaa ctcattgaa gctaggaga 
aaacagact gaggaagaa accaaagtt aaggatctc 
caatcgaag attaagcaa ttggagaca aaacaaagc 
gataaagat atcataaca cttgacgat agtgagagt 
aatcaagcc gagacgacg tctgaatca acttgtgac 
gtccaacga ttgaacgaa tgcgatgct aaattggtc 
ggaattatt tcagcgttt cttaatgtg cacccgttt 
ggtgccgga ctggattac atttggtcg tatgtgagc 
aaattagag gctaatttg agaccgtca gatatcgaa 
ctgttgatg aatcggttt cctactgtt tttaaacaa 
gagttggtc ggtattgga gccaatatc gaacgtcgg 
tggatcttt aatgcgttt aatacgacg tccacaaat 
taa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC000049 RA
      ttaattgtt ttctatttt ttttaacga attcgttct 
tgtgaacag tcggggaag ttcaatcgt caatcctcg 
gcaagtttg gcaggtcga taaaaaatg aactgtttt 
gttgctatt tttccttag aaactcact gtaaccatg 
agttttcaa ttcaacaac caacctttg ggaaatggg 
gcaatagtg cccaccgga ggtcagtca gggttcgtt 
ccatcagat gccagcgat ttttccatt tttcctccc 
ggtttaaac gactctcct ttggaattc aacatgaac 
aagaataag acttcagtg gcacgctca gtggacgac 
aaagacgac tcaagttta agtccttca gacaaaagg 
gacagacgc cgcattgag cgaagggat agggatcga 
agggacacc gataagtct cgcgatgat tcagattcg 
aacatgtcc agctcgcag gatgttatc ccgatccaa 
aacgggtcc agtttgggg cccaacatg tggggcggc 
atgatgggt atggggtac cccatggtc ggcatgaac 
atgataatg gacccgaac atgatatcg atgaacaac 
tacggcatg atgccccca atgatggcc cccgacccc 
aatatgatg acccccgac ccgaacatg ctcataaat 
ccagtcaaa gaaataatc cattgtaaa tcctgtacc 
ttattccct ccaaatccc aatgcaccg ccgcctacg 
acacgagaa cggcctccc ggttgtcgt actgttttc 
gtcggtggt ttacccgaa aatatgacc gaggagatt 
ataacggaa gttttcgaa cgttgcggt gaaatcaca 
actttaaga ctgagcaaa aagaatttc tgtcatata 
cggttcgtg tatgaggca tcggttgat gcagcgatt 
tttctctcc ggttatcga atccgcatt ggttcgaat 
agtgatacc ccaaatact ggaaggttg cacgtggat 
tatgcacag gctagagac gatcagtac gaatgggag 
tgtcggcaa aggcagttg caaagagaa cagagacac 
agagagagg atggaggag gagagattg agaccgccg 
tcaccgcca cctgtcgtc cattacaca gaccacgag 
gcgattgca attgccgaa aaaatcaag caggatgat 
acgtttaca aaagcagtg ctggttgta attacatgg 
ctggaacgc ggcgattgc aataaaaga aatgcgaat 
aatttttac tcgatgata cagtcgacg aattcacat 
gtcagaaga ttgctcaat gaaaagtct caatacgaa 
gaggagttg aagaaagcc aaagaaata atgaagggg 
cgaatgcaa ggcatcttg ttacaattc agtcaaatt 
gagcgattg ttcgtggcg gcctgtcac aagaaggtt 
tgggaccat ttcaccaaa gctcaaaga aagaatatt 
gagacttgg aaaaagctg tctatggaa atcaaaaat 
gtgcagttg gacgagcct gcaagtgac aaagccgat 
gatgaaatg gacgtttcg gacgaagac gaaccgacg 
aagaagaag catcggaat gacggtgcg agcgaagaa 
cggaataac ttgaaggac gagaacgaa agtctgagg 
tgccaaatg gaagcatac aagaatgaa gttgaagta 
cttaaaatg gattataag aaagagttg gacgacaaa 
gacaagcag ttcaagttg ttgcaacag acgcttcaa 
gggatgcag cagcaactc attgaagct aggagaaaa 
cagactgag gaagaaacc aaagttaag gatctccaa 
tcgaagatt aagcaattg gagacaaaa caaagcgat 
aaagatatc ataacactt gacgatagt gagagtaat 
caagccgag acgacgtct gaatcaact tgtgacgtc 
caacgattg aacgaatgc gatgctaaa ttggtcgga 
attatttca gcgtttctt aatgtgcac ccgtttggt 
gccggactg gattacatt tggtcgtat gtgagcaaa 
ttagaggct aatttgaga ccgtcagat atcgaactg 
ttgatgaat cggtttcct actgttttt aaacaagag 
ttggtcggt attggagcc aatatcgaa cgtcggtgg 
atctttaat gcgtttaat acgacgtcc acaaattaa 
atattgtag tcactgttt tgatctgtt tcacacttt 
accagtgcg ttgtttatt tatttctag ttgaataaa 
agttagtaa aggtt

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY