Status
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Gene information
General information
TC000956 Gene

The sequence from the iB fragment is matched against the genes from the official gene set. The matche(s) is/are visualizied in a genome browser.

NC_007417.3: 8866505..8869816
Sequence information
Transcripts / Proteins (1) Get mRNA sequence
Get CDS sequence
Get protein sequence
Ortholog information (from OrthoDB)

The information about the homolog genes in Drosophila is provided by OrthoDB http://www.orthodb.org/. The homologs are sorted according to their similarity score. For an orthology statement additional analysis are required.
The data basis for the orthologs is OrthoDB v9 containing OGS3 for Tribolium castaneum and 2015_04 (r6.07) for Drosophila melanogaster.

Closest fly homologs
    		TC000956
    Gene ontology

    GO terms for Tribolium

    • {{ goTerm.term }}
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      Status: {{ goTerm.status }}
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      Quotation: {{ goTerm.quotation }}
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    There are no GO terms for Tribolium at the moment. You can help the community by providing some GO terms for this gene.


    GO terms for the homologous Drosophila genes

    Assign a GO term to this Tribolium gene by filling in the fields. Repeat to add several GO terms. Search AmiGO for the correct GO ID. Use only the most specific term - use "graph views" to browse related terms ("child terms" are more specific; the more general "parent" terms will be automatically linked). Only information based on Tribolium data should be entered - do not define terms just based on Drosophila knowledge. We will review this information and submit the annotation to the Gene Ontology consortium.


    Gene
    {{ goGene }}
    The Tribolium gene the GO term is assigned to.
    GO ID *
    {{ blurIdResult }}
    The ID of the GO term you assign to the gene. Please enter only the ID of the GO term with proceeding 'GO:'. This information is mandatory.
    Evidence
    {{ blurEvidenceResult }}
    The evidence code describes with which method the function or location, expressed by the GO term, was show for this gene. Please refer to this page for a definition of the evidence code and a decision tree.
    Reference *
    {{ blurReferenceResult }}
    The reference where the function or location is described for the gene. Please enter a PubMed ID. This information is mandatory.
    Quotation
    If you paste here the relevant section of the reference it is for us a great help to review your annotation. The quotation may be also be displayed to the users of iBeetle-Base.
    Name
    You may enter your name. The contact information can help us to clarify any questions. If you agree, we may show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
    Email
    We will use your email address only for possible questions regarding this annotation. We will never show your address or give it away.
    Publish name
    If you have entered your name and agree by marking the checkbox. we might show your name on this page to honor your contribution.
      {{ unavailableText }}

    * : mandatory fields
    For help on how to submit larger datasets or non experimental data please contact us.
    iBeetle screen iB_00196

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: 50.0% (includes death as pupa, adult)

    adult lethality - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (9 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Fertility
    vitellogenic egg chamber mostly degenerated - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4

    Analysis of larval stage 1 cuticle
    number of eggs/embryos/larvae on slide: < 50
     egg without cuticle embryo/egg without visible larval cuticle in cuticle preparation - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    affected eggs/embryos/larvae - Penetrance (percentage of animals/eggs on slide): more than 80%
    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: 25.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: 100.0% (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    pupal molt delayed (still larva) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 4 (11 dpi)
    Days post injection

    larva lethality late (L7) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 3 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    eclosion not fulfilled (died as pupa) - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2 (16 dpi)
    Days post injection

    Pupal morphology
    mesonotum central colour darker - Number of animals showing the phenotype: 2

    iBeetle screen iB_00196

    Attention! iBeetle is a first pass screen. Hence, the documented phenotypes need to be confirmed by independent experiments using non-overlapping dsRNA fragments! Phenotypes with a penetrance > 50% are frequently reproduced. See Schmitt-Engel et al. 2015 for details on reproducibility.

    iB sequence
    Phenotype after pupal injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Pupal injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female pupae of the pBA19 strain (muscle enhancer trap line) were injected with dsRNA.

    3 days post injection (dpi): Hatch control: Pupal and adult lethality as well as metamorphosis defects (molting, eclosion) were documented. For mating, 4 males of the black strain were added.

    9 dpi: First egg-lay was collected and incubated for cuticle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) was documented.

    11 dpi: Second egg-lay was collected and incubated for embryonic muscle analysis. Adult lethality and egg production (reduced/ no egg-lay) were documented.

    Note: The adult morphology was not analyzed systematically at 3/9/11 dpi. Only obvious phenotypes, visible without magnification, have been annotated.

    13 dpi: Egg productivity and Ovary analysis
    The percentage of hatched larvae was documented and not hatched larvae/ eggs were embedded for cuticle analysis (15 dpi). In case of a reduction of egg production, 4 injected females were dissected to analyze the gross morphology of the ovaries.

    14 dpi: Analysis of embryonic musculature and early embryonic development
    Offspring of the injected females (hatched and not hatched larvae/ eggs) were analysed for embryonic lethality and muscle defects.

    15 dpi: Analysis of larval instar 1 cuticle
    Offspring of injected females were analysed and cuticle phenotypes were annotated.

    22 dpi: Stink gland analysis
    Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands (colour, size, content) of the injected femals.

    Terms used in the pupal injection procedure

    larval pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    empty eggs
    Just empty shells are visible, no cuticle has been developed.
    strong defects
    L1 cuticle larvae which show severe defects. These strong defects are subdivided into three categories
    strongly fragmented (cuticle crumbs)
    No segments or appendages are identifiable, only residues of cuticle and bristles can be identified.
    cuticle remnants (with unidentifiable segments)
    Segments or parts of appendages are recognizable, but identity is not clear.
    cuticle remnants (with some identifiable segments)
    At least one segment or appendage is clearly regonizable.
    number of eggs on slide
    affected embryos usually (not always) do not hatch. Only the not hatched were used for cuticle analysis.
    For the embryonic muscle analysis the hatched as well as the not hatched were analysed.
    total number of affected eggs/embryos/larvae
    Summary of all different phenotypes/ phenotypic series which were annotated.
    inside-out
    The L1 larva shows a partial or complete inversion., e.g. bristles, appendages or parts of the abdominal segments are inverted into the interior of the cuticle.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    Please see the help page for more information
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethality 11 days after pupal injection: % (includes death as pupa, adult)

    Phenotype after larval injection
    Usually 10 injected animals

    Larval injection procedure

    Day 0: 10 female L5-6 larvae of the D17Xhom strain (females express RFP in the eyes and in the CNS; pupae express GFP in the thorax) were injected with dsRNA.

    11 days post injection (dpi): Pupal morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of pupal head and appendages, pupal thorax, pupal thoracic musculature, pupal legs, pupal wings, pupal abdomen and pupal genital lobes.

    16 dpi: Adult morphology Documentation of larval/ pupal and adult death and defects of metamorphosis (eclosion, delayed development). Screening for alterations of adult head and appendages, adult thorax, adult elytra and hindwings, adult legs and cuticle properties. For mating 4 males of the black strain were added.

    19 dpi: Sieving and egg-lay Documentation of adult lethality and enduring metamorphosis defects.

    22 dpi: Ovary analysis (Fertility) In case of a reduction of egg production 4 females were dissected and the gross morphology of the ovaries were analysed.

    41 dpi: Fertility and stink gland analysis Documentation of defects in abdominal and thoracic stink glands development (colour, size, content) of the injected females. Check for fertility of injected larvae (no or decreased offspring).

    Terms used in the larval injection procedure

    pupal/ adult pantagmatic defects
    At least two tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen or terminus) show similar/ comparable defects.
    pupal molt not fulfilled
    The hatching from the larva to the pupa is interrupted. Either it dies as prepupa or the phenotype shows larval as well as pupal features.
    eclosion not fulfilled
    The emergence of the adult from the pupa stage is interrupted. This phenotype shows pupal as well as adult features.
    starved
    Dissected females show a strong resorption of fatbody predominately in the abdomen and the oogenesis is blocked. These are considered as eventually lethal phenotypes and the blocked oogenesis probably a secondary defect due to starvation.
    Metamorphosis and survival

    Lethalities 11 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa)
    Lethalities 22 days after larval injection: % (includes death as larva, prepupa, pupa, adult)

    RNAi sequence
    Primers
    Left: Right:
    Protein sequence
    • >TC000956 RA
      MSDSESQTW LGTPLSDMY KGQGPWGFA TAPVTPAKY 
HHVLFELPV TLKEPPEPH YNAQPKHWD DDYVRMPYS 
SHSLFLVKE NGEEVIKPR WDVINEALS KPITSVEDL 
EKAINTYNN KLPKFTALK HFFNDVIEE EEAQLFFTS 
LLPKIIKLA LRLPELVPG SIPLLRKNH SKSVSLSQL 
QVASLIANA FLCTLIWRK KTSDTFPGV NFTKLFNAD 
DRTLRQECV AEKLKCIMH YFNRVTTKT PVGVITFER 
KFVPRSQMP RWDALDNNL GNTKVHISS SGTIEEARG 
FLQVDFANK FIGGGVLSY GCVQEEIRF VICPELIIS 
RLFTEVLGD GEAVIITGI ERYSNYSGY SNTFKWDGN 
VNDDTPFDD FGRRKTTLA VIDATQFTK SKDQFHCST 
ILRELNKAY VGFSCREKQ NLAPVATGN WGCGAFKGD 
PNLKSLIQL MACSASGRD LVYYSFGDV ELRDEFYKM 
YMFLANNKI TICQLWRYL CRFCGANVT PDKLYSFIQ 
QCHFDSKTQ PTIKQFFGL TQKRKPDLN LPSTSAEDA 
VKTKKTSPN ERKVKDEAK PSVAKYPEL PVTIERKKS 
PVTPDEIIE IIDIIDGNV AKSRDNAEQ EEESLLSKI 
DKMKKSETK KSDDCEIPM EVDVEPKPV GFIEDKKRK 
ISDYFSKVT NHVNSYL
    CDS sequence
    • >TC000956 RA
      atgagcgat agtgaatcc caaacatgg ctaggtacc 
cccttgtcg gacatgtac aagggccag gggccgtgg 
ggcttcgcc actgctcct gtcaccccc gcgaagtat 
caccacgtt ctattcgag ctccctgtg acgctgaag 
gagcccccg gagccccat tataacgca caacccaag 
cattgggat gacgattac gtccggatg ccttactcg 
tcccatagc ttatttcta gtgaaagaa aatggagaa 
gaagtgata aaaccgcgc tgggacgtc ataaacgaa 
gccctttcg aaacctatc acctcagtc gaagattta 
gaaaaagca ataaataca tataacaac aaactacca 
aaatttaca gcactgaaa cattttttt aatgatgtt 
atagaagag gaggaagcg cagcttttt ttcacgtcc 
ctgttacca aaaatcatc aaacttgcg ttacgtctg 
cctgagtta gtccctgga agtattcca ctgttgcgg 
aaaaatcat tccaaatcg gtcagtctg agccagtta 
caagtggct tcgctgatt gcgaatgcg tttttgtgc 
actctgatc tggaggaaa aaaacgtcc gatactttc 
cccggcgtt aatttcaca aaattattt aacgccgat 
gatcggacg ttacgccag gaatgtgtc gcggaaaaa 
ttaaagtgc atcatgcac tactttaat cgagtcacc 
accaaaact ccagtcggt gtcataaca ttcgagcgc 
aagttcgtc cccaggagc caaatgcca cgatgggac 
gctctggac aataattta ggaaacacc aaagtgcat 
atctcaagc tcagggacg atagaagag gctcgaggt 
tttttacaa gtcgatttt gcgaacaag tttataggc 
ggcggtgtt ctgtcgtat ggctgtgtt caggaggag 
attcggttt gtcatttgt cccgaattg ataatcagc 
cgcctgttc accgaggtg ttgggtgac ggcgaagcc 
gtcattatc accggaatt gagcgatat agcaattat 
tccggttat tccaacacc ttcaagtgg gacggaaac 
gtcaatgac gacacaccg tttgatgat ttcggccga 
cgaaaaaca acgttggct gtgatagat gcgactcaa 
ttcacaaaa tccaaagac cagttccac tgttcgacc 
atattacgc gagctcaat aaagcttat gtggggttt 
agttgtcgc gaaaagcaa aacttggcg cctgttgcg 
acaggcaat tggggctgt ggggccttc aaaggcgac 
cccaactta aaatcattg atccaactc atggcatgt 
agcgcctct ggacgcgac ttggtctac tactcgttt 
ggcgatgtc gagctccga gatgaattt tacaaaatg 
tatatgttc ctcgccaat aacaaaatc actatttgc 
caactgtgg cgttatttg tgccgcttt tgtggcgca 
aacgtcact ccagacaag ttatactcc tttatccaa 
caatgccac ttcgattcc aagacacag ccaacaata 
aaacaattt tttgggctc acacagaag cggaaaccc 
gatctcaat ttgccgtca acgtcggcc gaagatgca 
gttaaaacg aagaaaact tcgccgaac gagcggaaa 
gttaaggac gaggcgaag ccgagtgtt gcgaaatat 
cccgagtta ccggtgaca atcgaacgg aagaaaagt 
ccagtcact cccgacgaa attatcgag attatagat 
atcatagac gggaatgtg gcgaaaagt cgggacaat 
gccgagcaa gaggaggaa agtctcctg tccaagatc 
gacaaaatg aagaaaagc gaaacgaag aagagcgac 
gattgcgag atcccgatg gaagtggat gtggagccg 
aaacccgtg gggttcatc gaagacaag aagaggaaa 
atcagcgat tatttctcc aaagtgacc aatcatgtc 
aacagctat ttgtaa
    mRNA sequence
    • >TC000956 RA
      tcagttttg acgtttctc tgcctaacc taacttttg 
ccaataata ataaatatg aagcgccaa tttatgtag 
tgacaatga gcgatagtg aatcccaaa catggctag 
gtaccccct tgtcggaca tgtacaagg gccaggggc 
cgtggggct tcgccactg ctcctgtca cccccgcga 
agtatcacc acgttctat tcgagctcc ctgtgacgc 
tgaaggagc ccccggagc cccattata acgcacaac 
ccaagcatt gggatgacg attacgtcc ggatgcctt 
actcgtccc atagcttat ttctagtga aagaaaatg 
gagaagaag tgataaaac cgcgctggg acgtcataa 
acgaagccc tttcgaaac ctatcacct cagtcgaag 
atttagaaa aagcaataa atacatata acaacaaac 
taccaaaat ttacagcac tgaaacatt tttttaatg 
atgttatag aagaggagg aagcgcagc tttttttca 
cgtccctgt taccaaaaa tcatcaaac ttgcgttac 
gtctgcctg agttagtcc ctggaagta ttccactgt 
tgcggaaaa atcattcca aatcggtca gtctgagcc 
agttacaag tggcttcgc tgattgcga atgcgtttt 
tgtgcactc tgatctgga ggaaaaaaa cgtccgata 
ctttccccg gcgttaatt tcacaaaat tatttaacg 
ccgatgatc ggacgttac gccaggaat gtgtcgcgg 
aaaaattaa agtgcatca tgcactact ttaatcgag 
tcaccacca aaactccag tcggtgtca taacattcg 
agcgcaagt tcgtcccca ggagccaaa tgccacgat 
gggacgctc tggacaata atttaggaa acaccaaag 
tgcatatct caagctcag ggacgatag aagaggctc 
gaggttttt tacaagtcg attttgcga acaagttta 
taggcggcg gtgttctgt cgtatggct gtgttcagg 
aggagattc ggtttgtca tttgtcccg aattgataa 
tcagccgcc tgttcaccg aggtgttgg gtgacggcg 
aagccgtca ttatcaccg gaattgagc gatatagca 
attattccg gttattcca acaccttca agtgggacg 
gaaacgtca atgacgaca caccgtttg atgatttcg 
gccgacgaa aaacaacgt tggctgtga tagatgcga 
ctcaattca caaaatcca aagaccagt tccactgtt 
cgaccatat tacgcgagc tcaataaag cttatgtgg 
ggtttagtt gtcgcgaaa agcaaaact tggcgcctg 
ttgcgacag gcaattggg gctgtgggg ccttcaaag 
gcgacccca acttaaaat cattgatcc aactcatgg 
catgtagcg cctctggac gcgacttgg tctactact 
cgtttggcg atgtcgagc tccgagatg aattttaca 
aaatgtata tgttcctcg ccaataaca aaatcacta 
tttgccaac tgtggcgtt atttgtgcc gcttttgtg 
gcgcaaacg tcactccag acaagttat actccttta 
tccaacaat gccacttcg attccaaga cacagccaa 
caataaaac aattttttg ggctcacac agaagcgga 
aacccgatc tcaatttgc cgtcaacgt cggccgaag 
atgcagtta aaacgaaga aaacttcgc cgaacgagc 
ggaaagtta aggacgagg cgaagccga gtgttgcga 
aatatcccg agttaccgg tgacaatcg aacggaaga 
aaagtccag tcactcccg acgaaatta tcgagatta 
tagatatca tagacggga atgtggcga aaagtcggg 
acaatgccg agcaagagg aggaaagtc tcctgtcca 
agatcgaca aaatgaaga aaagcgaaa cgaagaaga 
gcgacgatt gcgagatcc cgatggaag tggatgtgg 
agccgaaac ccgtggggt tcatcgaag acaagaaga 
ggaaaatca gcgattatt tctccaaag tgaccaatc 
atgtcaaca gctatttgt aatttcttg aataaattt 
ttgatttat tt

    If you use iBeetle-Base, please cite: Dönitz J et al.: Expanded and updated data and a query pipeline for iBeetle-Base,
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D831-D835. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx984.

    The data is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (CC-BY) CC-BY